学生管理系统应具备的功能:
●添加学生及成绩信息
●将学生信息保存到文件中
●修改和删除学生信息
●查询学生信息
●根据学坐成绩进行排序
●统计学生的总分
系统功能结构:
●录入学生信息模块.
●查找学生信息模块
●删除学生信息模块.
●修改学生信息模块.
●学生成绩排名模块
●统计学生总人数模块
●显示全部学生信息模块
def main():
while True:
menm()
choice = int(input('请选择:'))
if choice in [0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7]:
if choice == 0:
answer=input('您确定要退出系统吗?y/n:\n'
if answer=='y' or answer=='Y' :
print('谢谢您的使用!!!')
break #退出系统
else:
continue
elif choice == 1:
insert() #录入学生信息
elif choice == 2:
search()
elif choice == 3:
delete()
elif choice == 4:
modify()
elif choice == 5:
sort()
elif choice == 6:
total()
elif choice == 7:
show()
def insert():
pass
def search():
pass
def delete():
pass
def modify():
pass
def sort():
pass
def total():
pass
def show():
pass
def menm() :
print('====================学生信息管理系统========================')
print('-----------------功能菜单-----------------------')
print(' \t\t(t\t\t\t1.录入学生信息')
print(' \t\t\t\t\t\t2.查找学生信息')
print(' \t\t\t\t\t\t3.删除学生信息')
print(' \t\t\t\t\t\t4.修改学生信息')
print(' \t\t\t\t\t\t5.排序')
print(' \t\t\t\t\t\t6.统计学生总人数')
print(' \t\t\t\t\t\t7.显示所有学生信息')
print(' \t\t\t\t\t\t0.退出')
print('-------------------------------------------------------------'
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
filename = 'student.txt'
def insert():
student_list=[]
while True:
id = input('请输入ID(如1001):')
if not id:
break
name = input('请输入姓名:')
if not name:
break
try:
english=int(input('请输入英语成绩:'))
python=int(input('请输入Python成绩:'))
java=int(input('请输入Java成绩:'))
except:
print('输入无效,不是整数类型,请重新输入')
continue
#将录入的学生信息保存到字典中
student={'id':id,'name'; name,'english':english,'python': python,'java':java}
#将学生信息添加到列表中
student_list.append(student)
answer=input('是否继续添加?y/n:\n')
if answer=='y' :
continue
else:
break
# 调用save()函数
save(student_list)
print("学生信息录入完毕!!!")
def save(lst):
try:
stu_txt = open(filename,'a',encoding = 'utf-8')
except:
stu_txt = open(filename,'w',encoding = 'utf-8')
for item in lst:
stu_txt.write(str(item)+'\n')
stu_txt.close()
def delete():
while True:
student_id=input('请输入要删除的学生的ID: ')
if student_id!='':
if os.path.exists(filename):
with open(filename,'r' ,encoding='utf-8') as file:
student_old=file.readlines()
else:
student_old=[]
flag=False #标记是否删除
if student_old:
with open(filename,'w',encoding='utf-8') as wfile:
d= {}
for item in student_old:
d=dict(eval(item)) #将字符串转成字典
if d['id']!=student_id:
wfile.write(str(d)+'\n' )
else:
flag= True
if flag:
print(f'id为{student_ id} 的学生信息已被删除')
else:
print (f'没有找到ID为(student_id} 的学生信息')
else:
print('无学生信息')
break
show() #删除之后要重新显示所有学生信息
answer=input('是否继续删除?y/n:\n' )
if answer=='y':
continue
else:
break
def modify()
show()
if os.path.exists(filename):
with open(filenane,'r',encoding=' utf-8') as rfile:
student_old=rfile.readlines()
else:
return
student_id=input('请输入要修改的学员的ID:')
with open(filename,'w',encoding:'utf-8') as wfile:
for item in student_old:
d=dict(eval(item))
if d['id']== student_id :
print('找到学生信息,可以修改他的相关信息了!')
while True:
try:
d['name']=input('请输入姓名:')
d['english']=input('请输入英语成绩:')
d['python']=input('请输入Python成绩:')
d['java']=input('请输入Java成绩:')
except :
print('您的输入有误,请重新输入!!!')
else:
break
wfile.rite(str(d)+'\n')
print('修改成功!!!')
else:
wfile.write(str(d)+'\n')
answer=input('是否继续修改其它学生信息?y/n:\n')
if answer=='y':
modify()
def search():
student_query=[]
while True:
id=''
name=''
if os.path.exists(filename):
mode=input('按ID查找请输入1,按姓名查找请输入2: ')
if mode=='1':
id=input('请输入学生ID:' )
elif mode=='2':
name=input('请输入学生姓名:')
else:
print('您的输入有误,请重新输入:')
search()
with open(filename,'r',encoding='utf-8') as rfile:
student=rfile.readlines()
for item in student :
d=dict(eval(item))
if id!='':
if d['id']==id:
student_query.append(d)
elif name !='':
if d['name']== name :
student_query.append(d)
#显示查询结果
show_student(student_query)
# 请空列表
student_query.clear()
answer=input('是否要继续查询?y/n:\n' )
if answer=='y':
continue
else :
break
else:
print('暂未保存学生信息')
return
def show_student(lst):
if len(1st)==0:
print('没有查询到学生信息,无数据显示! ! ! ' )
return
#定义标题显示格式
format_title='{:^6}\t{:^12}\t{:^8}\t{:^10}\t{:^10}\t{:^8}'
print(format_title.format('ID','姓名','英语成绩','Python成绩','Java成绩','总成绩'))
#定义内容的显示格式
format_data='{: 6}\t{:^12}\t{:^8}\t{:^10}\t{:^10}\t{:^8}'
for item in lst:
print(format_data.format(item.get('id'),
item.get('name'),
item.get('english'),
item.get('python'),
item.get('java'),
int(item.get('english'))+int(item.get('python'))+(item.get('java'))
))
def total():
if os.path.exists(filename):
with open(filename,'r',encoding=' utf-8') as rfile:
students=rfile.readlines()
if students:
print(f'-共有{len (students)}名学生')
else:
print('还没有录入学生信息')
else :
print('暂未保存数据信息...')
def show():
student_lst= []
if os.path.exists(filename):
with open(filename,'r',encoding='utf-8') as rfile:
students=rfile.readlines()
for item in students:
student_1st.append(eval(item))
if student_lst:
show_student(student_lst)
else:
print('暂未保存过数据!!!')
def sort():
show()
if os.path.exists(filename):
with open(filename,'r',encoding='utf-8') as rfile:
student_list=rfile.readlines()
student_new=[]
for item in student_list :
d=dict(eval(item))
student_new.append(d)
else:
return
asc_or_desc= input('请选择(0.升序1.降序):')
if asc_or_desc=='0':
asc_or_desc_bool = False
elif asc_or_desc=='1':
asc_or_desc_bool = True
else:
print('您的输入有误,请重新输入')
sort()
mode=input('请选择排序方式(1.按英语成绩排序2. 按Python成绩排序3.按Java成绩排序0.按总成绩排序):')
if mode=='1':
student_new.sort(key=lambda x: x['english'],reverse=asc_or_desc_bool)
elif mode =='2':
student_new.sort(key=lambda x: x['python'],reverse=asc_or_desc_bool)
elif mode=='3':
student_new.sort(key=lambda x: x['java'],reverse=asc_or_desc_bool)
elif mode='0':
student_new.sort(key=lambda x: x['english']+x['python']+x['java'],reverse=asc_or_desc_bool)
else:
print('您的输入有误,请重新输入!!!')
sort()
show_student(student_new)
详见https://blog.csdn.net/hhhmonkey/article/details/129009196?spm=1001.2014.3001.5502
【参考】https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1wD4y1o7AS