总时间限制:
1000ms
内存限制:
65536kB
描述
程序填空,输出指定结果
#include
#include
using namespace std;
int strlen(const char * s)
{ int i = 0;
for(; s[i]; ++i);
return i;
}
void strcpy(char * d,const char * s)
{
int i = 0;
for( i = 0; s[i]; ++i)
d[i] = s[i];
d[i] = 0;
}
int strcmp(const char * s1,const char * s2)
{
for(int i = 0; s1[i] && s2[i] ; ++i) {
if( s1[i] < s2[i] )
return -1;
else if( s1[i] > s2[i])
return 1;
}
return 0;
}
void strcat(char * d,const char * s)
{
int len = strlen(d);
strcpy(d+len,s);
}
class MyString
{
// 在此处补充你的代码
};
int CompareString( const void * e1, const void * e2)
{
MyString * s1 = (MyString * ) e1;
MyString * s2 = (MyString * ) e2;
if( * s1 < *s2 )
return -1;
else if( *s1 == *s2)
return 0;
else if( *s1 > *s2 )
return 1;
}
int main()
{
MyString s1("abcd-"),s2,s3("efgh-"),s4(s1);
MyString SArray[4] = {"big","me","about","take"};
cout << "1. " << s1 << s2 << s3<< s4<< endl;
s4 = s3;
s3 = s1 + s3;
cout << "2. " << s1 << endl;
cout << "3. " << s2 << endl;
cout << "4. " << s3 << endl;
cout << "5. " << s4 << endl;
cout << "6. " << s1[2] << endl;
s2 = s1;
s1 = "ijkl-";
s1[2] = 'A' ;
cout << "7. " << s2 << endl;
cout << "8. " << s1 << endl;
s1 += "mnop";
cout << "9. " << s1 << endl;
s4 = "qrst-" + s2;
cout << "10. " << s4 << endl;
s1 = s2 + s4 + " uvw " + "xyz";
cout << "11. " << s1 << endl;
qsort(SArray,4,sizeof(MyString),CompareString);
for( int i = 0;i < 4;i ++ )
cout << SArray[i] << endl;
//s1的从下标0开始长度为4的子串
cout << s1(0,4) << endl;
//s1的从下标5开始长度为10的子串
cout << s1(5,10) << endl;
return 0;
}
输入
无
输出
1. abcd-efgh-abcd-
2. abcd-
3.
4. abcd-efgh-
5. efgh-
6. c
7. abcd-
8. ijAl-
9. ijAl-mnop
10. qrst-abcd-
11. abcd-qrst-abcd- uvw xyz
about
big
me
take
abcd
qrst-abcd-
样例输入
无
样例输出
1. abcd-efgh-abcd-
2. abcd-
3.
4. abcd-efgh-
5. efgh-
6. c
7. abcd-
8. ijAl-
9. ijAl-mnop
10. qrst-abcd-
11. abcd-qrst-abcd- uvw xyz
about
big
me
take
abcd
qrst-abcd-
MyString s1("abcd-"), s2, s3("efgh-"), s4(s1);
可以看到需要构造函数,一种是char *,一种是复制构造
在构造函数和析构函数时候需要考虑c h a r ∗ char *char∗的动态分配和删除
MyString(const char* s = NULL) {
if (s) {
str = new char[strlen(s) + 1];
strcpy(str, s);
}
else {
str = new char[1];
str[0] = '\0';
}
}
~MyString() {
if (str) delete[] str;
}
MyString(const MyString& s) {
if (s.str) {
str = new char[strlen(s.str) + 1];
strcpy(str, s.str);
}
else {
str = new char[1];
str[0] = '\0';
}
}
MyString SArray[4] = { "big","me","about","take" };
2.s4 = s3;
和s1 = "ijkl-";
重载=
需要考虑的是如果是s3=s3
的情况需要直接返回,如果不是的话再动态赋值
MyString& operator= (const char* s) {
if (str == s) {
return *this;
}
delete[] str;
if (s) {
str = new char[strlen(s) + 1];
strcpy(str, s);
}
else {
str = new char[1];
str[0] = '\0';
}
return *this;
}
MyString& operator=(const MyString& s) {
if (str == s.str) {
return *this;
}
delete[] str;
if (s.str) {
str = new char[strlen(s.str) + 1];
strcpy(str, s.str);
}
else {
str = new char[1];
str[0] = '\0';
}
return *this;
}
3.
s3 = s1 + s3;
s4 = "qrst-" + s2;
s1 = s2 + s4 + " uvw " + "xyz";
需要重载+
friend MyString operator+ (const MyString& a,const MyString& b) {
char* tmp = new char[strlen(a.str) + strlen(b.str) + 1];
strcpy(tmp, a.str);
strcat(tmp, b.str);
return MyString(tmp);
}
friend MyString operator+ (const char* p, const MyString& s) {
char* tmp = new char[strlen(p) + strlen(s.str) + 1];
strcpy(tmp, p);
strcat(tmp, s.str);
return MyString(tmp);
}
friend MyString operator+ (const MyString& s, const char* p) {
char* tmp = new char[strlen(s.str) + strlen(p) + 1];
strcpy(tmp, s.str);
strcat(tmp, p);
return MyString(tmp);
}
4:
s1[2]
s1[2] = 'A' ;
需要重载[]
,返回引用是保证第二个赋值的实现
char& operator[] (int i) {
return str[i];
}
5:
s1 += "mnop";
需要重载+=
MyString& operator+= (const char* s) {
char* tmp = new char[strlen(str) + 1];
strcpy(tmp, str);
delete[] str;
str = new char[strlen(tmp) + strlen(s) + 1];
strcpy(str, tmp);
strcat(str, s);
return *this;
}
6:
s1(5, 10)
需要重载()
char* operator() (int start, int length) {
char* tmp = new char[length + 1];
for (int i = start; i < start + length; ++i) {
tmp[i - start] = str[i];
}
tmp[length] = '\0';
return tmp;
}
7:
重载流运算符<<
friend ostream& operator<< (ostream& o,const MyString& s) {
o << s.str;
return o;
}
8:
qsort(SArray,4,sizeof(MyString),CompareString);
其中注意到CompareString
里需要重载各个比较运算符
#include
#include
using namespace std;
int strlen(const char* s)
{
int i = 0;
for (; s[i]; ++i);
return i;
}
void strcpy(char* d, const char* s)
{
int i = 0;
for (i = 0; s[i]; ++i)
d[i] = s[i];
d[i] = 0;
}
int strcmp(const char* s1, const char* s2)
{
for (int i = 0; s1[i] && s2[i]; ++i) {
if (s1[i] < s2[i])
return -1;
else if (s1[i] > s2[i])
return 1;
}
return 0;
}
void strcat(char* d, const char* s)
{
int len = strlen(d);
strcpy(d + len, s);
}
class MyString
{
private:
char* str;
public:
MyString(const char* s = NULL) {
if (s) {
str = new char[strlen(s) + 1];
strcpy(str, s);
}
else {
str = new char[1];
str[0] = '\0';
}
}
~MyString() {
if (str) delete[] str;
}
MyString(const MyString& s) {
if (s.str) {
str = new char[strlen(s.str) + 1];
strcpy(str, s.str);
}
else {
str = new char[1];
str[0] = '\0';
}
}
MyString& operator= (const char* s) {
if (str == s) {
return *this;
}
delete[] str;
if (s) {
str = new char[strlen(s) + 1];
strcpy(str, s);
}
else {
str = new char[1];
str[0] = '\0';
}
return *this;
}
MyString& operator=(const MyString& s) {
if (str == s.str) {
return *this;
}
delete[] str;
if (s.str) {
str = new char[strlen(s.str) + 1];
strcpy(str, s.str);
}
else {
str = new char[1];
str[0] = '\0';
}
return *this;
}
friend MyString operator+ (const MyString& a,const MyString& b) {
char* tmp = new char[strlen(a.str) + strlen(b.str) + 1];
strcpy(tmp, a.str);
strcat(tmp, b.str);
return MyString(tmp);
}
friend ostream& operator<< (ostream& o,const MyString& s) {
o << s.str;
return o;
}
char& operator[] (int i) {
return str[i];
}
MyString& operator+= (const char* s) {
char* tmp = new char[strlen(str) + 1];
strcpy(tmp, str);
delete[] str;
str = new char[strlen(tmp) + strlen(s) + 1];
strcpy(str, tmp);
strcat(str, s);
return *this;
}
friend MyString operator+ (const char* p, const MyString& s) {
char* tmp = new char[strlen(p) + strlen(s.str) + 1];
strcpy(tmp, p);
strcat(tmp, s.str);
return MyString(tmp);
}
friend MyString operator+ (const MyString& s, const char* p) {
char* tmp = new char[strlen(s.str) + strlen(p) + 1];
strcpy(tmp, s.str);
strcat(tmp, p);
return MyString(tmp);
}
friend bool operator< (const MyString& s1,const MyString& s2) {
if (strcmp(s1.str, s2.str) < 0) {
return true;
}
else {
return false;
}
}
friend bool operator> (const MyString& s1,const MyString& s2) {
if (strcmp(s1.str, s2.str) > 0) return true;
else
return false;
}
friend bool operator== (const MyString& s1,const MyString& s2) {
if (strcmp(s1.str, s2.str) == 0) return true;
else
return false;
}
char* operator() (int start, int length) {
char* tmp = new char[length + 1];
for (int i = start; i < start + length; ++i) {
tmp[i - start] = str[i];
}
tmp[length] = '\0';
return tmp;
}
};
int CompareString(const void* e1, const void* e2)
{
MyString* s1 = (MyString*)e1;
MyString* s2 = (MyString*)e2;
if (*s1 < *s2)
return -1;
else if (*s1 == *s2)
return 0;
else if (*s1 > * s2)
return 1;
}
int main()
{
MyString s1("abcd-"), s2, s3("efgh-"), s4(s1);
MyString SArray[4] = { "big","me","about","take" };
cout << "1. " << s1 << s2 << s3 << s4 << endl;
s4 = s3;
s3 = s1 + s3;
cout << "2. " << s1 << endl;
cout << "3. " << s2 << endl;
cout << "4. " << s3 << endl;
cout << "5. " << s4 << endl;
cout << "6. " << s1[2] << endl;
s2 = s1;
s1 = "ijkl-";
s1[2] = 'A';
cout << "7. " << s2 << endl;
cout << "8. " << s1 << endl;
s1 += "mnop";
cout << "9. " << s1 << endl;
s4 = "qrst-" + s2;
cout << "10. " << s4 << endl;
s1 = s2 + s4 + " uvw " + "xyz";
cout << "11. " << s1 << endl;
qsort(SArray, 4, sizeof(MyString), CompareString);
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
cout << SArray[i] << endl;
//s1的从下标0开始长度为4的子串
cout << s1(0, 4) << endl;
//s1的从下标5开始长度为10的子串
cout << s1(5, 10) << endl;
return 0;
}
这道题实际上是不难的,难就难在这个程序里面需要重载的运算符是在是太多了!
因为大家可能对以上内容有些不了解,我给大家提供一个关于运算符重载的资料:
除了‘=’运算符以外,其他的运算符重载最好设计成为友元函数。
把‘=’运算符重载为类成员变量,并且将返回值设计成为该类的引用。
一定要自定义一个拷贝构造函数,这样在重载运算符返回对象副本的时候,编译器会自动调用拷贝构造函数,否则会出现结果错误。
友元关系不会被派生类继承。