第7章部分习题

练习5:(1)创建两个带有默认构造器的类A、B。从A中继承产生一个名为C的新类,并在C内创建B类的成员。C中无构造器。创建一个C类的对象并观察其结果。

package com.gzy.think;

public class P05 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new C();
    }
}

class A{
    public A() {
        System.out.println("我是A()");
    }
}

class B{
    public B() {
        System.out.println("我是B()");
    }
}
class C extends A {
    B b = new B();
}

output:

我是A()
我是B()

练习6:用代码证明“调用基类构造器必须是你在导出类构造器中要做的第一件事”

package com.gzy.think;

public class P06 extends BoardGame {
    P06() {
        super(1);
        System.out.println("Chess constructor");
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new P06();
    }
}

class Game {
    Game(int i) {
        System.out.println("Game constructor");
    }
}
class BoardGame extends Game {
    BoardGame(int i) {
        super(i);
        System.out.println("BoardGame constructor");
    }
}

output:

Game constructor
BoardGame constructor
Chess constructor

但是如果没有调用基类构造器,也即注释掉super(i),会出现如下错误:

noUse.png

练习7:修改练习5,使A和B以带参数的构造器取代默认的构造器。为C写一个构造器并在其中执行所有的初始化。

package com.gzy.think;

class A2{
    public A2(int i) {
        System.out.println("我是A2()" + i);
    }
}

class B2{
    public B2(String s) {
        System.out.println("我是B2()"+ s );
    }
}
class C2 extends A2 {
    public C2(int i,String s) {
        super(i);
        new B2(s);
    }
}
public class P07 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new C2(1,"Init String");
    }
}

output:

我是A2()1
我是B2()Init String

练习8:创建一个基类,仅有一个非默认构造器;再创建一个导出类,它带有默认构造器和非默认构造器。在导出类的构造器中调用基类的构造器。

package com.gzy.think;

class NonDefaultBase {
    public NonDefaultBase(int i) {

    }
}
class DerivedTwoConstructors extends NonDefaultBase {
    public DerivedTwoConstructors() {
        super(1);
        System.out.println("默认构造器");
    }
    public DerivedTwoConstructors(int i) {
        super(i);
        System.out.println("非默认构造器  " + i);
    }
    
}
public class P08 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new DerivedTwoConstructors();
        new DerivedTwoConstructors(11);
    }
}

output:

默认构造器
非默认构造器  11

练习9:创建一个Root类,令其含有名为Component1、Component2、Component3的类的各一个实例。从Root中派生一个Stem,也含有上述各“组成部分”。所有的类应带有可打印出类的相关信息的默认构造器。

package com.gzy.think;

class Component1 {
    public Component1() {
        System.out.println("Component1");
    }
}
class Component2 {
    public Component2() {
        System.out.println("Component2");
    }
}
class Component3 {
    public Component3() {
        System.out.println("Component3");
    }
}
class Root {
    Component1 c1 = new Component1();
    Component2 c2 = new Component2();
    Component3 c3 = new Component3();
    public Root() {
        System.out.println("Root");
    }
}
class Stem extends Root {
    Component1 c1 = new Component1();
    Component2 c2 = new Component2();
    Component3 c3 = new Component3();
    public Stem() {
        System.out.println("Stem");
    }
}
public class P09 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Stem();
    }
}

output:

Component1
Component2
Component3
Root
Component1
Component2
Component3
Stem

练习11:修改Detergent.java,让它使用代理。

package com.gzy.think;

class Cleanser {
    private String s = "Cleanser";
    public void append(String a) {
        s += a;
    }
    public void dilute() {
        append(" diulte()");
    }
    public void apply() {
        append(" apply()");
    }
    public void scrub() {
        append(" scrub()");
    }
    public String toString() {
        return s;
    }
}
public class DetergentDelegation {
    private Cleanser cleanser = new Cleanser();
    public void append(String a) {
        cleanser.append(a);
    }
    public void dilute() {
        cleanser.dilute();
    }
    public void apply() {
        cleanser.apply();
    }
    public String toString() {
        return cleanser.toString();
    }
    public void scrub() {
        append(" DetergentDelegation.scrub()");
        cleanser.scrub();
    }
    public void foam() {
        append(" foam()");
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        DetergentDelegation x = new DetergentDelegation();
        x.dilute();
        x.apply();
        x.scrub();
        x.foam();
        System.out.println(x);
        System.out.println("Testing base class");
    }
}

output

Cleanser diulte() apply() DetergentDelegation.scrub() scrub() foam()
Testing base class

练习13:创建一个类,带有一个被重载了三次的方法。继承产生一个新类,并添加一个该方法的新的重载定义,展示这四个方法在导出类中都可使用。

package com.gzy.think;

class ThreeOverloads {
    public void f(int i) {
        System.out.println("f(int i)");
    }
    public void f(double d) {
        System.out.println("f(double d)");
    }
    public void f(char c) {
        System.out.println("f(char c)");
    }
}
class FourOverloads extends ThreeOverloads {
    public void f(String s){
        System.out.println("f(String s)");
    }
}
public class P13 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        FourOverloads fo = new FourOverloads();
        fo.f(1);
        fo.f(1.111);
        fo.f('x');
        fo.f("sdd");    
    }   
}

output

f(int i)
f(double d)
f(char c)
f(String s)

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