学习java中的类图-KFC点餐系统
一．问题描述
同学们应该都去麦当劳或肯德基吃过快餐吧？请同学们参考肯德基官网的信息模拟肯德基快餐店的收银系统，合理使用C++或Java或Python结合设计模式（2种以上）至少实现系统的以下功能：
1.正常餐品结算和找零。
2.基本套餐结算和找零。
3.使用优惠劵购买餐品结算和找零。
4.可在一定时间段参与店内活动（自行设计或参考官网信息）。
5.模拟打印小票的功能（写到文件中）。
基本要求：
1.程序设计风格良好，控制台界面友好。
2.实现功能测试代码，确保程序的健壮性。
3.画出使用的设计模式图。
二.类图
三.代码
1.AbstractFood
public abstract class AbstractFood {
//类别
protected String kind;
//数量
protected int num;
//价格
protected float price;
//合计
public float totalPrice(){
return this.num*this.price;
}
}
2.Food
public interface Food {
//打印输出食物信息
String printMessage();
}
3.Factory
public interface Factory {
public interface factory{
//生产汉堡
public Hamburger createHamburger(int num);
//生产鸡肉类食物
public Chicken createChicken(int num);
//生产甜点
public Dessert createDessert(int num);
//生产饮品
public Drinks createDrinks(int num);
}
public Hamburger createZingerBurger(int num);
public Hamburger createBeefBurger(int num);
public Hamburger createOrleansBurger(int num);
public Hamburger createShrimpBurger(int num);
public Chicken createDrumStick(int num);
public Chicken createChickenWings(int num);
public Chicken createPopcornChicken(int num);
public Dessert createChips(int num);
public Dessert createEggTart(int num);
public Dessert createSundae(int num);
public Drinks createMilky(int num);
public Drinks createKola(int num);
public Drinks createCoffee(int num);
public Combo createOneCombo(int num);
public Combo createTwoCombo(int num);
public Combo createThreeCombo(int num);
}
4.KFCFactory
//具体工厂
public class KFCFactory implements Factory {
//生产香辣鸡腿堡
public ZingerBurger createZingerBurger(int num){
return new ZingerBurger(num);
}
//生产超级牛肉堡
public BeefBurger createBeefBurger(int num){
return new BeefBurger(num);
}
//生产奥尔良烤鸡腿堡
public OrleansBurger createOrleansBurger(int num){
return new OrleansBurger(num);
}
//生产全虾堡
public ShrimpBurger createShrimpBurger(int num){
return new ShrimpBurger(num);
}
//生产奥尔良鸡翅
public ChickenWings createChickenWings(int num){
return new ChickenWings(num);
}
//生产烤鸡腿
public DrumStick createDrumStick(int num){
return new DrumStick(num);
}
//生产鸡米花
public PopcornChicken createPopcornChicken(int num){
return new PopcornChicken(num);
}
//生产薯条
public Chips createChips(int num){
return new Chips(num);
}
//生产蛋挞
public EggTart createEggTart(int num){
return new EggTart(num);
}
//生产圣代
public Sundae createSundae(int num){
return new Sundae(num);
}
//生产奶茶
public Milky createMilky(int num){
return new Milky(num);
}
//生产可乐
public Kola createKola(int num){
return new Kola(num);
}
//生产咖啡
public Coffee createCoffee(int num){
return new Coffee(num);
}
//生产单人套餐
public OneCombo createOneCombo(int num){
return new OneCombo(num);
}
//生产双人套餐
public TwoCombo createTwoCombo(int num){
return new TwoCombo(num);
}
//生产三人套餐
public ThreeCombo createThreeCombo(int num){
return new ThreeCombo(num);
}
}
5.Hamburger
//汉堡类
public abstract class Hamburger extends AbstractFood implements Food{
public String printMessage(){
return("--"+this.kind+" 单价："+this.price+
" 数量："+this.num+" 合计："+this.totalPrice());
}
}
6.Chicken
//鸡肉类
public abstract class Chicken extends AbstractFood implements Food {
public String printMessage(){
return("--"+this.kind+" 单价："+this.price+
" 数量："+this.num+" 合计："+this.totalPrice());
}
}
7.Combo
//套餐
public abstract class Combo extends AbstractFood implements Food {
public String printMessage(){
return("--"+this.kind+" 单价："+this.price+
" 数量："+this.num+" 合计："+this.totalPrice());
}
}
8.BeefBurger
//超级牛肉堡
public class BeefBurger extends Hamburger {
public BeefBurger(int num){
this.kind="超级牛肉堡";
this.price=17f;
this.num=num;
}
}
9.ChickenWings
//奥尔良烤翅
public class ChickenWings extends Chicken {
public ChickenWings(int num){
this.kind="奥尔良烤翅";
this.price=6f;
this.num=num;
}
}
10.EggTart
//蛋挞
public class EggTart extends Dessert {
public EggTart(int num){
this.kind="蛋挞";
this.price=6f;
this.num=num;
}
}
11.ThreeCombo
//三人套餐
public class ThreeCombo extends Combo {
public ThreeCombo(int num){
this.kind="三人套餐";
this.price=109f;
this.num=num;
}
}
12.Quest
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.*;
import java.util.Scanner;
import 程序设计方法与优化.肯德基点餐系统.Customer;
public class Quest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
try{
Factory factory = new KFCFactory();
Customer customer = new Customer(factory);
//创建输出流对象
FileWriter file = new FileWriter("E:\\大二下\\程序设计优化\\肯德基点餐系统\\Information.txt");
//字符缓冲输出流
BufferedWriter bw = new BufferedWriter(file);
float ZingerBurger = 0;
float OrleansBurger = 0;
float BeefBurger = 0;
float ShrimpBurger = 0;
float ChickenWings = 0;
float DrumStick = 0;
float PopcornChicken = 0;
float Chips = 0;
float EggTart = 0;
float Sundae = 0;
float Kola = 0;
float Milky = 0;
float Coffee = 0;
float OneCombo = 0;
float TwoCombo = 0;
float ThreeCombo = 0;
Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
bw.write("-------------------------------欢迎光临肯德基店----------------------------------");
bw.newLine();
bw.write("*******************************菜单******************************************");
bw.newLine();
bw.write("========================汉堡类：===================");
bw.newLine();
bw.write("----1.香辣鸡腿堡-----------------------------15.0元");
bw.newLine();
bw.write( "----2.奥尔良烤鸡腿堡------------------------17.0元");
bw.newLine();
bw.write("----3.超级牛肉堡-----------------------------17.0元");
bw.newLine();
bw.write( "----4.全虾堡---------------------------------17.0元");
bw.newLine();
bw.write("========================鸡肉类：===================");
bw.newLine();
bw.write("----5.奥尔良烤翅------------------------------6.0元");
bw.newLine();
bw.write("----6.烤鸡腿----------------------------------12.0元");
bw.newLine();
bw.write( "----7.鸡米花--------------------------------11.0元");
bw.newLine();
bw.write("========================甜点类：===================");
bw.newLine();
bw.write("----8.薯条------------------------------------8.0元");
bw.newLine();
bw.write("----9.蛋挞------------------------------------4.0元");
bw.newLine();
bw.write("----10.圣代-----------------------------------6.0元");
bw.newLine();
bw.write("========================饮品类：===================");
bw.newLine();
bw.write("----11.可乐-----------------------------------6.0元");
bw.newLine();
bw.write("----12.奶茶-----------------------------------6.0元");
bw.newLine();
bw.write("----13.咖啡----------------------------------12.0元");
bw.newLine();
bw.write("========================套餐类：===================");
bw.newLine();
bw.write("----14.单人套餐------------------------------33.0元");
bw.newLine();
bw.write(" 1个香辣鸡腿堡+1个烤鸡腿+1包薯条+1杯可乐/奶茶(任点) ");
bw.newLine();
bw.write("----15.双人套餐-------------------------------54.0元");
bw.newLine();
bw.write(" 1个香辣鸡腿堡+1个奥尔良烤鸡腿堡/超级牛肉堡/全虾堡(任点)");
bw.newLine();
bw.write( " 1对奥尔良鸡翅+2个蛋挞+2杯可乐/奶茶（任点）" );
bw.newLine();
bw.write("----16.三人套餐------------------------------109.0元");
bw.newLine();
bw.write(" 3个奥尔良烤鸡腿堡/超级牛肉堡/全虾堡（任点） ");
bw.newLine();
bw.write( " 1对奥尔良鸡翅+1个烤鸡腿+1包鸡米花" );
bw.newLine();
bw.write( " 1包薯条+2杯圣代+2杯可乐/奶茶（任点）+1杯咖啡" );
bw.newLine();
bw.write("***********************************************************************************");
bw.newLine();
System.out.println("请选择序号点餐：");
int a = input.nextInt();
System.out.println("请选择数量：");
int b = input.nextInt();
switch (a) {
case 1:
//香辣鸡腿堡
ZingerBurger = customer.orderZingerBurger(b);
break;
case 2:
//奥尔良烤鸡腿堡
OrleansBurger = customer.orderOrleansBurger(b);
break;
case 3:
//超级牛肉煲
BeefBurger = customer.orderBeefBurger(b);
break;
case 4:
//全虾堡
ShrimpBurger = customer.orderShrimpBurger(b);
break;
case 5:
//奥尔良烤鸡翅
ChickenWings = customer.orderChickenWings(b);
break;
case 6:
//烤鸡腿
DrumStick = customer.orderDrumStick(b);
break;
case 7:
//鸡米花
PopcornChicken = customer.orderPopcornChicken(b);
break;
case 8:
//薯条
Chips = customer.orderChips(b);
break;
case 9:
//蛋挞
EggTart = customer.orderEggTart(b);
break;
case 10:
//圣代
Sundae = customer.orderSundae(b);
break;
case 11:
//可乐
Kola = customer.orderKola(b);
break;
case 12:
//奶茶
Milky = customer.orderMilky(b);
break;
case 13:
//咖啡
Coffee = customer.orderCoffee(b);
break;
case 14:
//单人套餐
OneCombo = customer.orderOneCombo(b);
break;
case 15:
//双人套餐
TwoCombo = customer.orderTwoCombo(b);
break;
case 16:
//三人套餐
ThreeCombo = customer.orderThreeCombo(b);
break;
}
System.out.println("请选择是否继续点餐？1：是 2：否");
int c = input.nextInt();
float money1 = ZingerBurger + OrleansBurger + BeefBurger + ShrimpBurger;
float money2 = ChickenWings + DrumStick + PopcornChicken;
float money3 = Chips + EggTart + Sundae;
float money4 = Kola + Milky + Coffee;
float money5 = OneCombo + TwoCombo + ThreeCombo;
float money = money1 + money2 + money3 + money4 + money5;
System.out.println("您的本次账单为：" + money);
System.out.println("请问您是否具有优惠券？1：是 2：否");
int m = input.nextInt();
double d = 0;
if (m == 1) {
System.out.println("请输入优惠券金额:");
d=input.nextDouble();
}
System.out.println("您的支付金额为：");
double f = input.nextDouble();
double changes = f - money + d;
System.out.println("找零：" + changes);
/* if (c != 1) {
break;
}*/
bw.write("######################账单如下#########################");
bw.newLine();
bw.write("您的餐品为：");
bw.newLine();
bw.write("您本次餐品总计："+money+"元");
bw.newLine();
bw.write("您此次优惠券金额为："+d+"元");
bw.newLine();
bw.write("您的实付金额为："+f+"元");
bw.newLine();
bw.write("找零："+changes+"元");
bw.newLine();
bw.write(" 欢迎下次光临！ ");
bw.flush();
bw.close();
}catch (FileNotFoundException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}catch (IOException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
这里我只列举了部分代码，其他部分与其类似。
四.调试
五.测试
1.菜单
2.小票
六.总结
首先，我创建了一个类AbstractFactory:在这个类里面实现各种食品的数量、类别、单价、总价。其次是Food接口：在这个接口里面打印食品信息。在接口Factory工厂里面实现各个食品的生产，同时也包括食品下的各个类别的生产。然后有各个实现接口Food的食品类:Hamburger,Chicken,Dessert,Drinks,Combo这些。KFCFactory类实现接口Factory里具体食品的生产数量。
然后下面就是具体的食品类：
Hamburger类下面有四个子类：ZungerBurger,BeefBurger,OrleanBurger,ShrimpBurger;
Chicken类下面有三个子类：ChickenWings,DrumStick,PopcornChicken
Dessert下面有三个子类：Chips,EggTart,Sundae
Drinks下面有三个子类：Kola,Milky,Coffee
Combo下面有三个子类：OneCombo,TwoCombo,ThreeCombo
用到的关系模式有：继承，接口，聚合。
通过这个程序，能够更好地理解简单工厂模式，工厂方法模式以及抽象工厂。