3.19 BGP协议的故障排除调试（1-基础配置）
#BGP排障思路：1.检查BGP邻居关系是否正常；2.检查BGP路由是否正常；3.最后检查BGP协议和其他路由协议的协同方面的问题。
#检查邻居关系时，必须先确认TCP连接没问题。还得注意，BGP对等体双方的参数是否一致和EBGP对等体之间的跳数限制等；
#路由故障诊断的基本手段是检查路由表，用实际路由条目和预期路由表进行比较，发现故障线索。
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1、基础设置
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R1:
sys
sysname R1
int loop 0
ip add 10.0.1.1 32
int loop 1
ip add 20.0.1.1 32
int g0/0/0
ip add 10.0.12.1 24
q
undo info-cen en
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R2:
sys
sysname R2
int loop 0
ip add 10.0.2.2 32
int g0/0/0
ip add 10.0.12.2 24
int g0/0/1
ip add 10.0.23.2 24
q
undo info-cen en
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R3:
sys
sysname R3
int loop 0
ip add 10.0.3.3 32
int g0/0/1
ip add 10.0.23.3 24
int g0/0/0
ip add 10.0.34.3 24
q
undo info-cen en
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R4:
sys
sysname R4
int loop 0
ip add 10.0.4.4 32
int g0/0/0
ip add 10.0.34.4 24
int g0/0/1
ip add 10.0.45.4 24
q
undo info-cen en
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R5:
sys
sysname R5
int loop 0
ip add 10.0.5.5 32
int loop 1
ip add 20.0.5.5 32
int g0/0/1
ip add 10.0.45.5 24
q
undo info-cen en
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AS 100配置OSPF路由协议
R2：
ospf 1 router-id 10.0.2.2
area 0
network 10.0.23.2 0.0.0.0
network 10.0.2.2 0.0.0.0
return
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R3：
ospf 1 router-id 10.0.3.3
area 0
network 10.0.23.3 0.0.0.0
network 10.0.34.3 0.0.0.0
network 10.0.3.3 0.0.0.0
return
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R4：
ospf 1 router-id 10.0.4.4
area 0
network 10.0.34.4 0.0.0.0
network 10.0.4.4 0.0.0.0
return
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R3：
dis ospf peer
dis ospf routing
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2、配置BGP路由协议并设置故障点
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故障点：
#故障1，制造R1与R2认证密码不匹配；
#故障2，没有解除R1与R2的EBGP关系多跳限制；
#故障3，R1向R2传递携带团体属性no-advertise的路由
#故障4，R2向R4传递路由不修改下一跳地址；
#故障5，R5的bgp对等体R4的AS编号错误；
#故障6，R5缺少去往R4（10.0.4.4）的路由.
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R1：
bgp 10
router-id 10.0.1.1
peer 10.0.2.2 as-number 100
peer 10.0.2.2 connect-int loop 0
peer 10.0.2.2 password simple lemon2 #制造R1与R2认证密码不匹配
peer 10.0.2.2 route-policy 1 export
peer 10.0.2.2 advertise-community
network 20.0.1.1 32
route-policy 1 permit node 10
apply community no-advertise #R1向R2传递携带团体属性no-advertise的路由
ip route-static 10.0.2.2 255.255.255.255 10.0.12.2
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R2：
bgp 100
router-id 10.0.2.2
peer 10.0.1.1 as-number 10
peer 10.0.1.1 connect-int loop 0
peer 10.0.1.1 password simple lemon3 #制造R1与R2认证密码不匹配
peer 10.0.4.4 as-number 10
peer 10.0.4.4 connect-int loop 0
peer 10.0.4.4 advertise-community
peer 10.0.4.4 password simple lemon3
ip route-static 10.0.1.1 255.255.255.255 10.0.12.1
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R4:
bgp 100
route-id 10.0.4.4
peer 10.0.2.2 as-number 100
peer 10.0.2.2 connect-int loop 0
peer 10.0.2.2 next-hop-local
peer 10.0.2.2 password simple lemon2
peer 10.0.5.5 as-number 50
peer 10.0.5.5 connect-int loop 0
peer 10.0.5.5 ebgp-max-hop
peer 10.0.5.5 password simple lemon2
ip route-static 10.0.5.5 255.255.255.255 10.0.45.5
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R5:
bgp 50
route-id 10.0.5.5
peer 10.0.4.4 as-number 1000
peer 10.0.4.4 connect-int loop 0
peer 10.0.4.4 ebgp-max-hop
peer 10.0.4.4 password simple lemon2
ip route-static 20.0.5.5 255.255.255.255
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