python图像腐蚀处理,Python OpenCV实例：图像腐蚀（数学公式基本实现）
Python OpenCV实例：图像腐蚀(数学公式基本实现)
Python OpenCV实例：图像腐蚀(数学公式基本实现)
为什么80%的码农都做不了架构师？>>>
#coding:utf-8
'''
二值图像的腐蚀运算
定义：
g(x,y) = erode[f(x,y),B] = AND[Bf(x,y)]
其中，g(x,y)为腐蚀后的二值图像，f(x,y)为原始二值图像
B为结构元素，Bf(x,y)定义为
Bf(x,y) = {f(x - bx,y-by),(bx,by)∈B}
算子AND(x(i),...,x(n))定义为：当且仅当x(1) = ... = x(n) = 1时，
AND(x(1),...,x(n))等于1，否则为0
结构元素选择的原则往往是具有旋转不变性，或者镜像不变性。也就是说，结构元素
原点在其几何中心处理，并且其他像素关于该原点对你。常用到的结构元素：
1、水平单列；2、垂直单列；3、十字形；4、方形
'''
import cv2
import numpy as np
# 3位水平方向结构元素
def erode_horizontal_3x1(image):
img_gray = cv2.cvtColor(image,cv2.COLOR_RGB2GRAY)
rows,cols = img_gray.shape
gray_flat = img_gray.reshape((rows * cols,))
# 创建空白图像
dist = np.full(img_gray.shape,fill_value=255,dtype=img_gray.dtype).reshape((rows * cols,))
x_coord = np.arange(1,cols-1)
for i in range(rows):
for j in x_coord:
mid = gray_flat[i * cols + j]
lft = gray_flat[i * cols + j + 1]
rgt = gray_flat[i * cols + j - 1]
if mid == 0 and lft == 0 and rgt == 0:
dist[i * cols + j] = 0
return dist.reshape((rows,cols))
# 5位水平方向结构元素
def erode_horizontal_5x1(image):
img_gray = cv2.cvtColor(image,cv2.COLOR_RGB2GRAY)
rows,cols = img_gray.shape
gray_flat = img_gray.reshape((rows * cols,))
# 创建空白图像
dist = np.full(img_gray.shape,fill_value=255,dtype=img_gray.dtype).reshape((rows * cols,))
x_coord = np.arange(2,cols-2)
for i in range(rows):
for j in x_coord:
lft2 = gray_flat[i * cols + j -2]
rgt = gray_flat[i * cols + j - 1]
mid = gray_flat[i * cols + j]
lft = gray_flat[i * cols + j + 1]
rgt2 = gray_flat[i * cols + j + 2]
if mid == 0 and lft == 0 and rgt == 0 and lft2 == 0 and rgt2 == 0:
dist[i * cols + j] = 0
return dist.reshape((rows,cols))
# 3位垂直方向结构元素
def erode_vertical_3x1(image):
img_gray = cv2.cvtColor(image,cv2.COLOR_RGB2GRAY)
rows,cols = img_gray.shape
gray_flat = img_gray.reshape((rows * cols,))
# 创建空白图像
dist = np.full(img_gray.shape,fill_value=255,dtype=img_gray.dtype).reshape((rows * cols,))
y_coord = np.arange(1,rows-1)
for i in y_coord:
for j in range(cols):
mid = gray_flat[i * cols + j]
lft = gray_flat[(i + 1) * cols + j]
rgt = gray_flat[(i - 1) * cols + j]
if mid == 0 and lft == 0 and rgt == 0:
dist[i * cols + j] = 0
return dist.reshape((rows,cols))
# 5位垂直方向结构元素
def erode_vertical_5x1(image):
img_gray = cv2.cvtColor(image,cv2.COLOR_RGB2GRAY)
rows,cols = img_gray.shape
gray_flat = img_gray.reshape((rows * cols,))
# 创建空白图像
dist = np.full(img_gray.shape,fill_value=255,dtype=img_gray.dtype).reshape((rows * cols,))
y_coord = np.arange(2,rows - 2)
for i in y_coord:
for j in range(cols):
lft2 = gray_flat[(i - 2) * cols + j]
rgt = gray_flat[(i - 1) * cols + j]
mid = gray_flat[i * cols + j]
lft = gray_flat[(i + 1) * cols + j]
rgt2 = gray_flat[(i + 2) * cols + j]
if mid == 0 and lft == 0 and rgt == 0 and lft2 == 0 and rgt2 == 0:
dist[i * cols + j] = 0
return dist.reshape((rows,cols))
# 3位方形结构元素
def erode_cross_3x3(image):
img_gray = cv2.cvtColor(image,cv2.COLOR_RGB2GRAY)
rows,cols = img_gray.shape
gray_flat = img_gray.reshape((rows * cols,))
# 创建空白图像
dist = np.full(img_gray.shape,fill_value=255,dtype=img_gray.dtype).reshape((rows * cols,))
y_coord = np.arange(1,rows - 1)
x_coord = np.arange(1,cols - 1)
for i in y_coord:
for j in x_coord:
p1 = gray_flat[i * cols + j]
p2 = gray_flat[(i - 1) * cols + j]
p3 = gray_flat[(i + 1) * cols + j]
p4 = gray_flat[i * cols + (j - 1)]
p5 = gray_flat[(i - 1) * cols + (j - 1)]
p6 = gray_flat[(i + 1) * cols + (j - 1)]
p7 = gray_flat[(i - 1) * cols + (j + 1)]
p8 = gray_flat[i * cols + (j + 1)]
p9 = gray_flat[(i + 1) * cols + (j + 1)]
if p1 == 0 and p2 == 0 and p3 == 0 and \
p4 == 0 and p5 == 0 and p6 == 0 and \
p7 == 0 and p8 == 0 and p9 == 0:
dist[i * cols + j] = 0
return dist.reshape((rows,cols))
src = cv2.imread('datas/b.png')
dist_h3x1 = erode_horizontal_3x1(src)
dist_h5x1 = erode_horizontal_5x1(src)
dist_v3x1 = erode_vertical_3x1(src)
dist_v5x1 = erode_vertical_5x1(src)
dist_c3x3 = erode_cross_3x3(src)
cv2.imshow('src',src)
cv2.imshow('horizontal-3x1',dist_h3x1)
cv2.imshow('horizontal-5x1',dist_h5x1)
cv2.imshow('vertical-3x1',dist_v3x1)
cv2.imshow('vertical-5x1',dist_v5x1)
cv2.imshow('cross-3x3',dist_c3x3)
cv2.waitKey()
cv2.destroyAllWindows()
转载于:https://my.oschina.net/wujux/blog/1798088
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