ADI Blackfin DSP处理器-BF533的开发详解52：图像处理专题-CMOS摄像头采集图像（含源码）
硬件准备
ADSP-EDU-BF533：BF533开发板
AD-HP530ICE：ADI DSP仿真器
软件准备
Visual DSP++软件
硬件链接
功能介绍
板卡上设计了一个摄像头接口，可以连接与板卡匹配的 ADSP-EDU-CMOS 子卡板。摄像头接口采用 20PIN 插针接入，将插针的 PIN3 脚剪去，摄像头子卡板对应的接口被堵上，以防止摄像头板卡反向插入。
ADSP-EDU-CMOS 子卡板采用了 OV9650 CMOS 感光芯片的模组，OV9650 为 OmniVision 公司生产的 130 万像素的摄像头芯片，其最大成像点阵为 1300*1028，其具体参数如表：
OV9650 IIC 器件地址： Slave address W 为 60H ，Slave address R 为 61H
CMOS 和 LCD 公用一个 PPI 接口，采用 CPLD 来切换 PPI 时钟
DEVICE_OE 寄存器（读/写）：
DEVICE_OE 寄存器地址：0x20320000
DEVICE_OE 寄存器设置硬件设备上一些控制管脚的电平状态。
DEVICE_OE 寄存器位功能：
PPI_SET1~0：PPI 选择位
00：选通 CMOS PPI 时钟，使能 CMOS
01：选通 TFT PPI 时钟
选通 板卡为扩展接口的 PPICLK 提供时钟
1x：选通 PPI 时钟由扩展接口输入
选通摄像头需将 PPI_SET0 位设置为 0，PPI_SET1 位设置为 0。
硬件连接示意图
硬件原理图
代码实现功能
代码实现了通过配置 PPI 接口和摄像头，从摄像头采集一幅图像放置到指定的内存中，通过 Visual DSP ++软件的 image viwe 工具，将数据还原为图像。
测试步骤
1． 将仿真器（ICE）与 ADSP-EDU-BF53x 开发板和计算机连接好，将 ADSP-EDU-CMOS 子卡板镜头朝板外接入摄像头接口。
2． 先给 ADSP-EDU-BF53x 开发板上电，再为仿真器（ICE）上电。
3． 运行 VisualDSP++ 5.0 软件，选择合适的 BF53x 的 session 将仿真器与软件连接。
4． 加载 VisualDSP++ 5.0 工程文件 BF53x_CMOS.dpj 文件，编译并全速运行。
测试结果
1．当看到如下信息打印时，将代码停止，选择 Visual DSP++5.0 菜单下“View -->DebugWindows–>image viewer…”选项。
2． 按下图配置选项：
3．点“OK”后会弹出图像输出窗口，待刷新进度到 100%后，即可看到拍到的图片
程序源码
cmos.c
#include
#include"i2c.h"
#define OV9653_ADDRESS 0x60
static i2c_device mcu_i2c;
void init_OV9653(void);
int ov9653_write(unsigned char addr, unsigned char dat);
int ov9653_read(unsigned char addr, unsigned char * buf);
/****************************************************************************
- 名称 ：ov9653_write
- 功能 ： 写ov9653寄存器函数
- 入口参数 ：addr:寄存器偏移地址
dat:寄存器配置值 - 出口参数 ：返回0
/
int ov9653_write(unsigned char addr, unsigned char dat)
{
int ret = -1;
i2c_start(&mcu_i2c);
//send slave address
if(i2c_write(&mcu_i2c, OV9653_ADDRESS, 1)){
i2c_stop(&mcu_i2c);
return ret;
}
//send sub-address to device
if(i2c_write(&mcu_i2c, addr, 1)){
i2c_stop(&mcu_i2c);
return ret;
}
//send data to device
i2c_write(&mcu_i2c, dat, 1);
i2c_stop(&mcu_i2c);
return 0;
}
/ - 名称 ：ov9653_read
- 功能 ： 读ov9653寄存器函数寄存器偏移地址
- 入口参数 ：addr:
buf:寄存器读取数据缓存 - 出口参数 ：返回0
****************************************************************************/
int ov9653_read(unsigned char addr, unsigned char * buf)
{
unsigned char *p = buf;
int ret = -1;
i2c_start(&mcu_i2c);
//send slave address
if(i2c_write(&mcu_i2c, OV9653_ADDRESS, 1)){
i2c_stop(&mcu_i2c);
return ret;
}
//send sub-address of slave
if(i2c_write(&mcu_i2c, addr, 1)){
i2c_stop(&mcu_i2c);
return ret;
}
i2c_stop(&mcu_i2c);
i2c_start(&mcu_i2c);
// send slave address (+1 read mode)
if(i2c_write(&mcu_i2c, OV9653_ADDRESS+1, 1)){
i2c_stop(&mcu_i2c);
return ret;
}
if(i2c_wait_slave(&mcu_i2c, 1000)){
i2c_stop(&mcu_i2c);
return ret;
}
i2c_read(&mcu_i2c, p++, 1); // send ack
i2c_stop(&mcu_i2c);
return 0;
}
/****************************************************************************
-
名称 ：Init_OV9653
-
功能 ： CMOS 130万 内部寄存器配置信息
-
入口参数 ：无
-
出口参数 ：无
****************************************************************************/
void init_OV9653(void)
{
mcu_i2c.sclk = PF0; //时钟PF脚
mcu_i2c.sdata = PF1; //数据PF脚
mcu_i2c.low_ns = 7000; //低电平延时 ns
mcu_i2c.high_ns = 6000; //高电平延时 ns
i2c_init(&mcu_i2c);ov9653_write(0x12,0x80);
ov9653_write(0x12,0x80);
ov9653_write(0x11,0x81);
ov9653_write(0x6b,0x0a);
ov9653_write(0x6a,0x3e);
ov9653_write(0x3b,0x09);
ov9653_write(0x13,0xe0);
ov9653_write(0x01,0x80);
ov9653_write(0x02,0x80);
ov9653_write(0x00,0x00);
ov9653_write(0x10,0x00);
ov9653_write(0x13,0xe5);
ov9653_write(0x39,0x43);
ov9653_write(0x38,0x12);
ov9653_write(0x37,0x00);
ov9653_write(0x35,0x91);
ov9653_write(0x0e,0x20);
ov9653_write(0x1e,0x34);
ov9653_write(0xA8,0x80);
ov9653_write(0x12,0x40);
ov9653_write(0x04,0x00);
ov9653_write(0x0c,0x04);
ov9653_write(0x0d,0x80);
ov9653_write(0x18,0xc6);
ov9653_write(0x17,0x26);
ov9653_write(0x32,0xad);
ov9653_write(0x03,0x00);
ov9653_write(0x1a,0x3d);
ov9653_write(0x19,0x01);
ov9653_write(0x3f,0xa6);
ov9653_write(0x14,0x1a);
ov9653_write(0x15,0x02);
ov9653_write(0x41,0x12);
ov9653_write(0x42,0x08);
ov9653_write(0x1b,0x00);
ov9653_write(0x16,0x06);
ov9653_write(0x33,0xe2);
ov9653_write(0x49,0x60);
ov9653_write(0x34,0x16);
ov9653_write(0x96,0x04);
ov9653_write(0x3a,0x00);
ov9653_write(0x8e,0x00);
ov9653_write(0x3c,0x77);
ov9653_write(0x8B,0x06);
ov9653_write(0x94,0x88);
ov9653_write(0x95,0x88);
ov9653_write(0x40,0xc1);
ov9653_write(0x29,0x3f);
ov9653_write(0x0f,0x42);
ov9653_write(0x3d,0x92);
ov9653_write(0x69,0x40);
ov9653_write(0x5C,0xb9);
ov9653_write(0x5D,0x96);
ov9653_write(0x5E,0x10);
ov9653_write(0x59,0xc0);
ov9653_write(0x5A,0xaf);
ov9653_write(0x5B,0x55);
ov9653_write(0x43,0xf0);
ov9653_write(0x44,0x10);
ov9653_write(0x45,0x68);
ov9653_write(0x46,0x96);
ov9653_write(0x47,0x60);
ov9653_write(0x48,0x80);
ov9653_write(0x5F,0xe0);
ov9653_write(0x60,0x8c);
ov9653_write(0x61,0x20);
ov9653_write(0xa5,0xd9);
ov9653_write(0xa4,0x74);
ov9653_write(0x8d,0xc2);
ov9653_write(0x13,0xe7);
ov9653_write(0x4f,0x3a);
ov9653_write(0x50,0x3d);
ov9653_write(0x51,0x03);
ov9653_write(0x52,0x12);
ov9653_write(0x53,0x26);
ov9653_write(0x54,0x38);
ov9653_write(0x55,0x40);
ov9653_write(0x56,0x40);
ov9653_write(0x57,0x40);
ov9653_write(0x58,0x0d);
ov9653_write(0x8C,0x23);
ov9653_write(0x3E,0x02);
ov9653_write(0xa9,0xb8);
ov9653_write(0xaa,0x92);
ov9653_write(0xab,0x0a);
ov9653_write(0x8f,0xdf);
ov9653_write(0x90,0x00);
ov9653_write(0x91,0x00);
ov9653_write(0x9f,0x00);
ov9653_write(0xa0,0x00);
ov9653_write(0x3A,0x01);
ov9653_write(0x24,0x80);
ov9653_write(0x25,0x70);
ov9653_write(0x26,0xd3);
ov9653_write(0x2a,0x10);
ov9653_write(0x2b,0x40);
ov9653_write(0x6c,0x40);
ov9653_write(0x6d,0x30);
ov9653_write(0x6e,0x4b);
ov9653_write(0x6f,0x60);
ov9653_write(0x70,0x70);
ov9653_write(0x71,0x70);
ov9653_write(0x72,0x70);
ov9653_write(0x73,0x70);
ov9653_write(0x74,0x60);
ov9653_write(0x75,0x60);
ov9653_write(0x76,0x50);
ov9653_write(0x77,0x48);
ov9653_write(0x78,0x3a);
ov9653_write(0x79,0x2e);
ov9653_write(0x7a,0x28);
ov9653_write(0x7b,0x22);
ov9653_write(0x7c,0x04);
ov9653_write(0x7d,0x07);
ov9653_write(0x7e,0x10);
ov9653_write(0x7f,0x28);
ov9653_write(0x80,0x36);
ov9653_write(0x81,0x44);
ov9653_write(0x82,0x52);
ov9653_write(0x83,0x60);
ov9653_write(0x84,0x6c);
ov9653_write(0x85,0x78);
ov9653_write(0x86,0x8c);
ov9653_write(0x87,0x9e);
ov9653_write(0x88,0xbb);
ov9653_write(0x89,0xd2);
ov9653_write(0x8a,0xe6);}
cpu.c
#include
/**********************************************************************************
- 名称 ：Set_PLL
- 功能 ：初始化内核时钟和系统时钟
- 入口参数 ：pmsel pssel 设置参数
- 出口参数 ：无
***********/
void Set_PLL(int pmsel,int pssel)
{
int new_PLL_CTL;
pPLL_DIV = pssel;
asm(“ssync;”);
new_PLL_CTL = (pmsel & 0x3f) << 9;
pSIC_IWR |= 0xffffffff;
if (new_PLL_CTL != pPLL_CTL)
{
pPLL_CTL = new_PLL_CTL;
asm(“ssync;”);
asm(“idle;”);
}
}
/ - 名称 ：Setup_Flags
- 功能 ：初始化PF口
- 入口参数 ：无
- 出口参数 ：无
****************************************************************************/
void Setup_Flags(void)
{
*pFIO_INEN = 0x0020;
*pFIO_DIR = 0x001f;
*pFIO_EDGE = 0x0000;
*pFIO_MASKA_S = 0x0020;
*pFIO_POLAR = 0x0020;
}
/****************************************************************************
- 名称 ：Init_EBIU
- 功能 ：初始化并允许异步BANK存储器工作
- 入口参数 ：无
- 出口参数 ：无
****************************************************************************/
void Init_EBIU(void)
{
*pEBIU_AMBCTL0 = 0x7bb07bb0;
*pEBIU_AMBCTL1 = 0xffc0ffc0;
*pEBIU_AMGCTL = 0x000f;
}
/****************************************************************************
- 名称 ：Init_SDRAM
- 功能 ：初始化SDRAM
- 入口参数 ：无
- 出口参数 ：无
****************************************************************************/
void Init_SDRAM(void)
{
*pEBIU_SDRRC = 0x00000817;
*pEBIU_SDBCTL = 0x00000013;
*pEBIU_SDGCTL = 0x0091998d;
ssync();
}
/****************************************************************************
- 名称 ： delay
- 功能 ： 延时函数
- 入口参数 ：无
- 返回值 ：无
****************************************************************************/
void delay(unsigned int tem)
{
int i;
for(i=0;i
}
iic.c
#include
#include “i2c.h”
#define CORE_CLK_IN 25 * 1000 * 1000
#define SET_PF(pf)
do{
*pFIO_FLAG_S = (pf);
ssync();
}while(0)
#define CLR_PF(pf)
do{
*pFIO_FLAG_C = (pf);
ssync();
}while(0)
#define SET_PF_OUTPUT(pf)
do{
*pFIO_INEN &= ~(pf);
*pFIO_DIR |= (pf);
ssync();
}while(0)
#define SET_PF_INPUT(pf)
do{
*pFIO_DIR &= ~(pf);
*pFIO_INEN |= (pf);
ssync();
}while(0)
int get_core_clk(void)
{
int tempPLLCTL;
int _DF;
int VCO;
int MSEL1;
tempPLLCTL = *pPLL_CTL;
MSEL1 = ((tempPLLCTL & 0x7E00) >> 9);
_DF = tempPLLCTL & 0x0001;
VCO = MSEL1 * __CORE_CLK_IN__;
if(_DF == 1)
VCO /= 2;
return VCO;
}
void delay_ns(unsigned int core_clock, unsigned long long count)
{
count *= core_clock;
count /= 1000000000;
while(count–);
}
int _get_sdata(i2c_device * dev)
{
return ((*pFIO_FLAG_D & dev->sdata) ? 1 : 0);
}
void i2c_init(i2c_device * dev)
{
dev->core_clock = get_core_clk();
dev->delay_ns = delay_ns;
*pFIO_DIR |= dev->sclk | dev->sdata;
ssync();
}
void i2c_deinit(i2c_device * dev)
{
dev->sclk = 0;
dev->sdata = 0;
*pFIO_DIR &= ~(dev->sclk | dev->sdata);
ssync();
}
void i2c_start(i2c_device * dev)
{
SET_PF_OUTPUT(dev->sdata);
SET_PF_OUTPUT(dev->sclk);
SET_PF(dev->sdata);
SET_PF(dev->sclk);
delay_ns(dev->core_clock, dev->high_ns);
CLR_PF(dev->sdata);
delay_ns(dev->core_clock, dev->low_ns);
CLR_PF(dev->sclk);
delay_ns(dev->core_clock, dev->low_ns);
}
void i2c_stop(i2c_device * dev)
{
CLR_PF(dev->sclk);
delay_ns(dev->core_clock, dev->low_ns);
SET_PF_OUTPUT(dev->sdata);
CLR_PF(dev->sdata);
delay_ns(dev->core_clock, dev->low_ns);
SET_PF_INPUT(dev->sclk);
delay_ns(dev->core_clock, dev->high_ns);
SET_PF_INPUT(dev->sdata);
delay_ns(dev->core_clock, dev->high_ns);
}
int i2c_read_ack(i2c_device * dev)
{
int ret = 0;
SET_PF_INPUT(dev->sdata);
delay_ns(dev->core_clock, dev->high_ns/3);
SET_PF(dev->sclk);
delay_ns(dev->core_clock, dev->high_ns/3);
ret = _get_sdata(dev);
delay_ns(dev->core_clock, dev->high_ns/3);
CLR_PF(dev->sclk);
delay_ns(dev->core_clock, dev->low_ns);
SET_PF_OUTPUT(dev->sdata);
return ret;
}
int i2c_wait_slave(i2c_device * dev, unsigned int time_out)
{
int ret;
int count = time_out * 2 / dev->high_ns;
SET_PF_INPUT(dev->sclk);
delay_ns(dev->core_clock, dev->high_ns/2);
do{
ret = *pFIO_FLAG_D & dev->sclk;
if(ret)
break;
delay_ns(dev->core_clock, dev->high_ns/2);
}while(count--);
SET_PF_OUTPUT(dev->sclk);
return !ret;
}
void i2c_write_ack(i2c_device * dev)
{
SET_PF_OUTPUT(dev->sdata);
CLR_PF(dev->sdata);
delay_ns(dev->core_clock, dev->high_ns/2);
SET_PF(dev->sclk);
delay_ns(dev->core_clock, dev->high_ns);
CLR_PF(dev->sclk);
delay_ns(dev->core_clock, dev->low_ns);
}
int i2c_write(i2c_device * dev, unsigned char value, int need_ack)
{
int ret = -1;
unsigned char index;
SET_PF_OUTPUT(dev->sdata);
//send 8 bits to slave
for(index = 0; index < 8; index++){
//send one bit to the i2c bus
if((value<sdata);
} else {
CLR_PF(dev->sdata);
}
delay_ns(dev->core_clock, dev->low_ns/2);
SET_PF(dev->sclk);
delay_ns(dev->core_clock, dev->high_ns);
CLR_PF(dev->sclk);
delay_ns(dev->core_clock, dev->low_ns/2);
}
if(need_ack){
ret = i2c_read_ack(dev);
}
return ret;
}
int i2c_read(i2c_device * dev, unsigned char * value, int send_ack)
{
unsigned char index;
*value = 0x00;
SET_PF_INPUT(dev->sdata);
delay_ns(dev->core_clock, dev->high_ns/2);
//get 8 bits from the device
for(index = 0; index < 8; index++){
SET_PF(dev->sclk);
delay_ns(dev->core_clock, dev->high_ns/2);
*value <<= 1;
*value |= _get_sdata(dev);
delay_ns(dev->core_clock, dev->high_ns/2);
CLR_PF(dev->sclk);
delay_ns(dev->core_clock, dev->low_ns);
}
// send ack to slave
if(send_ack){
i2c_write_ack(dev);
}
return *value;
}
main.c
#include
/****************************************************************************
- 名称 ：main
- 功能 ：初始化各函数，实现图象捕捉
- 入口参数 ：无
- 出口参数 ：无
****************************************************************************/
void main()
{
Set_PLL(16,4) ;
Setup_Flags();
Init_EBIU();
Init_SDRAM();
Init_Interrupts();
printf( “\n initialize success!\n” );
IIC_Enable();
init_OV9653();
printf( “\nCMOS initialize success!\n” );
CMOS_Enable();
Video_Frame_Capture();
while(1);
}
ppi.c
#include
#include
EX_INTERRUPT_HANDLER(DMA0_PPI_ISR);
/****************************************************************************
- 名称 ：Init_Timers
- 功能 ：初始化TIMER0 为PWM模式。
- 入口参数 ：无
- 出口参数 ：无
****/
void Init_Timers(void)
{
pTIMER0_CONFIG = 0x0019;
pTIMER0_PERIOD = 0x00800000;
pTIMER0_WIDTH = 0x00400000;
pTIMER_ENABLE = 0x0001;
}
/ - 名称 ：Init_Interrupts
- 功能 ： DMA0 PPI interrupt 允许
- 入口参数 ：无
- 出口参数 ：无
****************************************************************************/
void Init_Interrupts(void)
{
*pSIC_IAR0 = *pSIC_IAR0 & 0xffffffff | 0x00000000;
*pSIC_IAR1 = *pSIC_IAR1 & 0xffffffff | 0x00000001;
*pSIC_IAR2 = *pSIC_IAR2 & 0xffffffff | 0x00000000;
register_handler(ik_ivg8, DMA0_PPI_ISR);
*pSIC_IMASK=0x00000100;
}
/****************************************************************************
- 名称 ：Video_Frame_Capture
- 功能 ： 初始化PPI控制器 初始化DMA0控制器
- 入口参数 ：无
- 出口参数 ：无
****************************************************************************/
void Video_Frame_Capture(void)
{
*pPPI_FRAME = 480;
*pPPI_COUNT = 1279;
*pPPI_DELAY = 0;
*pPPI_CONTROL = 0x01AC;
*pDMA0_START_ADDR = 0;
*pDMA0_X_COUNT = 640;
*pDMA0_X_MODIFY = 0x2;
*pDMA0_Y_COUNT = 480;
*pDMA0_Y_MODIFY = 0x2;
*pDMA0_PERIPHERAL_MAP = 0x0;
*pDMA0_CONFIG = WNR | WDSIZE_16| DMA2D | RESTART | DI_EN;
*pDMA0_CONFIG |= DMAEN;
ssync();
*pPPI_CONTROL |= PORT_EN;
ssync();
}
/****************************************************************************
- 名称 ：EX_INTERRUPT_HANDLER
- 功能 ： 中断函数 清 DMA 中断标志,关PPI
- 入口参数 ：无
- 出口参数 ：无
****************************************************************************/
EX_INTERRUPT_HANDLER(DMA0_PPI_ISR)
{
*pDMA0_IRQ_STATUS = 0x1;
*pPPI_CONTROL &= 0xfffe;
printf( “\nSuccess Capture One Frame: 640 * 480\n”);
printf( " YUYV422(YUV422) Format\n" );
printf( " The data address is 0 \n" );
}