1、自建yum仓库，分别为网络源和本地源
（1）配置本地光盘作为yum仓库
[root@localhost ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# ls
CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-CR.repo CentOS-Debuginfo.repo CentOS-fasttrack.repo
CentOS-Media.repo CentOS-Sources.repo CentOS-Vault.repo
#备份所有的repo文件
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# mkdir backup
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# mv *.repo backup/
#确认光盘是否挂载到/misc/cd目录下
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# df /dev/sr0
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/sr0 10767514 10767514 0 100% /run/media/yezz/CentOS 7 x86_64
#光盘未自动挂载到/misc/cd目录下，查看autofs是否安装
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# rpm -q autofs
autofs-5.0.7-106.el7.x86_64
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# systemctl status autofs
● autofs.service - Automounts filesystems on demand
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/autofs.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: inactive (dead)
#启动autofs服务，并设置开机自启
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# systemctl start autofs
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# systemctl enable autofs
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/autofs.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/autofs.service.
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# systemctl status autofs
● autofs.service - Automounts filesystems on demand
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/autofs.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Sun 2020-07-19 17:10:01 CST; 15s ago
Main PID: 4039 (automount)
CGroup: /system.slice/autofs.service
└─4039 /usr/sbin/automount --systemd-service --dont-check-daemon
Jul 19 17:10:01 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting Automounts filesystems on demand...
Jul 19 17:10:01 localhost.localdomain automount[4039]: setautomntent: lookup(sss): setautomntent: No such file or directory
Jul 19 17:10:01 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started Automounts filesystems on demand.
#光盘已自动挂载
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# ls /misc/cd
CentOS_BuildTag EFI EULA GPL images isolinux LiveOS Packages repodata RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7 RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Testing-7 TRANS.TBL
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# df /dev/sr0
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/sr0 10767514 10767514 0 100% /misc/cd
#写repo文件
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# vim base.repo
#内容如下
[base]
name=cd repo
baseurl=file:///misc/cd/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
#可以查看到前面设置的仓库信息
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum repolist
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Determining fastest mirrors
base | 3.6 kB 00:00:00
(1/2): base/group_gz | 165 kB 00:00:00
(2/2): base/primary_db | 6.0 MB 00:00:00
repo id repo name status
base cd repo 10,097
repolist: 10,097
（2）配置阿里云EPEL源的网络仓库作为yum源仓库
#写repo文件
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# vim base.repo
#内容如下
[epel]
name=epel repo
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/$releasever/$basearch
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
#可以查看到前面设置的仓库信息
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum repolist
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Determining fastest mirrors
base | 3.6 kB 00:00
epel | 4.7 kB 00:00
(1/5): base/group_gz | 165 kB 00:00
(2/5): base/primary_db | 6.0 MB 00:00
(3/5): epel/7/x86_64/updateinfo | 1.0 MB 00:00
(4/5): epel/7/x86_64/group_gz | 95 kB 00:00
(5/5): epel/7/x86_64/primary_db | 6.8 MB 00:00
repo id repo name status
base cd repo 10,097
epel/7/x86_64 epel repo 13,412
repolist: 23,509
2、编译安装http2.4，实现可以正常访问，并将编译步骤和结果提交。
#查看系统的版本，可以看到比较旧，是2.4.6
[root@localhost ~]# yum info httpd
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Available Packages
Name : httpd
Arch : x86_64
Version : 2.4.6
Release : 90.el7.centos
Size : 2.7 M
Repo : base
Summary : Apache HTTP Server
URL : http://httpd.apache.org/
License : ASL 2.0
Description : The Apache HTTP Server is a powerful, efficient, and
: extensible web server.
#已下载httpd-2.4.25版本到/usr/local/src目录下
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/src/
[root@localhost src]# ls
httpd-2.4.25.tar.bz2
#解压缩源码包文件
[root@localhost src]# tar xf httpd-2.4.25.tar.bz2
[root@localhost src]# ls
httpd-2.4.25 httpd-2.4.25.tar.bz2
#必须进入到解压缩的目录中
[root@localhost src]# cd httpd-2.4.25/
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.25]# ls
ABOUT_APACHE CMakeLists.txt INSTALL NWGNUmakefile
acinclude.m4 config.layout InstallBin.dsp os
Apache-apr2.dsw configure LAYOUT README
Apache.dsw configure.in libhttpd.dep README.cmake
apache_probes.d docs libhttpd.dsp README.platforms
ap.d emacs-style libhttpd.mak ROADMAP
build httpd.dep LICENSE server
BuildAll.dsp httpd.dsp Makefile.in srclib
BuildBin.dsp httpd.mak Makefile.win support
buildconf httpd.spec modules test
CHANGES include NOTICE VERSIONING
#一般源码包的解压缩目录内会有README和INSTALL说明文件，可以先浏览一下了解软件的功能及安装说明
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.25]# cat README
...(省略)...
Installation
------------
Please see the file called INSTALL. Platform specific notes can be
found in README.platforms.
...(省略)...
#没有更多有关安装的内容，再查看INSATLL文件
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.25]# cat INSTALL
APACHE INSTALLATION OVERVIEW
Quick Start - Unix
------------------
For complete installation documentation, see [ht]docs/manual/install.html or
http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/install.html
#说明了安装和启动方法
$ ./configure --prefix=PREFIX
$ make
$ make install
$ PREFIX/bin/apachectl start
...(省略)...
#查看http-2.4.25中configure支持的选项及功能特性
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.25]# ./configure --help
`configure' configures this package to adapt to many kinds of systems.
Usage: ./configure [OPTION]... [VAR=VALUE]...
To assign environment variables (e.g., CC, CFLAGS...), specify them as
VAR=VALUE. See below for descriptions of some of the useful variables.
Defaults for the options are specified in brackets.
Configuration:
-h, --help display this help and exit
--help=short display options specific to this package
--help=recursive display the short help of all the included packages
-V, --version display version information and exit
-q, --quiet, --silent do not print `checking ...' messages
--cache-file=FILE cache test results in FILE [disabled]
-C, --config-cache alias for `--cache-file=config.cache'
-n, --no-create do not create output files
--srcdir=DIR find the sources in DIR [configure dir or `..']
......(省略)......
#执行第一步，指定安装路径为/apps/httpd，配置文件安装在/etc/httpd目录下，启用ssl加密功能
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.25]# ./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --sysconfdir=/etc/httpd/ --enable-ssl
checking for chosen layout... Apache
checking for working mkdir -p... yes
checking for grep that handles long lines and -e... /usr/bin/grep
checking for egrep... /usr/bin/grep -E
checking build system type... x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
checking host system type... x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
checking target system type... x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
configure:
configure: Configuring Apache Portable Runtime library...
configure:
checking for APR... no
configure: error: APR not found. Please read the documentation.
#提示缺少APR
#当提示缺少某个包时，只要安装提示缺少的包名后加上devel组成的包即可
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.25]# yum -y -q install apr-devel
#再次执行前面的./configure脚本
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.25]# yum -y -q install apr-devel
Package apr-devel-1.4.8-5.el7.x86_64 already installed and latest version
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.25]# ./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --sysconfdir=/etc/httpd/ --enable-ssl
......(省略)......
configure:
checking for APR-util... no
configure: error: APR-util not found. Please read the documentation.
提示缺少APR-util包
#根据提示安装缺少的包apr-util-devel
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.25]# yum -y -q install apr-util-devel
#再次执行前面的./configure脚本
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.25]# ./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --sysconfdir=/etc/httpd/ --enable-ssl
......(省略)......
configure:
checking for APR-util... yes
checking for gcc... gcc
checking whether the C compiler works... no
configure: error: in `/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.25':
configure: error: C compiler cannot create executables
#提示C编译器错误
See `config.log' for more details
#提示查看config.log中的详细说明
#查看日志
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.25]# cat config.log
......(省略)......
configure:5266: checking for C compiler version
configure:5275: gcc --version >&5
#提示gcc命令无法找到
./configure: line 5277: gcc: command not found
configure:5286: $? = 127
configure:5275: gcc -v >&5
./configure: line 5277: gcc: command not found
configure:5286: $? = 127
configure:5275: gcc -V >&5
./configure: line 5277: gcc: command not found
configure:5286: $? = 127
configure:5275: gcc -qversion >&5
./configure: line 5277: gcc: command not found
......(省略)......
#安装gcc编译器工具包，是C源码编译不可缺少的工具必须安装
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.25]# yum -y -q install gcc
#再次执行前面的./configure脚本
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.25]# ./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --sysconfdir=/etc/httpd/ --enable-ssl
......(省略)......
checking for pcre-config... false
configure: error: pcre-config for libpcre not found. PCRE is required and available from http://pcre.org/
#根据提示安装缺少的包pcre-devel
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.25]# yum -y -q install pcre-devel
#再次执行前面的./configure脚本
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.25]# ./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --sysconfdir=/etc/httpd/ --enable-ssl
......(省略)......
checking for OpenSSL version >= 0.9.8a... FAILED
configure: WARNING: OpenSSL version is too old
no
checking whether to enable mod_ssl... configure: error: mod_ssl has been requested but can not be built due to prerequisite failures
#根据提示安装缺少的包openssl-devel
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.25]# yum -y -q install openssl-devel
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.25]# yum -y -q install pcre-devel
#再次执行前面的./configure脚本
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.25]# ./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --sysconfdir=/etc/httpd/ --enable-ssl
......(省略)......
config.status: creating build/rules.mk
config.status: creating build/pkg/pkginfo
config.status: creating build/config_vars.sh
config.status: creating include/ap_config_auto.h
config.status: executing default commands
configure: summary of build options:
Server Version: 2.4.25
Install prefix: /apps/httpd
C compiler: gcc -std=gnu99
CFLAGS: -pthread
LDFLAGS:
LIBS:
CPPFLAGS: -DLINUX -D_REENTRANT -D_GNU_SOURCE
C preprocessor: gcc -E
#观察上面显示无错误提示，通过$?的值为0来确认成功
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.25]# echo $?
0
#为了下面编译更快，可以先查一下CPU的核数
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.25]# lscpu | grep CPU
CPU op-mode(s): 32-bit, 64-bit
CPU(s): 2
On-line CPU(s) list: 0,1
CPU family: 6
Model name: Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-6200U CPU @ 2.30GHz
CPU MHz: 2400.001
NUMA node0 CPU(s): 0,1
#利用 -j 选项可以指定多任务进行编译，可以加快编译过程，一般这一步是最耗费时间的
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.25]# make -j 2
......(省略)......
make[4]: Leaving directory `/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.25/modules/mappers'
make[3]: Leaving directory `/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.25/modules/mappers'
make[2]: Leaving directory `/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.25/modules'
make[2]: Entering directory `/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.25/support'
make[2]: Leaving directory `/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.25/support'
make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.25'
#执行安装
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.25]# make install
......(省略)......
Installing configuration files
mkdir /etc/httpd
mkdir /etc/httpd/extra
mkdir /etc/httpd/original
mkdir /etc/httpd/original/extra
Installing HTML documents
mkdir /apps/httpd/htdocs
Installing error documents
mkdir /apps/httpd/error
Installing icons
mkdir /apps/httpd/icons
mkdir /apps/httpd/logs
Installing CGIs
mkdir /apps/httpd/cgi-bin
Installing header files
mkdir /apps/httpd/include
Installing build system files
mkdir /apps/httpd/build
Installing man pages and online manual
mkdir /apps/httpd/man
mkdir /apps/httpd/man/man1
mkdir /apps/httpd/man/man8
mkdir /apps/httpd/manual
make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.25'
#查看安装后生成的文件，可以看到在/apps/httpd和/etc/httpd目录下生成相关文件
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.25]# ls /apps/httpd
bin cgi-bin htdocs include man modules
build error icons logs manual
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.25]# ls /etc/httpd
extra httpd.conf magic mime.types original
#根据INSTALL文件中的说明，启动此服务软件
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.25]# /apps/httpd/bin/apachectl start
AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using localhost.localdomain. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this message
#用curl命令测试httpd命令已经正常启动
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.25]# curl 127.0.0.1
It works!
#为了以后启动服务更方便，可以将启动程序的路径加入到PATH
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.25]# echo $PATH
/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.25]# echo 'PATH=/apps/httpd/bin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.25]# . /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh
#确定PATH变量已添加了httpd启动程序的路径
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.25]# echo $PATH
/apps/httpd/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin
#在任意目录下都可以启动服务程序，而不用再加绝对路径
[root@localhost ~]# apachectl stop
AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using localhost.localdomain. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this message
[root@localhost ~]# curl 127.0.0.1
curl: (7) Failed connect to 127.0.0.1:80; Connection refused
[root@localhost ~]# apachectl
AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using localhost.localdomain. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this message
[root@localhost ~]# curl 127.0.0.1
It works!
3、创建一个2G的文件系统，块大小为2048byte，预留1%可用空间,文件系统 ext4，卷标为TEST，要求此分区开机后自动挂载至/test目录，且默认有acl挂载选项
#查看当前磁盘有没有剩余空间
[root@localhost ~]# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 200G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 1G 0 part /boot
├─sda2 8:2 0 100G 0 part /
├─sda3 8:3 0 50G 0 part /data
├─sda4 8:4 0 1K 0 part
└─sda5 8:5 0 4G 0 part [SWAP]
sr0 11:0 1 10.3G 0 rom /run/media/yezz/CentOS 7 x86_64
#划分出一个2G的分区
[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/sda
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Command (m for help): n
All primary partitions are in use
Adding logical partition 6
First sector (325064704-419430399, default 325064704):
Using default value 325064704
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (325064704-419430399, default 419430399): +2G
Partition 6 of type Linux and of size 2 GiB is set
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy.
The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at
the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8)
Syncing disks.
#读取更新的分区表
[root@localhost ~]# partprobe /dev/sda
#查看分区表是否更新
[root@localhost ~]# cat /proc/partitions
major minor #blocks name
8 0 209715200 sda
8 1 1048576 sda1
8 2 104857600 sda2
8 3 52428800 sda3
8 4 1 sda4
8 5 4194304 sda5
8 6 2097152 sda6
11 0 10768384 sr0
[root@localhost ~]# lsblk /dev/sda
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 200G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 1G 0 part /boot
├─sda2 8:2 0 100G 0 part /
├─sda3 8:3 0 50G 0 part /data
├─sda4 8:4 0 1K 0 part
├─sda5 8:5 0 4G 0 part [SWAP]
└─sda6 8:6 0 2G 0 part
#有/dev/sda6为2G
#mke2fs命令创建文件系统， -t ext4指定文件系统为ext4类型；-b指定数据块大小；-L指定卷标；-m预留空间，默认为5%
[root@localhost ~]# mke2fs -t ext4 -L TEST -b 2048 -m 2 /dev/sda6
mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Filesystem label=TEST
OS type: Linux
Block size=2048 (log=1)
Fragment size=2048 (log=1)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
131072 inodes, 1048576 blocks
20971 blocks (2.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=269484032
64 block groups
16384 blocks per group, 16384 fragments per group
2048 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
16384, 49152, 81920, 114688, 147456, 409600, 442368, 802816
Allocating group tables: done
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
#查看超级块信息
[root@localhost ~]# tune2fs -l /dev/sda6
tune2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Filesystem volume name: TEST
Last mounted on:
Filesystem UUID: 997d62f5-f4d8-4b7c-a5f3-a7534ce71368
Filesystem magic number: 0xEF53
Filesystem revision #: 1 (dynamic)
Filesystem features: has_journal ext_attr resize_inode dir_index filetype extent 64bit flex_bg sparse_super huge_file uninit_bg dir_nlink extra_isize
Filesystem flags: signed_directory_hash
Default mount options: user_xattr acl
Filesystem state: clean
Errors behavior: Continue
Filesystem OS type: Linux
Inode count: 131072
Block count: 1048576
Reserved block count: 20971
Free blocks: 994651
Free inodes: 131061
First block: 0
Block size: 2048
Fragment size: 2048
Group descriptor size: 64
Reserved GDT blocks: 512
Blocks per group: 16384
Fragments per group: 16384
Inodes per group: 2048
Inode blocks per group: 256
Flex block group size: 16
Filesystem created: Sun Jul 19 22:28:13 2020
Last mount time: n/a
Last write time: Sun Jul 19 22:28:14 2020
Mount count: 0
Maximum mount count: -1
Last checked: Sun Jul 19 22:28:13 2020
Check interval: 0 ()
Lifetime writes: 65 MB
Reserved blocks uid: 0 (user root)
Reserved blocks gid: 0 (group root)
First inode: 11
Inode size: 256
Required extra isize: 28
Desired extra isize: 28
Journal inode: 8
Default directory hash: half_md4
Directory Hash Seed: 5a1a340d-297f-4b2e-a5bb-097f74ae64ec
Journal backup: inode blocks
#将挂载选项写入到/etc/fstab中，实现开机自动挂载
[root@localhost ~]# blkid /dev/sda6
/dev/sda6:UUID="997d62f5-f4d8-4b7c-a5f3-a7534ce71368" type="ext4"
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/fstab
#内容如下
#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Fri May 15 16:26:08 2020
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
#
UUID=5323ffc1-3434-41b0-b8ec-909403493a60 / xfs defaults 0 0
UUID=edd1490f-a15a-4a21-82dc-928bc1c04b38 /boot xfs defaults 0 0
UUID=5d56a0d4-150b-4827-8f82-763868b561c7 /data xfs defaults 0 0
UUID=ed5d5d57-d87f-48e8-90df-c962f78230d9 swap swap defaults 0 0
UUID=997d62f5-f4d8-4b7c-a5f3-a7534ce71368 /test ext4 defaults,acl 0 0
#挂载所有设备
[root@localhost ~]# mount -a
#验证结果
[root@localhost test]# tune2fs -l /dev/sda6
tune2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Filesystem volume name: TEST
Last mounted on: /test
Filesystem UUID: 997d62f5-f4d8-4b7c-a5f3-a7534ce71368
Filesystem magic number: 0xEF53
Filesystem revision #: 1 (dynamic)
Filesystem features: has_journal ext_attr resize_inode dir_index filetype needs_recovery extent 64bit flex_bg sparse_super huge_file uninit_bg dir_nlink extra_isize
Filesystem flags: signed_directory_hash
Default mount options: user_xattr acl
Filesystem state: clean
Errors behavior: Continue
......（省略）......
[root@localhost test]# df /dev/sda6
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda6 1998538 9238 1939166 1% /test
4、创建一个至少有两个PV组成的大小为20G的名为testvg的VG;要求PE大小 为16MB, 而后在卷组中创建大小为5G的逻辑卷testlv;挂载至/users目录
#已经划分了/dev/sda6和/dev/sda7两块10G的硬盘备用
[root@localhost ~]# lsblk /dev/sda
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 200G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 1G 0 part /boot
├─sda2 8:2 0 100G 0 part /
├─sda3 8:3 0 50G 0 part /data
├─sda4 8:4 0 1K 0 part
├─sda5 8:5 0 4G 0 part [SWAP]
├─sda6 8:6 0 10G 0 part
└─sda7 8:7 0 10G 0 part
#指定/dev/sda6和/dev/sda7的ID号为Linux LVM类型
[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/sda
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Command (m for help): t
Partition number (1-7, default 7): 6
Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e
Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'
Command (m for help): t
Partition number (1-7, default 7): 7
Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e
Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy.
The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at
the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8)
Syncing disks.
[root@localhost ~]# partprobe /dev/sda
第一步：创建PV
[root@localhost ~]# pvcreate /dev/sda6
Physical volume "/dev/sda6" successfully created.
[root@localhost ~]# pvcreate /dev/sda7
Physical volume "/dev/sda7" successfully created.
#验证结果
[root@localhost ~]# pvs
PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree
/dev/sda6 lvm2 --- 10.00g 10.00g
/dev/sda7 lvm2 --- 10.00g 10.00g
[root@localhost ~]# pvdisplay
"/dev/sda7" is a new physical volume of "10.00 GiB"
--- NEW Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sda7
VG Name
PV Size 10.00 GiB
Allocatable NO
PE Size 0
Total PE 0
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 0
PV UUID rVVgdf-Y1Ah-R49p-0BM3-F0WT-53Wo-G9KlT0
"/dev/sda6" is a new physical volume of "10.00 GiB"
--- NEW Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sda6
VG Name
PV Size 10.00 GiB
Allocatable NO
PE Size 0
Total PE 0
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 0
PV UUID jPz7zt-LNiK-3iV8-Cf5m-CanF-Z8QH-Q2eseH
第二步：创建VG
#创建VG名称为testvg；设定PE为16M；把/dev/sda6和/dev/sda7两分区加入到VG中
[root@localhost ~]# vgcreate -s 16M testvg /dev/sda{6,7}
Volume group "testvg" successfully created
#验证结果
[root@localhost ~]# vgs
VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree
testvg 2 0 0 wz--n- <19.97g <19.97g
[root@localhost ~]# vgdisplay
--- Volume group ---
VG Name testvg
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 2
Metadata Sequence No 1
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 0
Open LV 0
Max PV 0
Cur PV 2
Act PV 2
VG Size <19.97 GiB
PE Size 16.00 MiB
Total PE 1278
Alloc PE / Size 0 / 0
Free PE / Size 1278 / <19.97 GiB
VG UUID 4exCF4-D9Qk-WHFM-AD0n-DDgv-2yrB-xp4FwA
第三步：创建LV
#从名称为testvg的VG中划分LV且设置其名称为testlv，大小为5G
[root@localhost ~]# lvcreate -n testlv -L 2G testvg
Logical volume "testlv" created.
#验证结果
[root@localhost ~]# lvs
LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Meta% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
testlv testvg -wi-a----- 2.00g
[root@localhost ~]# lvdisplay
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/testvg/testlv
LV Name testlv
VG Name testvg
LV UUID J7A7cx-m8gA-MjCY-K3Xn-3mh3-n6Vz-VNQYAB
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time localhost.localdomain, 2020-07-19 23:32:34 +0800
LV Status available
# open 0
LV Size 2.00 GiB
Current LE 128
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 8192
Block device 253:0
[root@localhost ~]# vgs
VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree
testvg 2 1 0 wz--n- <19.97g <17.97g
第四步：创建ext4系统
[root@localhost ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/testvg/testlv
mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
131072 inodes, 524288 blocks
26214 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=536870912
16 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912
Allocating group tables: done
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (16384 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
#验证UUID
/dev/sda1: UUID="edd1490f-a15a-4a21-82dc-928bc1c04b38" TYPE="xfs"
/dev/sda2: UUID="5323ffc1-3434-41b0-b8ec-909403493a60" TYPE="xfs"
/dev/sda3: UUID="5d56a0d4-150b-4827-8f82-763868b561c7" TYPE="xfs"
/dev/sda5: UUID="ed5d5d57-d87f-48e8-90df-c962f78230d9" TYPE="swap"
/dev/sda6: UUID="jPz7zt-LNiK-3iV8-Cf5m-CanF-Z8QH-Q2eseH" TYPE="LVM2_member"
/dev/sda7: UUID="rVVgdf-Y1Ah-R49p-0BM3-F0WT-53Wo-G9KlT0" TYPE="LVM2_member"
/dev/sr0: UUID="2019-09-09-19-08-41-00" LABEL="CentOS 7 x86_64" TYPE="iso9660" PTTYPE="dos"
/dev/mapper/testvg-testlv: UUID="aefe8103-c6dd-4b4a-b962-30aae5a474ad" TYPE="ext4"
第五步：开机自动挂载文件系统
#创建挂载点
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /users
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/fstab
#最后一行添加
UUID=aefe8103-c6dd-4b4a-b962-30aae5a474ad /users ext4 defaults 0 0
#挂载该文件系统
[root@localhost ~]# mount -a
#验证结果
[root@localhost ~]# df | grep /dev/
tmpfs 1013984 0 1013984 0% /dev/shm
/dev/sda2 104806400 4721972 100084428 5% /
/dev/sda3 52403200 32992 52370208 1% /data
/dev/sda1 1038336 171708 866628 17% /boot
/dev/sr0 10767514 10767514 0 100% /run/media/yezz/CentOS 7 x86_64
/dev/mapper/testvg-testlv 1998672 6144 1871288 1% /users