【纽曼】第12章 有用的“功、力和能量”的等式

Chapter 12 USEFUL "WORK, FORCE, AND POWER" EQUATIONS

A. The mathematical equations involving "Work, Force, and Power" are engineering equations which satisfy the past and present-day industries of the world. They are not appropriate to future industries. Such equations are not universal, scientific equations and they do not satisfy a rigorous scientific scrutiny. The equations which I will propose below are scientific equations and do satisfy scientific scrutiny. In addition, these equations will fulfill the future engineering need of industry and will conceptually mesh with an understanding of the gyroscopic-action-entity which is the basic building block of all matter and represents the mechanical essence of E = MC^2 .

A. 关于“功、力、功率”的精确数学等式只能满足过去和当前世界工业的工程要求。它们不适用于未来的工业。这种等式不是普遍科学的等式,它们不满足严谨的科学审查。我下面提出的等式是科学的等式,满足科学的严谨性。另外,这些等式可以达到未来工业的工程需要,在概念上与自旋子的理解匹配,自旋子是所有物质的基础砖块并是E = MC^2的力学本质。

I will now define a "Force" in accordance with Newton's Laws:

我将定义和牛顿力学一致的“力”:

"A 'Force' is any action capable of causing a reaction from an entity which is in or may enter the influence of that 'Force'!"

“‘力’是可以引起一个进入‘力’影响范围实体反作用的任何运动!”

To an observer, "Force" may be perceived as "Obvious" or "Unobvious." I mathematically distinguish between "Obvious" or "Unobvious" Force. One cannot have (Obvious or Unobvious) "Work, Force, or Power" occurring without energy participation and transference.

对于观察者,“力”也许是“可见”或“不可见”。我区分“可见”或“不可见”力。不能有“功、力或功率”产生而没有能量参与和传输。

The consistent, semantic application of the terms Obvious or Unobvious to "Work, Force, or Power" will accurately stimulate the mind of the thinking individual which will further the progress of science and the improvement of the Human Race.

对于“功、力或功率”可见或不可见一致的、语义的术语应用将正确的激发个人的思想,将促进科学进程和人类进步。

B. It is the essence of the scientific method that a scientific theory should stand or fall with respect to whether its predictions correspond with the Facts. With this in mind, I will now apply the conventional mathematical formulas for Work, Power, and Force to a factual observation:

B. 科学方法的本质是一个科学理论好坏决定于预测结果是否和事实一致。基于这种思想,我将用传统功、功率和力的的数学等式观察事实。

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"A man has a 400-pound mass placed upon his shoulders. The gravitational force pushes down with 400 pounds upon the man. The man pushes up with 400 pounds of force on the mass. The man supports the 400 pound mass for 10 minutes and then pivots from under the mass to permit it to fall. (Had the man continued to support the mass he would have become fatigued to the point of collapse and physical damage.)"

“一个人将400磅重量放到肩膀上。重力向下施加400磅在人身上。人向上施加400磅的力在物体上。人支持400磅10分钟,之后放开物质让它掉下来。(使人持续支持物体他将疲乏到倒下产生物理伤害。)”

WORK = FORCE * DISTANCE (by conventional mathematics)

功=力*距离(传统计算)

According to this simple formula, the man in the above example did no work.

根据这个简单的等式,上面的人没有做功。

POWER = WORK/TIME (by conventional mathematics)

功率=功/时间(传统计算)

According to this simple formula, the man in the above example exerted no power.

根据这个简单的等式,上面的人没有对外输出功率。

FORCE = MASS *ACCELERATION (by conventional mathematics)

力=质量*加速度(传统计算)

According to this simple formula, the man in the above example exerted no force.

根据这个简单的等式,上面的人没有对外施加力。

[I should point out that from the perspective of Statics, there is FORCE exerted but there is no POWER or WORK.]

[我将指出,从静态观点,有外部力但没有功和功率。]

Because the force of the man and the force of gravity upon the mass are equal and opposite, then conventional mathematics would state that there is a net force of zero.

因为人的力和重力在物体上相等并相反,传统计算将说净力为0.

C. I will now examine the internal actions of the man in Figure 26-B to determine if the predictions obtained via conventional mathematics correspond with the Facts.

C.我现在将调查图26-B中的人内部的运动来决定传统预测与事实是否一致。

The Facts are as follows: During strenuous exercise or stress, the heart may pump eight times as much blood as in a period of relative relaxation, i.e., as many as 12 gallons a minute. All of the following conditions drastically increased while the man held the mass: the heartbeat, blood flow, breathing, oxygen flow, the electromagnetic stimulation of the brain and body cells, and the fermentation process to produce energy occurring within the muscle cells.

事实如下:在剧烈运动或加压时,心脏也许可能跳动可能是放松时的8倍,也就是说,一分钟10加仑。下面的情况在人抗住物体时都大大的增加了:心跳、血的流速、呼吸、氧流动、大脑电信号和身体细胞,这复杂的进程在细胞内产生能量。

Internally speaking, the man did produce Work and Power which resulted in the man producing a Force. Internally speaking, Potential Energy was converted to Kinetic Energy. It is important to note that the Potential Energy of the mass being supported by the man was a direct result of the internal, Kinetic Energy within the man. In essence, the presently -accepted, mathematical equations concerning Work, Power, and Force do not correspond with the facts.

内在讲,人确实产生了功和功率导致人产生了力。内在讲,势能转化为了动能。注意,人支撑物体的势能是人内存动能的相撞结果。本质上,当前可接受的关于功、功率和力的数学等式与事实不一致。

D. To properly view the Facts from a scientific basis, the man in the above experiment did produce Unobvious Work, Unobvious Power, and Unobvious Force. Until he dropped the 400-pound mass, both the man and gravity exerted a force. Consequently, the net force could not be zero -only the net movement was zero.

D.从科学角度看这个事实,上面的人产生了不可见功,不可见功率和不可见力。在他抛下400磅物体之前,人和重力都施加一个外力。因此,净力不为0-只是净运动为0。

E. By subjecting them to proper scientific scrutiny, the presently-accepted, mathematical formulas describing Work, Power, Force, Potential and Kinetic Energy are not scientifically accurate! I propose that more explicit and scientific mathematical formulas would be as follows:

E.通过科学审查,当前可接受的描述功、功率、力、势能、动能的数学公式是不科学不精确的!我提出的更明确和科学的数学公式如下:

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可见功=力距离(Wo=FD)
可见功率=可见功/时间(Po=Wu/T)
可见力=物质
加速度(Fo=MA)
[宏观可见物质*加速度]

不可见功=力时间(Wu=FT)
不可见功率=不可见功/时间(Pu=Wu/T)
不可见力=[静态]力(Fu=[S]F)
[分子、原子和/或次原子的质量
加速度]

可见动能(OKE)=所有可见能量
不可见动能(UKE)+势能(PE)=所有不可见能量

The above mathematical formulas do correspond with the facts. They satisfy all previous requirements as well as the example of the man supporting a 400-pound mass. The man did produce Unobvious Work, Unobvious Power, Unobvious Force, and Unobvious Kinetic Energy. He did not produce Obvious Work, Obvious Power, Obvious Force, or Obvious Kinetic Energy.

上面的数学公式是和事实一致的。它们满足所有上面人抗400磅物体例子的要求。人产生了不可见功、不可见功率、不可见力和不可见动能。它没有产生可见功、可见功率、可见力功或可见动能。

The L. Pearce Williams biography on Michael Faraday states that during the early years of Faraday's intellectual development, Faraday was very impressed with a book written by Dr. Isaac Watts entitled, The Improvement of the Mind. As a disciple of John Locke, Dr. Watts continually emphasized the importance of the observed fact and the dangers of imprecise language. In his book, The Improvement of the Mind [published in London, 1809], Dr. Watt cautions the student to carefully distinguish between words and things lest he "feed upon husks instead of kernels." Dr. Watt's emphasis upon careful observation and precisely described facts equipped Michael Faraday with a seemingly infallible guide, i.e., the essence of the scientific method. I wish to provide you, the reader, with the precise, mathematical equations which I have presented above in order to permit a better scientific understanding of matter.

L. Pearce Williams在法拉第传记中说,在法拉第早年学习中,法拉第对瓦特写的The Improvement of the Mind一书印象非常深刻。作为约翰·洛克的信徒,瓦特先生连续强调观察到的事实和不精确语言的危险的重要性。在这本眉目里,The Improvement of the Mind[伦敦印刷,1809],瓦特先生劝告学生小心识别单词等,唯恐他“注重外在而不是核心”。瓦特先生强调小心观察和精确描述事实给法拉第一贯正确的指导,也就是,科学方法的本质。我希望提供给你,读者,我上面提出的精确的数学公式,来对物质有更科学的理解。

F. It can now be scientifically observed from the facts that all static forces and all potential energies exist as a result of continuing, Unobvious Kinetic Energy . (Verify this fact by observing the Unobvious Kinetic Energy internally produced within the man as long as he supported the 400-pound mass on his shoulders.)

F.现在可以从科学上观察到,所有的静止力和势能都是由于持续的、不可见的动能而存在的。(通过观察人体内部产生的不可见动能来验证这一事实,只要他把400磅重的物体支撑在肩膀上。)

"It can now be scientifically observed from the facts that all static forces and all potential energies exist as a result of continuing, Unobvious Kinetic Energy."

现在可以从科学上观察到,所有的静止力和势能都是由于持续的、不可见的动能而存在的。

There are additional observations which verify the existence of Unobvious Kinetic Energy: materials both fatigue and break/collapse from supporting a force. Gas molecules "heat up" when compressed by a force. Such observations prove that materials react with Internal, Unobvious Kinetic Energy when a static force or Potential Energy is exerted against them.

还有其他观察结果证实了不可见动能的存在:材料疲劳和断裂/坍塌都来自于支撑力。气体分子被力压缩时会“加热”。这些观察结果证明,当一个静态力或势能作用于材料时,材料与内部的、不可见的动能发生反应。

G. To improve your understanding of my statements, consider Einstein's equation of E = MC2. The nature of the mass-energy relationship is such that the mass (and weight) changes associated with Potential Energy conversion into Unobvious Kinetic Energy (which occurs internally within matter) is immeasurably small. Consider also that the gyroscopic-action-entity represents the Mechanical Essence of Einstein's equation of E = MC2 and that the mathematical formulas I present properly account for the existence of the gyroscopic-action-entity.

G. 为了让你更理解我的陈述,考虑爱因斯坦的E = MC^2方程。质能关系的理论是这样的,质量(和重量)的变化关系到势能转化为不可见动能(发生在物质内部),微小到不可测量。同时考虑到,自旋子代表爱因斯坦E = MC^2方程的力学本质,我提出的数学公式恰当的说明了自旋子的存在。

EXAMPLE:
Newton's Third Law of Motion states: by the law of Action and Reaction, a Force must be resisted by an Equal and Opposite Force.
What does the mathematical term "equal" really mean? It means "identical in mathematical value or logical denotation; equivalent.”

例子:
牛顿运动第三定律说明:根据作用力和反作用力,力会产生大小相等方向相反的力。
数学术语“相等”意味着什么?意味着“数值或逻辑标准一致”。

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According to Newton's Third Law: if I hold an iron material at a distance (see Figure 26-G) from a strong, permanent magnet (causing me to resist a constant attraction force of 200 lbs.) -what happens to me? I must use Unobvious, Internal Kinetic Energy to continually resist the attraction force of the permanent magnet. According to Newton's Third Law, the magnet must also be utilizing Unobvious, Internal Kinetic Energy to produce the constant attraction force, i.e., an "equal” action and reaction!

根据牛顿第三定律:如果我握住一个铁块与一个强永磁铁一段距离(看图26-G)(让我抗拒一200磅恒定吸引力)-对我来说发生了什么?我必须用不可见的内在动能来持续抗拒永磁铁的吸引力。根据牛顿第三定律,磁铁必须利用不可见内在的动能产生恒定的吸引力,就也是说一个“相等”的作用力和反作用力!

If the magnet were not to react with Unobvious, Internal Kinetic Energy, then Newton's Third Law would be defied. In resisting a continual, attraction force, I had to expend a constant, Unobvious, Internal Kinetic Energy. If the magnet produced a constant attraction force and did not utilize any Unobvious, Internal Kinetic Energy, then such observed results would be "opposite" and not "equal.” Hence, such a conclusion would be obviously incorrect.

如果磁铁没有与不可见的内在动能交互,将不服从牛顿第三定律。为了抗拒连续的吸引力,我必须使用一个恒定不可见内在动能。如果磁铁产生一个恒定吸引力,但没有用任何不可见内在动能,那么这种观察结果将是“相反”并“不等”的。因此,这种结论显然是不正确的。

The Facts clearly show that the atoms within myself, the magnet, the iron material, and the wall all produced "Unobvious Work, Force, and Power.” There was no "Obvious Work, Force, or Power" produced.

事实清楚的说明,自己、磁铁、铁块和墙的原子都产生了“不可见功、力和功率”。没有“可见功、力或功率”产生。

H. I have presented more precise mathematical equations which are conducive to an improved scientific comprehension of Matter in accordance with the Mechanical Essence of Einstein 's Equation of E=MC2. Such a mechanical essence is represented by the gyroscopic-action-entity which is the basic building entity of all matter.

H.我已经提供了更多精确的数学公式,有助于增进对物质的科学理解,与爱因斯坦E=MC^2方程力的本质一致。这种力学本质体现在构成所有物质基础实体的自旋子。

I. A PIONEERING SOURCE OF ENERGY:

I.开创性的能量源头:

Consider once again the equations Wu = FT,( Pu =Wu/T), and Fu = [S]F.

再考虑公式Wu = FT、( Pu =Wu/T)和 Fu = [S]F。

A permanent magnet "X” that attracts an object "Y" with a constant force of 200 lbs., twenty-four hours a day for 30 days will have performed the following:

一个永磁铁“X”对一个物体"Y"的恒定吸引力为200磅,连续30天每天24小时将有如下结果:

Wu =(200) * (60 sec.) * (60 min.) * (24 hrs.) *(30 days)
Wu=518,400,000 lbs.-sec.
Fu = 200 lbs. constant
Pu = 200 lbs. constant

The gyroscopic energy in the magnetic field produced Unobvious Work, Unobvious Power, and Unobvious Force. The magnetic field also maintained Potential Energy via the use of Unobvious Kinetic Energy to accomplish this task. The mass loss is not easily measurable since we are describing the effects that generate atomic energy. As you know, we are discussing E = MC2. The existence of the Gyroscopic­Action-Entity exactly fits the First Law of Thermodynamics since it appears this Entity cannot be created or destroyed.

磁场区域自旋子能量产生不可见功、不可见功率和不可见力。磁场区域同时通过用不可见动能保持势能来完成任务。质量的损失是不容易测量的,因为我们描述的效果产生于次原子级能量。正如你所知,我们讨论E = MC^2。自旋子的存在精确的符合热力学第一定律,因为它出现了不能被创建和毁灭的实体。

The present utilization of atomic reactors as a source of energy production is extremely inadequate for the demand.

当前作为能量源的次原子反应器的利用对需求是严重不足的。

The energy machine I have innovated has no harmful side effects*, will cost little, and will be small in size compared to a nuclear reactor. All that I have written has been based upon the concept of the gyroscopic entity on which I started working in 1965. Since that time I have sought to prove or disprove this concept. The more I have learned the more certain I became of its truth.

我创建的能源机没有有害结果、花费少、可以作为小型核反应堆。所有我写的是基于我1965年开始研究的自旋子的概念。那时我就想证实这种概念是否正确。我学的越多我越觉得它正确。

If you have Mastered what I teach, then you must recognize the reality of my Pioneering Invention. However, the access to an unlimited source of energy is not by any means the ultimate discovery!

如果你已经精通我所教授的,那么你必须认识到我的创新发明白真实性。然而,通向无限能源的大门决不是最终的发现!

The energy machine I have innovated simply uses Universal Energy (the gyroscopic-action-entity). Such utilization must occur if man is to end his stupidity, hunger, greed, and wars -and advance to other solar systems! Consider how long it took our Species to discover how to harness the motion of flowing water via a simple waterwheel.

我发明的能源机是简单的利用了宇宙能源(自旋子)。这种利用会结束人类的愚蠢、饥饿、贪心和战争-进化到另一个太阳系。想一下我们人类通过简单水轮利用水的运动用了多长时间。

It has been obvious to me that what I have seen so clearly was unimaginable for most people. What I have seen is, at the very least, equal to the effect of Einstein's equation of E = MC2. It gives me much contentment if you now understand what I have presented. This is the purpose of my Book.

很明显,我看到的对大多数人来说是不可想象的。我看到的是,最基本的,爱因斯坦E = MC^2方程式的效果。如果你已经明白我所说的我将非常满足。这是我这本书的目的所在。

*Note: There are no harmful side effects because the size of the gyroscopic-action-entity is so small that it easily passes through the atomic structure of living tissue. In nuclear fission, the sub-atomic particles (representing agglutinations of gyroscopic particles) are far larger and can do damage to the atomic structure of living tissue. By analogy, if one threw a dust particle at a large fishnet, the particle would easily pass through the net. However, if one attempted to pass a large boulder (composed of millions of dust particles) through the same fishnet, it would cause damage to the net. By another analogy. my energy machine - in its utilization of nuclear energy - differs from conventional nuclear energy sources in the following manner: I have discovered a previously unknown source of "underground, unique running water." I have therefore devised a "waterwheel" (my energy machine) to tap into this existing energy of unique running water (the continual motion of the gyroscopic particles). The conventional nuclear energy approach would be to secure a cup of normal water and attempt to "smash" the normal water with a hammer to extract the atomic energy from the water. My process is 100%.(conversion) efficient and harmless (due to the minute size of the gyroscopic particles). Conventional nuclear fission is less than 1% efficient and harmful (due to the larger size of the released particles).

*注:完全无害,因为自旋子实体的大小小到它可轻易穿过活组织的次原子结构。在核裂变中,次原子粒子(由陀螺子凝结成)更大,能伤害到活组织的次原子结构。通过分析,抛一个灰尘到一个鱼网,它可以轻易穿过网。然而,如果试图抛一个大石块(由无数灰尘结成)穿过鱼网,它将毁坏鱼网。依此类推,我的能源机-它利用核能-在以下几方面不同于传统的核能:我已经发现一种未知的“地下、唯一的活水”源头。我因此设计一个“水轮机”(我的能源机)利用这唯一活水(连续运动的自旋子)存在的能量。传统核能是固定一杯水并试图用榔头“打碎”正常的水获取水中的次原子级能量。我的过程是100%(转化)效率并无害(由于陀螺子的尺寸)。传统核能效率小于1%并有害(由于释放粒子尺寸过大)。

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