java 从零开始手写 RPC (03) 如何实现客户端调用服务端?

说明

java 从零开始手写 RPC (01) 基于 socket 实现

java 从零开始手写 RPC (02)-netty4 实现客户端和服务端

写完了客户端和服务端,那么如何实现客户端和服务端的调用呢?

下面就让我们一起来看一下。

在这里插入图片描述

接口定义

计算方法

package com.github.houbb.rpc.common.service;

import com.github.houbb.rpc.common.model.CalculateRequest;
import com.github.houbb.rpc.common.model.CalculateResponse;

/**
 * 

计算服务接口

* *
 Created: 2018/8/24 下午4:47  
*
 Project: fake  
* * @author houbinbin * @since 0.0.1 */ public interface Calculator { /** * 计算加法 * @param request 请求入参 * @return 返回结果 */ CalculateResponse sum(final CalculateRequest request); }

pojo

对应的参数对象:

  • CalculateRequest
package com.github.houbb.rpc.common.model;

import java.io.Serializable;

/**
 * 

请求入参

* *
 Created: 2018/8/24 下午5:05  
*
 Project: fake  
* * @author houbinbin * @since 0.0.3 */ public class CalculateRequest implements Serializable { private static final long serialVersionUID = 6420751004355300996L; /** * 参数一 */ private int one; /** * 参数二 */ private int two; public CalculateRequest() { } public CalculateRequest(int one, int two) { this.one = one; this.two = two; } //getter setter toString }
  • CalculateResponse
package com.github.houbb.rpc.common.model;

import java.io.Serializable;

/**
 * 

请求入参

* *
 Created: 2018/8/24 下午5:05  
*
 Project: fake  
* * @author houbinbin * @since 0.0.3 */ public class CalculateResponse implements Serializable { private static final long serialVersionUID = -1972014736222511341L; /** * 是否成功 */ private boolean success; /** * 二者的和 */ private int sum; public CalculateResponse() { } public CalculateResponse(boolean success, int sum) { this.success = success; this.sum = sum; } //getter setter toString }

客户端

核心部分

RpcClient 需要添加对应的 Handler,调整如下:

Bootstrap bootstrap = new Bootstrap();
ChannelFuture channelFuture = bootstrap.group(workerGroup)
        .channel(NioSocketChannel.class)
        .option(ChannelOption.SO_KEEPALIVE, true)
        .handler(new ChannelInitializer(){
            @Override
            protected void initChannel(Channel ch) throws Exception {
                ch.pipeline()
                        .addLast(new LoggingHandler(LogLevel.INFO))
                        .addLast(new CalculateRequestEncoder())
                        .addLast(new CalculateResponseDecoder())
                        .addLast(new RpcClientHandler());
            }
        })
        .connect(RpcConstant.ADDRESS, port)
        .syncUninterruptibly();

netty 中的 handler 泳道设计的非常优雅,让我们的代码可以非常灵活地进行拓展。

接下来我们看一下对应的实现。

RpcClientHandler

package com.github.houbb.rpc.client.handler;

import com.github.houbb.log.integration.core.Log;
import com.github.houbb.log.integration.core.LogFactory;
import com.github.houbb.rpc.client.core.RpcClient;
import com.github.houbb.rpc.common.model.CalculateRequest;
import com.github.houbb.rpc.common.model.CalculateResponse;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.channel.SimpleChannelInboundHandler;

/**
 * 

客户端处理类

* *
 Created: 2019/10/16 11:30 下午  
*
 Project: rpc  
* * @author houbinbin * @since 0.0.2 */ public class RpcClientHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler { private static final Log log = LogFactory.getLog(RpcClient.class); @Override public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception { CalculateRequest request = new CalculateRequest(1, 2); ctx.writeAndFlush(request); log.info("[Client] request is :{}", request); } @Override protected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception { CalculateResponse response = (CalculateResponse)msg; log.info("[Client] response is :{}", response); } }

这里比较简单,channelActive 中我们直接发起调用,入参的对象为了简单,此处固定写死。

channelRead0 中监听服务端的相应结果,并做日志输出。

CalculateRequestEncoder

请求参数是一个对象,netty 是无法直接传输的,我们将其转换为基本对象:

package com.github.houbb.rpc.client.encoder;

import com.github.houbb.rpc.common.model.CalculateRequest;
import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.handler.codec.MessageToByteEncoder;

/**
 * @author binbin.hou
 * @since 0.0.3
 */
public class CalculateRequestEncoder extends MessageToByteEncoder {

    @Override
    protected void encode(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, CalculateRequest msg, ByteBuf out) throws Exception {
        int one = msg.getOne();
        int two = msg.getTwo();

        out.writeInt(one);
        out.writeInt(two);
    }

}

CalculateResponseDecoder

针对服务端的响应,也是同理。

我们需要把基本的类型,封装转换为我们需要的对象。

package com.github.houbb.rpc.client.decoder;

import com.github.houbb.rpc.common.model.CalculateResponse;
import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.handler.codec.ByteToMessageDecoder;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * 响应参数解码
 * @author binbin.hou
 * @since 0.0.3
 */
public class CalculateResponseDecoder extends ByteToMessageDecoder {

    @Override
    protected void decode(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, ByteBuf in, List out) throws Exception {
        boolean success = in.readBoolean();
        int sum = in.readInt();

        CalculateResponse response = new CalculateResponse(success, sum);
        out.add(response);
    }

}
 
 

服务端

设置处理类

RpcServer 中的处理类要稍微调整一下,其他的保持不变。

ServerBootstrap serverBootstrap = new ServerBootstrap();
serverBootstrap.group(workerGroup, bossGroup)
        .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
        // 打印日志
        .handler(new LoggingHandler(LogLevel.INFO))
        .childHandler(new ChannelInitializer() {
            @Override
            protected void initChannel(Channel ch) throws Exception {
                ch.pipeline()
                        .addLast(new CalculateRequestDecoder())
                        .addLast(new CalculateResponseEncoder())
                        .addLast(new RpcServerHandler());
            }
        })
        // 这个参数影响的是还没有被accept 取出的连接
        .option(ChannelOption.SO_BACKLOG, 128)
        // 这个参数只是过一段时间内客户端没有响应,服务端会发送一个 ack 包,以判断客户端是否还活着。
        .childOption(ChannelOption.SO_KEEPALIVE, true);

RpcServerHandler

一开始这里是空实现,我们来添加一下对应的实现。

package com.github.houbb.rpc.server.handler;

import com.github.houbb.log.integration.core.Log;
import com.github.houbb.log.integration.core.LogFactory;
import com.github.houbb.rpc.common.model.CalculateRequest;
import com.github.houbb.rpc.common.model.CalculateResponse;
import com.github.houbb.rpc.common.service.Calculator;
import com.github.houbb.rpc.server.service.CalculatorService;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.channel.SimpleChannelInboundHandler;

/**
 * @author binbin.hou
 * @since 0.0.1
 */
public class RpcServerHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler {

    private static final Log log = LogFactory.getLog(RpcServerHandler.class);

    @Override
    public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
        final String id = ctx.channel().id().asLongText();
        log.info("[Server] channel {} connected " + id);
    }

    @Override
    protected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception {
        final String id = ctx.channel().id().asLongText();

        CalculateRequest request = (CalculateRequest)msg;
        log.info("[Server] receive channel {} request: {} from ", id, request);

        Calculator calculator = new CalculatorService();
        CalculateResponse response = calculator.sum(request);

        // 回写到 client 端
        ctx.writeAndFlush(response);
        log.info("[Server] channel {} response {}", id, response);
    }

}

读取到客户端的访问之后,我们获取到计算的入参 CalculateRequest,然后调用 sum 方法,获取到对应的 CalculateResponse,将结果通知客户端。

CalculateRequestDecoder

这里和客户端是一一对应的,我们首先把 netty 传递的基本类型转换为 CalculateRequest 对象。

package com.github.houbb.rpc.server.decoder;

import com.github.houbb.rpc.common.model.CalculateRequest;
import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.handler.codec.ByteToMessageDecoder;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * 请求参数解码
 * @author binbin.hou
 * @since 0.0.3
 */
public class CalculateRequestDecoder extends ByteToMessageDecoder {

    @Override
    protected void decode(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, ByteBuf in, List out) throws Exception {
        int one = in.readInt();
        int two = in.readInt();

        CalculateRequest request = new CalculateRequest(one, two);
        out.add(request);
    }

}
 
 

CalculateResponseEncoder

这里和客户端类似,我们需要把 response 转换为基本类型进行网络传输。

package com.github.houbb.rpc.server.encoder;

import com.github.houbb.rpc.common.model.CalculateResponse;
import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.handler.codec.MessageToByteEncoder;

/**
 * @author binbin.hou
 * @since 0.0.3
 */
public class CalculateResponseEncoder extends MessageToByteEncoder {

    @Override
    protected void encode(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, CalculateResponse msg, ByteBuf out) throws Exception {
        boolean success = msg.isSuccess();
        int result = msg.getSum();
        out.writeBoolean(success);
        out.writeInt(result);
    }

}

CalculatorService

服务端对应的实现类。

public class CalculatorService implements Calculator {

    @Override
    public CalculateResponse sum(CalculateRequest request) {
        int sum = request.getOne()+request.getTwo();

        return new CalculateResponse(true, sum);
    }

}

测试

服务端

启动服务端:

new RpcServer().start();

服务端启动日志:

[DEBUG] [2021-10-05 11:53:11.795] [main] [c.g.h.l.i.c.LogFactory.setImplementation] - Logging initialized using 'class com.github.houbb.log.integration.adaptors.stdout.StdOutExImpl' adapter.
[INFO] [2021-10-05 11:53:11.807] [Thread-0] [c.g.h.r.s.c.RpcServer.run] - RPC 服务开始启动服务端
十月 05, 2021 11:53:13 上午 io.netty.handler.logging.LoggingHandler channelRegistered
信息: [id: 0xd399474f] REGISTERED
十月 05, 2021 11:53:13 上午 io.netty.handler.logging.LoggingHandler bind
信息: [id: 0xd399474f] BIND: 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0:9527
十月 05, 2021 11:53:13 上午 io.netty.handler.logging.LoggingHandler channelActive
信息: [id: 0xd399474f, L:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:9527] ACTIVE
[INFO] [2021-10-05 11:53:13.101] [Thread-0] [c.g.h.r.s.c.RpcServer.run] - RPC 服务端启动完成,监听【9527】端口

客户端

启动客户端:

new RpcClient().start();

日志如下:

[DEBUG] [2021-10-05 11:54:12.158] [main] [c.g.h.l.i.c.LogFactory.setImplementation] - Logging initialized using 'class com.github.houbb.log.integration.adaptors.stdout.StdOutExImpl' adapter.
[INFO] [2021-10-05 11:54:12.164] [Thread-0] [c.g.h.r.c.c.RpcClient.run] - RPC 服务开始启动客户端
十月 05, 2021 11:54:13 上午 io.netty.handler.logging.LoggingHandler channelRegistered
信息: [id: 0x4d75c580] REGISTERED
十月 05, 2021 11:54:13 上午 io.netty.handler.logging.LoggingHandler connect
信息: [id: 0x4d75c580] CONNECT: /127.0.0.1:9527
十月 05, 2021 11:54:13 上午 io.netty.handler.logging.LoggingHandler channelActive
信息: [id: 0x4d75c580, L:/127.0.0.1:54030 - R:/127.0.0.1:9527] ACTIVE
[INFO] [2021-10-05 11:54:13.403] [Thread-0] [c.g.h.r.c.c.RpcClient.run] - RPC 服务启动客户端完成,监听端口:9527
十月 05, 2021 11:54:13 上午 io.netty.handler.logging.LoggingHandler write
信息: [id: 0x4d75c580, L:/127.0.0.1:54030 - R:/127.0.0.1:9527] WRITE: 8B
         +-------------------------------------------------+
         |  0  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9  a  b  c  d  e  f |
+--------+-------------------------------------------------+----------------+
|00000000| 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 02                         |........        |
+--------+-------------------------------------------------+----------------+
十月 05, 2021 11:54:13 上午 io.netty.handler.logging.LoggingHandler flush
信息: [id: 0x4d75c580, L:/127.0.0.1:54030 - R:/127.0.0.1:9527] FLUSH
[INFO] [2021-10-05 11:54:13.450] [nioEventLoopGroup-2-1] [c.g.h.r.c.c.RpcClient.channelActive] - [Client] request is :CalculateRequest{one=1, two=2}
十月 05, 2021 11:54:13 上午 io.netty.handler.logging.LoggingHandler channelRead
信息: [id: 0x4d75c580, L:/127.0.0.1:54030 - R:/127.0.0.1:9527] READ: 5B
         +-------------------------------------------------+
         |  0  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9  a  b  c  d  e  f |
+--------+-------------------------------------------------+----------------+
|00000000| 01 00 00 00 03                                  |.....           |
+--------+-------------------------------------------------+----------------+
十月 05, 2021 11:54:13 上午 io.netty.handler.logging.LoggingHandler channelReadComplete
信息: [id: 0x4d75c580, L:/127.0.0.1:54030 - R:/127.0.0.1:9527] READ COMPLETE
[INFO] [2021-10-05 11:54:13.508] [nioEventLoopGroup-2-1] [c.g.h.r.c.c.RpcClient.channelRead0] - [Client] response is :CalculateResponse{success=true, sum=3}

可以看到,输出了对应的请求参数和响应结果。

当然,此时服务端也有对应的新增日志:

十月 05, 2021 11:54:13 上午 io.netty.handler.logging.LoggingHandler channelRead
信息: [id: 0xd399474f, L:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:9527] READ: [id: 0xbc9f5927, L:/127.0.0.1:9527 - R:/127.0.0.1:54030]
十月 05, 2021 11:54:13 上午 io.netty.handler.logging.LoggingHandler channelReadComplete
信息: [id: 0xd399474f, L:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:9527] READ COMPLETE
[INFO] [2021-10-05 11:54:13.432] [nioEventLoopGroup-2-1] [c.g.h.r.s.h.RpcServerHandler.channelActive] - [Server] channel {} connected 00e04cfffe360988-00001d34-00000001-2a80d950d8166c0c-bc9f5927
[INFO] [2021-10-05 11:54:13.495] [nioEventLoopGroup-2-1] [c.g.h.r.s.h.RpcServerHandler.channelRead0] - [Server] receive channel 00e04cfffe360988-00001d34-00000001-2a80d950d8166c0c-bc9f5927 request: CalculateRequest{one=1, two=2} from 
[INFO] [2021-10-05 11:54:13.505] [nioEventLoopGroup-2-1] [c.g.h.r.s.h.RpcServerHandler.channelRead0] - [Server] channel 00e04cfffe360988-00001d34-00000001-2a80d950d8166c0c-bc9f5927 response CalculateResponse{success=true, sum=3}

小结

为了便于大家学习,以上源码已经开源:

https://github.com/houbb/rpc

希望本文对你有所帮助,如果喜欢,欢迎点赞收藏转发一波。

我是老马,期待与你的下次相遇。

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