【Java简单实现图书管理系统】

文章目录

  • 一、图书管理系统要实现哪些功能
  • 二、怎么去实现这些功能?
  • 三、程序框架图
  • 四、具体实现
    • 1.Book
      • Book
      • BookList
    • 2.User
      • NormallUser
      • AdminUser
    • 3.operation
      • IOoperation
      • AddOperation
      • BorrowOperation
      • DelOperation
      • DisplayOperation
      • FindOperation
      • ReturnOperation
      • ExitOperation
    • 4.Main
  • 五、效果展示
      • 管理员效果展示
      • 普通用户效果展示
  • 总结

提示:以下是本篇文章正文内容,下面案例可供参考

一、图书管理系统要实现哪些功能

1.图书管理系统分为图书管理员普通用户
2.既然分为两类用户就要实现与其相对应的菜单
3.管理员我们要实现查找图书、增添图书、删除图书、显示图书、以及退出系统
4.普通用户我们要实现查找图书、借阅图书、归还图书、以及退出系统

以上就是我们要实现的一些简单功能


二、怎么去实现这些功能?

1.首先我们是图书管理系统,我们要抽象出图书Book这个类,并且加上图书名称、作者、价格、类型、以及借出的状态这些属性。
2.我们还要想到我们的书应该放在哪里,所以抽象出书架BookList这个类,然后在一个数组中存放我们的书。
3.因为我们分为两种用户,所以可以抽象User这个类,将这个类作为普通用户NormallUser管理员Adminuser的父类
4.最重要的就是如何实现我们的逻辑操作,我们创建一个operation的包实现IOperation的这个接口,然后我们分别让查找,增添,删除,显示,借阅,归还,退出系统分别实现这个接口
5.最后要在Main这个包下面,实现登录的操作利用循环打印对应的菜单

三、程序框架图

【Java简单实现图书管理系统】_第1张图片

四、具体实现

1.Book

Book

package Book;

/**
 * Created with IntelliJ IDEA.
 * Description:
 * User: 刘尚辉
 * Date: 2022-05-18
 * Time: 21:23
 */
public class Book {
    private  String name; //书名
    private  String author;//代表作者
    private  int price;//价格
    private  String  type;//类型
    private  boolean isBorrowed;//是否被借出  //默认是未被借出的

    public Book(String name, String author, int price, String type) {
        this.name = name;
        this.author = author;
        this.price = price;
        this.type = type;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getAuthor() {
        return author;
    }

    public void setAuthor(String author) {
        this.author = author;
    }

    public int getPrice() {
        return price;
    }

    public void setPrice(int price) {
        this.price = price;
    }

    public String getType() {
        return type;
    }

    public void setType(String type) {
        this.type = type;
    }

    public boolean isBorrowed() {
        return isBorrowed;
    }

    public void setBorrowed(boolean borrowed) {
        isBorrowed = borrowed;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "BookList{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", author='" + author + '\'' +
                ", price=" + price +
                ", type='" + type + '\'' +
                ((isBorrowed==true) ? "已经借出":"未借出")+
                '}';
    }
}

BookList

package Book;

/**
 * Created with IntelliJ IDEA.
 * Description:
 * User: 刘尚辉
 * Date: 2022-05-18
 * Time: 21:24
 */
//书架
public class BookList {
    //最多放10本书
    private Book[] books = new Book[10];
    private  int usedSize;  //实时记录 当前books这个数组中有多少本书


    public BookList(){
        books[0]=new Book("三国演义","罗贯中",19,"小说");
        books[1]=new Book("西游记","吴承恩",39,"小说");
        books[2]=new Book("红楼梦","曹雪芹",59,"小说");
        usedSize =3;
    }
    //此时pos位置一定是合法的
    //获取这本书
    public Book getBook(int pos){
        return books[pos];
    }
    //此时pos位置一定是合法的   book是你要放的书
    public  void  setBooks(int pos,Book book){
        books[pos]=book;
    }
    //实时获取当前书的数量
    public  int getUsedSize(){
        return usedSize;
    }
    //实时的修改书的数量(例如增加和删除书的时候)
    public  void setUsedSize(int size){
        usedSize = size;
    }

}

2.User

NormallUser

package user;

import operation.ExitOperation;
import operation.BorrowOperation;
import operation.FindOperation;
import operation.IOoperation;
import operation.ReturnOperation;

import java.util.Scanner;

/**
 * Created with IntelliJ IDEA.
 * Description:
 * User: 刘尚辉
 * Date: 2022-05-18
 * Time: 21:59
 */
public class NormallUser extends User {

    public NormallUser(String name) {
        super(name);
        this.iOoperations =new IOoperation[]{
                new ExitOperation(), //0下标是退出系统
                new FindOperation(),  //根据数字定义该操作位于数组下标几的位置
                new BorrowOperation(),
                new ReturnOperation(),
        };

    }
    public  int menu(){
        System.out.println("hello "+this.name+" 欢迎进入图书管理系统!");
        System.out.println("1.查找图书!");
        System.out.println("2.借阅图书!");
        System.out.println("3.归还图书!");
        System.out.println("0.退出系统!");
        System.out.println("请输入你的操作:");
        Scanner scanner =new Scanner(System.in);
        int choice =scanner.nextInt();
        return choice;
    }
}

AdminUser

package user;

import operation.ExitOperation;
import operation.*;

import java.util.Scanner;

/**
 * Created with IntelliJ IDEA.
 * Description:
 * User: 刘尚辉
 * Date: 2022-05-18
 * Time: 21:59
 */
public class AdminUser extends User {

    public AdminUser(String name) {
        super(name);
        this.iOoperations =new IOoperation[]{
                new ExitOperation(), //0下标是退出系统
                new FindOperation(),
                new AddOperation(),  //根据数字定义该操作位于数组下标几的位置
                new DelOperation(),
                new DisplayOperation()
        };
    }

    public  int menu(){
        System.out.println("hello "+this.name+" 欢迎进入图书管理系统!");
        System.out.println("1.查找图书!");
        System.out.println("2.新增图书!");
        System.out.println("3.删除图书!");
        System.out.println("4.显示图书!");
        System.out.println("0.退出系统!");
        System.out.println("请输入你的操作:");
        Scanner scanner =new Scanner(System.in);
        int choice =scanner.nextInt();
        return choice;
    }
}

3.operation

IOoperation

package operation;

import Book.BookList;

/**
 * Created with IntelliJ IDEA.
 * Description:
 * User: 刘尚辉
 * Date: 2022-05-18
 * Time: 21:47
 */
public interface IOoperation {
    void work(BookList bookList);
}

AddOperation

package operation;

import Book.Book;
import Book.BookList;

import java.util.Scanner;

/**
 * Created with IntelliJ IDEA.
 * Description:
 * User: 刘尚辉
 * Date: 2022-05-18
 * Time: 21:48
 */
public class AddOperation  implements  IOoperation{
    @Override
    public void work(BookList bookList) {
        System.out.println("新增图书!");
        Scanner scanner =new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.println("请输入图书的名称:");
        String name =scanner.nextLine();
        System.out.println("请输入图书的作者:");
        String author =scanner.nextLine();
        System.out.println("请输入图书的类型:");
        String type =scanner.nextLine();
        System.out.println("请输入图书的价格:");
        int price = scanner.nextInt();


        Book book  =new Book(name,author,price,type);
        int currentSize = bookList.getUsedSize();
        bookList.setBooks(currentSize,book);

        bookList.setUsedSize(currentSize+1);
        System.out.println("新增图书成功!");
    }

}

BorrowOperation

package operation;

import Book.Book;
import Book.BookList;

import java.util.Scanner;

/**
 * Created with IntelliJ IDEA.
 * Description:
 * User: 刘尚辉
 * Date: 2022-05-18
 * Time: 21:54
 */
public class BorrowOperation implements  IOoperation{
    @Override
    public void work(BookList bookList) {
        System.out.println("借阅图书!");
        Scanner scanner =new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.println("请输入借阅图书的名称:");
        String name =scanner.nextLine();

        int currentSize = bookList.getUsedSize();
        for (int i = 0; i < currentSize; i++) {
            Book book =bookList.getBook(i);
            if(book.getName().equals(name)){
                book.setBorrowed(true);
                System.out.println("借阅成功!");
                return;
            }
        }

    }
}

DelOperation

package operation;

import Book.Book;

import java.util.Scanner;
import Book.BookList;

/**
 * Created with IntelliJ IDEA.
 * Description:
 * User: 刘尚辉
 * Date: 2022-05-18
 * Time: 21:50
 */
public class DelOperation implements IOoperation {
    @Override
    public void work(BookList bookList) {
        System.out.println("删除图书!");
        System.out.println("请输入你要删除图书的名字:");
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        String name = scanner.nextLine();

        int index = 0;
        int currentSize = bookList.getUsedSize();
        int i = 0;
        for (; i < currentSize; i++) {
            Book book = bookList.getBook(i);
            if(book.getName().equals(name)) {
                index = i;
                break;
            }
        }
        //1、遇到了break  2、没有找到 结束了for循环
        if(i == currentSize) {
            System.out.println("没有你要删除的图书!");
            return;
        }

        for (int j = index; j < currentSize-1; j++) {
            //bookList[j] = bookList[j+1];
            Book book =bookList.getBook(j+1);

            bookList.setBooks(j,book);
        }

        bookList.setBooks(currentSize-1,null);

        bookList.setUsedSize(currentSize-1);

        System.out.println("删除结束");
    }
}

DisplayOperation

package operation;

import Book.Book;
import Book.BookList;

/**
 * Created with IntelliJ IDEA.
 * Description:
 * User: 刘尚辉
 * Date: 2022-05-18
 * Time: 21:51
 */
public class DisplayOperation implements IOoperation{
    @Override
    public void work(BookList bookList) {
        System.out.println("显示图书!");
        int currentSize = bookList.getUsedSize();
        for (int i = 0; i < currentSize; i++) {
            Book book =bookList.getBook(i);
                System.out.println(book);

            }
        }
    }


FindOperation

package operation;

import Book.Book;
import Book.BookList;

import java.util.Scanner;

/**
 * Created with IntelliJ IDEA.
 * Description:
 * User: 刘尚辉
 * Date: 2022-05-18
 * Time: 21:49
 */
public class FindOperation implements IOoperation {
    @Override
    public void work(BookList bookList) {
        System.out.println("查找图书!");
        Scanner scanner =new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.println("请输入图书的名称:");
        String name =scanner.nextLine();

        int currentSize = bookList.getUsedSize();
        for (int i = 0; i < currentSize; i++) {
             Book book =bookList.getBook(i);
             if(book.getName().equals(name)){
                 System.out.println("找到了这本书!");
                 System.out.println(book);
                 return;
             }
        }
        //说明没有找到
        System.out.println("没有你要找的图书!");
    }

}

ReturnOperation

package operation;

import Book.Book;
import Book.BookList;

import java.util.Scanner;

/**
 * Created with IntelliJ IDEA.
 * Description:
 * User: 刘尚辉
 * Date: 2022-05-18
 * Time: 21:55
 */
public class ReturnOperation implements IOoperation {

    @Override
    public void work(BookList bookList) {
        System.out.println("归还图书!");
        Scanner scanner =new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.println("请输入归还图书的名称:");
        String name =scanner.nextLine();

        int currentSize = bookList.getUsedSize();
        for (int i = 0; i < currentSize; i++) {
            Book book =bookList.getBook(i);
            if(book.getName().equals(name)){
                book.setBorrowed(false);
                System.out.println("归还成功!");
                return;
            }
        }
    }
}

ExitOperation

package operation;

import Book.BookList;
import operation.IOoperation;

/**
 * Created with IntelliJ IDEA.
 * Description:
 * User: 刘尚辉
 * Date: 2022-05-18
 * Time: 21:52
 */
public class ExitOperation implements IOoperation {
    @Override
    public void work(BookList bookList) {
        System.out.println("退出系统!");
        System.exit(0);
    }
}

4.Main

package Main;

import Book.BookList;
import user.AdminUser;
import user.NormallUser;
import user.User;

import java.util.Scanner;

/**
 * Created with IntelliJ IDEA.
 * Description:
 * User: 刘尚辉
 * Date: 2022-05-18
 * Time: 22:12
 */
public class Main {
    //实现登录的方法
    public  static User login(){
        System.out.println("请输入你的姓名:");
        Scanner scanner =new Scanner(System.in);
        String name =scanner.nextLine();
        System.out.println("请输入你的身份:1:--》管理员,0--》普通用户");
        int choice= scanner.nextInt();


        if(choice==1){
            return new AdminUser(name);
        }else{
            return new NormallUser(name);
        }
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        BookList bookList =new BookList();//准备图书
        //登录-->user这个引用引用那个对象  看返回值
        User user = login();

        //打印菜单
        while (true){
            int choice = user.menu();//动态绑定
            user.doOperation(choice,bookList);
        }

    }
}

五、效果展示

【Java简单实现图书管理系统】_第2张图片

管理员效果展示

【Java简单实现图书管理系统】_第3张图片

普通用户效果展示

【Java简单实现图书管理系统】_第4张图片


总结

提示:以上就是简单实现图书管理系统的简单实现
Hello world 我们下期见!

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