本系列其他文章是:
[翻译] TensorFlow 分布式之论文篇 “TensorFlow : Large-Scale Machine Learning on Heterogeneous Distributed Syst
[翻译] TensorFlow 分布式之论文篇 “Implementation of Control Flow in TensorFlow“
[源码解析] TensorFlow 分布式环境(1) — 总体架构
Server 上运行了两个 RPC 服务,分别是MasterService 和 WorkerService。如果 Client 接入到Server,那么Server 就是 Master 角色,Client 访问的就是 MasterService 服务(MasterService 同时负责协调和控制多个 WorkerService 的执行过程)。
Master 这个角色的具体实现是 Master Service。Master Service是一个GRPC service,用于与一系列远端的分布式设备进行交互来协调多个worker service。
Client 通过 GrpcSession 调用 Master Service,既然是 RPC 服务,那么 Client 和 MasterService 之间就需要有一个接口规范。这个规范定义在 master_service.proto 文件中,其定义了各个接口的消息体。
service MasterService {
// Creates a session.
rpc CreateSession(CreateSessionRequest) returns (CreateSessionResponse);
// Extends a session.
rpc ExtendSession(ExtendSessionRequest) returns (ExtendSessionResponse);
// Prepares future partial run calls.
rpc PartialRunSetup(PartialRunSetupRequest) returns (PartialRunSetupResponse);
// Drives the graph computation.
rpc RunStep(RunStepRequest) returns (RunStepResponse);
// Closes a session.
rpc CloseSession(CloseSessionRequest) returns (CloseSessionResponse);
// List the devices usable by the master.
rpc ListDevices(ListDevicesRequest) returns (ListDevicesResponse);
// Close and abandon all existing sessions. Ongoing computations
// will no longer affect fresh ones via the resources in containers listed in
// the ResetRequest. See ResetRequest for more details.
rpc Reset(ResetRequest) returns (ResetResponse);
// Registers a callable for execution with RunCallable.
rpc MakeCallable(MakeCallableRequest) returns (MakeCallableResponse);
// Executes a callable registered with MakeCallable.
rpc RunCallable(RunCallableRequest) returns (RunCallableResponse);
// Frees resources associated with a callable registered with MakeCallable.
rpc ReleaseCallable(ReleaseCallableRequest) returns (ReleaseCallableResponse);
}
Client 使用接口 MasterInterface 获取远端 MasterService 的服务。MasterInterface 是接口类,是 Client 与 TensorFlow Master service 进行通信的抽象接口。这个接口既支持基于 RPC 的 master 实现,也支持不需要 RPC 往返的进程内部的 master 实现。MasterInterface 所有接口都是同步接口,这样 Client 就像调用本地函数一样调用远端 MasterService 提供的服务。
MasterInterface有两种实现,都是用来和 Master service 进行通信,
class MasterInterface {
public:
virtual ~MasterInterface() {}
virtual Status CreateSession(CallOptions* call_options,
const CreateSessionRequest* request,
CreateSessionResponse* response) = 0;
virtual Status ExtendSession(CallOptions* call_options,
const ExtendSessionRequest* request,
ExtendSessionResponse* response) = 0;
virtual Status PartialRunSetup(CallOptions* call_options,
const PartialRunSetupRequest* request,
PartialRunSetupResponse* response) {
return errors::Unimplemented("Partial run not implemented for this master");
}
virtual Status RunStep(CallOptions* call_options,
RunStepRequestWrapper* request,
MutableRunStepResponseWrapper* response) = 0;
virtual Status RunStep(CallOptions* call_options,
const RunStepRequest* request,
RunStepResponse* response) {
std::unique_ptr<RunStepRequestWrapper> wrapped_request(
new ProtoRunStepRequest(request));
std::unique_ptr<MutableRunStepResponseWrapper> wrapped_response(
new NonOwnedProtoRunStepResponse(response));
return RunStep(call_options, wrapped_request.get(), wrapped_response.get());
}
virtual MutableRunStepRequestWrapper* CreateRunStepRequest() {
MutableProtoRunStepRequest* ret = new MutableProtoRunStepRequest;
ret->request_.set_request_id(GetUniqueRequestId());
return ret;
}
virtual MutableRunStepResponseWrapper* CreateRunStepResponse() {
return new OwnedProtoRunStepResponse;
}
virtual Status CloseSession(CallOptions* call_options,
const CloseSessionRequest* request,
CloseSessionResponse* response) = 0;
virtual Status ListDevices(CallOptions* call_options,
const ListDevicesRequest* request,
ListDevicesResponse* response) = 0;
virtual Status Reset(CallOptions* call_options, const ResetRequest* request,
ResetResponse* response) = 0;
virtual Status MakeCallable(CallOptions* call_options,
const MakeCallableRequest* request,
MakeCallableResponse* response) = 0;
virtual Status RunCallable(CallOptions* call_options,
const RunCallableRequest* request,
RunCallableResponse* response) = 0;
virtual Status ReleaseCallable(CallOptions* call_options,
const ReleaseCallableRequest* request,
ReleaseCallableResponse* response) = 0;
protected:
// NOTE: This should only be called by implementations of this
// interface whose CreateRunStepResponse() method returns a
// proto-based wrappers for the RunStepResponse message.
RunStepResponse* get_proto_from_wrapper(
MutableRunStepResponseWrapper* wrapper) {
return wrapper->get_proto();
}
};
具体使用如下,如果 Client 和 Master 在同一个进程,则直接使用 LocalMaster,否则使用 GrpcRemoteMaster 来利用 gRPC 访问远程 GrpcMasterService。图上两个矩形封装的 Master 代表实际的 Master 类,此类实现了具体 Master 功能。
图 1 Master 逻辑结构
下面的伪代码说明了客户端如何与 master 交互,这其实就是分布式模式之中,使用 GrpcRemoteMaster 来通过 gRPC 与远端 MasterSerivce 服务交互的过程。
stub = NewStub("/job:mnist/replica:0/task:0")
{handle} = stub->CreateSession({graph_def})
do {
stub->RunStep({handle, {feeds}, {fetches}})
// The client can evaluate a predicate locally, based on the
// result of fetches, to determine whether to terminate. For
// example, it might fetch the loss and evaluate whether it is less
// than some threshold.
} while (!should_stop({fetches}));
stub->CloseSession({handle})
当 Client 调用时候,GrpcSession 使用 LocalMaster 获取本地master,如果没有得到,则才使用 GrpcRemoteMaster。此时 Client 和 master 没有跨节点,LocalMaster 使客户端和master之间能够直接进行进程内通信,这样就可以给同进程内部的Client提供更高效的Master服务。
LocalMaster 定义如下,主要成员变量就是 master_impl_。LocalMaster 其实就是一个壳而已,直接转发给master_impl_。master_impl_ 是当 Client 和 master 没有跨节点时候,本地直接调用的类。
class LocalMaster : public MasterInterface {
private:
Master* master_impl_; // Not owned.
const int64 default_timeout_in_ms_;
// See LocalMaster::Lookup for the factory function that creates
// objects of this type.
LocalMaster(Master* master_impl, const int64 default_timeout_in_ms);
TF_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(LocalMaster);
};
LocalMaster 有一个静态变量 local_master_registry_ 用来注册。
typedef std::unordered_map<string, MasterInfo> LocalMasterRegistry;
LocalMasterRegistry* local_master_registry() {
static LocalMasterRegistry* local_master_registry_ = new LocalMasterRegistry;
return local_master_registry_;
}
在 GrpcServer 初始化时候,调用如下代码把 target=“grpc://” 生成的 Master 注册到本地 LocalMaster。
LocalMaster::Register(target(), master_impl_.get(), config.operation_timeout_in_ms());
就是把 master 注册到这个static变量 local_master_registry_ 之中。
/* static */
void LocalMaster::Register(const string& target, Master* master,
int64 default_timeout_in_ms) {
mutex_lock l(*get_local_master_registry_lock());
local_master_registry()->insert(
{target, MasterInfo(master, default_timeout_in_ms)});
}
当调用 GrpcSession::Create 方法时候,如果 Client 和 Master 在同一个进程,Lookup 在本地能够找到注册的 Master,则会生成一个 LocalMaster 返回,同时 LocalMaster 的 master_impl_ 就配置成找到的 Master。如果找不到,就返回空,则 GrpcSession::Create 方法会创建一个 GrpcRemoterMaster,这样就同远端 Master 进行交互。
/* static */
std::unique_ptr<LocalMaster> LocalMaster::Lookup(const string& target) {
std::unique_ptr<LocalMaster> ret;
mutex_lock l(*get_local_master_registry_lock());
auto iter = local_master_registry()->find(target);
if (iter != local_master_registry()->end()) {
ret.reset(new LocalMaster(iter->second.master,
iter->second.default_timeout_in_ms));
}
return ret;
}
以下是同一个进程,Lookup 可以找到的情况,生成 LocalMaster 进行本地操作。
图 2 同进程 master 操作
我们看看不同进程的情况。此时进程 1 之中的 LocalMaster 没有指向任何 Master,因为本地没有启动 Server,所以 GrpcSession::Create 方法第一步 Lookup 调用失败,返回 Null,GrpcSession::Create 方法执行第二步骤,创建 GrpcRemoteMaster,进行远程交互。进程 2 之中,LocalMaster 因为没有客户端调用 GrpcSession::Create 方法,所以也没有指向任何 Master。
图 3 跨进程 master 操作
LocalMaster 调用到其内部成员变量 master_impl_ 来完成业务功能。
Status LocalMaster::CreateSession(CallOptions* call_options,
const CreateSessionRequest* request,
CreateSessionResponse* response) {
Notification n;
Status ret;
master_impl_->CreateSession(request, response, [&n, &ret](const Status& s) {
ret.Update(s);
n.Notify();
});
TF_RETURN_IF_ERROR(
WaitForNotification(call_options, default_timeout_in_ms_, &n));
return ret;
}
Status LocalMaster::ExtendSession(CallOptions* call_options,
const ExtendSessionRequest* request,
ExtendSessionResponse* response) {
Notification n;
Status ret;
master_impl_->ExtendSession(request, response, [&n, &ret](const Status& s) {
ret.Update(s);
n.Notify();
});
TF_RETURN_IF_ERROR(
WaitForNotification(call_options, default_timeout_in_ms_, &n));
return ret;
}
Status LocalMaster::RunStep(CallOptions* call_options,
RunStepRequestWrapper* request,
MutableRunStepResponseWrapper* response) {
Notification n;
Status ret;
master_impl_->RunStep(call_options, request, response,
[&n, &ret](const Status& s) {
ret.Update(s);
n.Notify();
});
TF_RETURN_IF_ERROR(
WaitForNotification(call_options, default_timeout_in_ms_, &n));
return ret;
}
GrpcRemoteMaster 是 gRPC 客户端的一种实现, 其终通过 Stub 调用远端 Master 上的 GrpcMasterService 服务,这样调用行为就犹如本地函数调用一样。远端 GrpcMasterService 实现了 MasterService 服务定义的所有接口,是 MasterService 服务的真正实体。当创建 GrpcRemoteMaster 实例时候,需要通过 target 来指定 Master 服务的地址和端口,并且创建对应的 RPC 通道。GrpcSession 和 GrpcRemoteMaster 从严格意义上讲都是 Client 实现的一部分。
GrpcRemoteMaster 具体定义如下,主要是使用了MasterServiceStub。
// GrpcRemoteMaster is an implementation of the MasterInterface
// that uses gRPC to talk to the Master service.
class GrpcRemoteMaster : public MasterInterface {
using MasterServiceStub = grpc::MasterService::Stub;
public:
explicit GrpcRemoteMaster(const SharedGrpcChannelPtr& client_channel)
: stub_(grpc::MasterService::NewStub(client_channel)) {}
~GrpcRemoteMaster() override {}
std::unique_ptr<MasterServiceStub> stub_;
};
GrpcRemoteMaster 的功能很简单,就是通过 gRPC 的一 个 stub 调用远端 Master 服务的相应接口。
我们使用 CreateSession 为例看看,是使用 CallWithRetry 完成功能。
Status CreateSession(CallOptions* call_options,
const CreateSessionRequest* request,
CreateSessionResponse* response) override {
return CallWithRetry(call_options, request, response,
&MasterServiceStub::CreateSession);
}
CallWithRetry 代码如下,其又是调用 s = FromGrpcStatus((stub_.get()->*pfunc)(&ctx, *request, response)) 获取 Stub 来完成功能。
template <typename Request, typename Response>
Status CallWithRetry(CallOptions* call_options, const Request* request,
Response* response,
::grpc::Status (MasterServiceStub::*pfunc)(
::grpc::ClientContext*, const Request&, Response*),
string trace_string = {}) {
absl::Duration timeout = absl::Milliseconds(call_options->GetTimeout());
absl::Time expired_time = absl::FromUnixMicros(Env::Default()->NowMicros());
if (timeout > absl::ZeroDuration()) {
expired_time += timeout;
}
Status s;
for (int num_retries = 0;; ++num_retries) {
::grpc::ClientContext ctx;
std::unique_ptr<profiler::TraceMe> trace;
if (!trace_string.empty()) {
trace.reset(NewTraceRpc(trace_string, &ctx));
}
ctx.set_fail_fast(false);
if (timeout > absl::ZeroDuration()) {
// We do not modify the timeout here to match legacy behavior. However,
// this could violate the contract of tensorflow::Session. If we retry
// an RPC just before the deadline is exceeded, we will still set the
// timeout to the original value. This leads to the overall timeout
// being double what was expected.
ctx.set_deadline(absl::ToChronoTime(absl::Now() + timeout));
}
s = FromGrpcStatus((stub_.get()->*pfunc)(&ctx, *request, response));
if (!errors::IsUnavailable(s)) {
return s;
}
// TODO(b/117162170): we may want to make this configurable.
constexpr int kMaxRetries = 10;
if (num_retries >= kMaxRetries) {
return s;
}
absl::Time now = absl::FromUnixMicros(Env::Default()->NowMicros());
const absl::Time deadline_with_backoff =
now + absl::Microseconds(ComputeBackoffMicroseconds(num_retries));
// Wait for a short period of time before retrying the RPC. If our
// backoff would put us past the RPC deadline, we truncate it to ensure
// our RPC starts before the deadline.
const auto backoff_until = (timeout <= absl::ZeroDuration() ||
expired_time > deadline_with_backoff)
? deadline_with_backoff
: expired_time;
Env::Default()->SleepForMicroseconds(
absl::ToInt64Microseconds(backoff_until - now));
now = absl::FromUnixMicros(Env::Default()->NowMicros());
if (now > expired_time && timeout > absl::ZeroDuration()) {
// If timeout_in_ms is set, exit the retry loop on timeout.
return errors::DeadlineExceeded(ctx.debug_error_string());
}
}
}
接下来我们看看 Stub,这是依据 “//tensorflow/core/protobuf/master_service.proto” 来使用 grpc 实现的。
class Stub final : public StubInterface {
public:
Stub(const std::shared_ptr< ::grpc::ChannelInterface>& channel);
::grpc::Status CreateSession(::grpc::ClientContext* context,
const CreateSessionRequest& request,
CreateSessionResponse* response) override;
::grpc::Status ExtendSession(::grpc::ClientContext* context,
const ExtendSessionRequest& request,
ExtendSessionResponse* response) override;
::grpc::Status PartialRunSetup(::grpc::ClientContext* context,
const PartialRunSetupRequest& request,
PartialRunSetupResponse* response) override;
::grpc::Status RunStep(::grpc::ClientContext* context,
const RunStepRequest& request,
RunStepResponse* response) override;
::grpc::Status CloseSession(::grpc::ClientContext* context,
const CloseSessionRequest& request,
CloseSessionResponse* response) override;
::grpc::Status ListDevices(::grpc::ClientContext* context,
const ListDevicesRequest& request,
ListDevicesResponse* response) override;
::grpc::Status Reset(::grpc::ClientContext* context,
const ResetRequest& request,
ResetResponse* response) override;
::grpc::Status MakeCallable(::grpc::ClientContext* context,
const MakeCallableRequest& request,
MakeCallableResponse* response) override;
::grpc::Status RunCallable(::grpc::ClientContext* context,
const RunCallableRequest& request,
RunCallableResponse* response) override;
::grpc::Status ReleaseCallable(::grpc::ClientContext* context,
const ReleaseCallableRequest& request,
ReleaseCallableResponse* response) override;
private:
std::shared_ptr< ::grpc::ChannelInterface> channel_;
const ::grpc::internal::RpcMethod rpcmethod_CreateSession_;
const ::grpc::internal::RpcMethod rpcmethod_ExtendSession_;
const ::grpc::internal::RpcMethod rpcmethod_PartialRunSetup_;
const ::grpc::internal::RpcMethod rpcmethod_RunStep_;
const ::grpc::internal::RpcMethod rpcmethod_CloseSession_;
const ::grpc::internal::RpcMethod rpcmethod_ListDevices_;
const ::grpc::internal::RpcMethod rpcmethod_Reset_;
const ::grpc::internal::RpcMethod rpcmethod_MakeCallable_;
const ::grpc::internal::RpcMethod rpcmethod_RunCallable_;
const ::grpc::internal::RpcMethod rpcmethod_ReleaseCallable_;
};
具体远端的对应方法是:
static const char* grpcMasterService_method_names[] = {
"/tensorflow.MasterService/CreateSession",
"/tensorflow.MasterService/ExtendSession",
"/tensorflow.MasterService/PartialRunSetup",
"/tensorflow.MasterService/RunStep",
"/tensorflow.MasterService/CloseSession",
"/tensorflow.MasterService/ListDevices",
"/tensorflow.MasterService/Reset",
"/tensorflow.MasterService/MakeCallable",
"/tensorflow.MasterService/RunCallable",
"/tensorflow.MasterService/ReleaseCallable",
};
std::unique_ptr<MasterService::Stub> MasterService::NewStub(
const std::shared_ptr< ::grpc::ChannelInterface>& channel,
const ::grpc::StubOptions& options) {
std::unique_ptr<MasterService::Stub> stub(new MasterService::Stub(channel));
return stub;
}
Stub 内部调用 grpc 完成发送功能。
::grpc::Status MasterService::Stub::CreateSession(
::grpc::ClientContext* context, const CreateSessionRequest& request,
CreateSessionResponse* response) {
return ::grpc::internal::BlockingUnaryCall(
channel_.get(), rpcmethod_CreateSession_, context, request, response);
}
所以,如果是 GrpcRemoteMaster,则调用流程应该是:GrpcRemoteMaster 接收到 grpc session 的请求,转交给 grpc master service,这期间经历了 GrpcSession -> GrpcRemoteMaster -> GrpcMasterService -> Master -> MasterSession 一系列流程。
当建立 GrpcSession 时候,create 方法之中会先查找有没有 Master。如果找到了就直接返回 LocalMaster,这部分我们前面介绍过。如果 Lookup 找不到。所以会调用 NewGrpcMaster 生成一个 GrpcRemoteMaster。
/* static */
Status GrpcSession::Create(const SessionOptions& options,
std::unique_ptr<GrpcSession>* out_session) {
std::unique_ptr<GrpcSession> session(new GrpcSession(options));
std::unique_ptr<MasterInterface> master;
// For testing, we enable the client to disable the use of the local
// master registry, so that the RPC stack is exercised.
if (!options.config.rpc_options().use_rpc_for_inprocess_master()) {
master = LocalMaster::Lookup(options.target);
}
if (!master) {
SharedGrpcChannelPtr master_channel;
TF_RETURN_IF_ERROR(
NewHostPortGrpcChannel(options.target.substr(kSchemePrefixLength),
&options.config.rpc_options(), &master_channel));
// 建立 GrpcRemoteMaster,与远端 Master 交互
master.reset(NewGrpcMaster(master_channel));
} else {
session->is_local_ = true;
}
session->SetRemoteMaster(std::move(master));
*out_session = std::move(session);
return Status::OK();
}
NewGrpcMaster 方法具体如下:
MasterInterface* NewGrpcMaster(const SharedGrpcChannelPtr& channel) {
return new GrpcRemoteMaster(channel);
}
GrpcMasterService 实现了 RPC 对应的 MasterService。GrpcMasterService 会:
GrpcServer 之中,master_service_ 是 GrpcMasterService 类型的变量。
// 创建 Master 以及对应的 GrpcMasterService
master_impl_ = CreateMaster(&master_env_);
master_service_ = NewGrpcMasterService(master_impl_.get(), config, &builder);
GrpcServer 使用 master_thread_ 线程来执行 GrpcMasterService 的 HandleRPCsLoop方法。
master_thread_.reset(
env_->StartThread(ThreadOptions(), "TF_master_service",
[this] { master_service_->HandleRPCsLoop(); }));
GrpcMasterService 定义如下,master_impl_ 是 Server 传入的 master 指针,是一个 Master 类的实例:
class GrpcMasterService : public AsyncServiceInterface {
Master* master_impl_ = nullptr; // Not owned.
std::unique_ptr<::grpc::ServerCompletionQueue> cq_;
grpc::MasterService::AsyncService master_service_;
mutex mu_;
bool is_shutdown_ TF_GUARDED_BY(mu_);
const ConfigProto default_session_config_;
::grpc::Alarm* shutdown_alarm_ = nullptr;
template <class RequestMessage, class ResponseMessage>
using MasterCall = Call<GrpcMasterService, grpc::MasterService::AsyncService,
RequestMessage, ResponseMessage>;
}
GrpcMasterService 初始化时候,会得到 grpc 的消息队列 cq_。
GrpcMasterService(Master* master, const ConfigProto& default_session_config,
::grpc::ServerBuilder* builder)
: master_impl_(master),
is_shutdown_(false),
default_session_config_(default_session_config) {
builder->RegisterService(&master_service_);
cq_ = builder->AddCompletionQueue();
}
前面提到了,master_thread_ 线程来执行 GrpcMasterService 的 HandleRPCsLoop 方法。HandleRPCsLoop 会调用 GrpcMasterService 内部函数来进行处理RPC消息。主循环 HandleRPCsLoop 代码如下:
void HandleRPCsLoop() override {
ENQUEUE_REQUEST(CreateSession, true);
ENQUEUE_REQUEST(ExtendSession, false);
for (int i = 0; i < 100; ++i) {
ENQUEUE_REQUEST(PartialRunSetup, false);
ENQUEUE_REQUEST(RunStep, true);
}
ENQUEUE_REQUEST(CloseSession, false);
ENQUEUE_REQUEST(ListDevices, false);
ENQUEUE_REQUEST(Reset, false);
ENQUEUE_REQUEST(MakeCallable, false);
for (int i = 0; i < 100; ++i) {
ENQUEUE_REQUEST(RunCallable, true);
}
ENQUEUE_REQUEST(ReleaseCallable, false);
void* tag;
bool ok;
while (cq_->Next(&tag, &ok)) {
UntypedCall<GrpcMasterService>::Tag* callback_tag =
static_cast<UntypedCall<GrpcMasterService>::Tag*>(tag);
if (callback_tag) {
callback_tag->OnCompleted(this, ok);
} else {
// NOTE(mrry): A null callback_tag indicates that this is
// the shutdown alarm.
cq_->Shutdown();
}
}
}
上面代码之中有一些最佳实践,具体就是围绕 ENQUEUE_REQUEST 做了一些处理:
#define ENQUEUE_REQUEST(method, supports_cancel) \
do { \
mutex_lock l(mu_); \
if (!is_shutdown_) { \
Call:: \
EnqueueRequest(&master_service_, cq_.get(), \
&grpc::MasterService::AsyncService::Request##method, \
&GrpcMasterService::method##Handler, \
(supports_cancel)); \
} \
} while (0)
在具体消息响应之中,会调用 master_impl_ 进行处理,当 Master 处理完成之后,处理函数将回调一个 lambda 表达式,向 Client 返回的响应消息。可以看到,代码在最后会使用 ENQUEUE_REQUEST 再插入一个同样类型的请求,比如下面最后会返回给 Client 一个 CreateSessionResponse。
// RPC handler for creating a session.
void CreateSessionHandler(
MasterCall<CreateSessionRequest, CreateSessionResponse>* call) {
CreateSessionRequest* rewritten_req = new CreateSessionRequest;
rewritten_req->mutable_config()->MergeFrom(default_session_config_);
rewritten_req->MergeFrom(call->request);
master_impl_->CreateSession(rewritten_req, &call->response,
[call, rewritten_req](const Status& status) {
call->SendResponse(ToGrpcStatus(status));
delete rewritten_req;
});
ENQUEUE_REQUEST(CreateSession, true);
}
GrpcMasterService 提供的 API 如下:
static const char* grpcMasterService_method_names[] = {
"/tensorflow.MasterService/CreateSession",
"/tensorflow.MasterService/ExtendSession",
"/tensorflow.MasterService/PartialRunSetup",
"/tensorflow.MasterService/RunStep",
"/tensorflow.MasterService/CloseSession",
"/tensorflow.MasterService/ListDevices",
"/tensorflow.MasterService/Reset",
"/tensorflow.MasterService/MakeCallable",
"/tensorflow.MasterService/RunCallable",
"/tensorflow.MasterService/ReleaseCallable",
};
我们举出三个具体功能分析一下:
CreateSessionRequest 消息之中会带有 Client 设定的计算图和配置信息。Master 接收到请求之后,为这个 Client 建立一个 MasterSession 实例,并建立一个唯一地标识该 MasterSession 实例的 session_handle。这是通过 Master 类成员变量 std::unordered_map
Master 返回消息 CreateSessionResponse 给 Client。CreateSessionResponse 消息中携带:
图 4 CreateSession
具体响应代码如下:
// RPC handler for creating a session.
void CreateSessionHandler(
MasterCall<CreateSessionRequest, CreateSessionResponse>* call) {
CreateSessionRequest* rewritten_req = new CreateSessionRequest;
rewritten_req->mutable_config()->MergeFrom(default_session_config_);
rewritten_req->MergeFrom(call->request);
master_impl_->CreateSession(rewritten_req, &call->response,
[call, rewritten_req](const Status& status) {
call->SendResponse(ToGrpcStatus(status));
delete rewritten_req;
});
ENQUEUE_REQUEST(CreateSession, true);
}
当建立 Session 之后,Client 可以通过 ExtendSession 告诉 Master 我需要拓展原有计算图的规模 (只能追加子图,不能修改或删除)。
在请求消息 ExtendSessionRequest 中有:
在在响应消息 ExtendSessionResponse 中返回 new_graph_version,其用于下一此 ExtendSession 操作。
图 5 ExtendSession
具体代码如下:
// RPC handler for extending a session.
void ExtendSessionHandler(
MasterCall<ExtendSessionRequest, ExtendSessionResponse>* call) {
master_impl_->ExtendSession(&call->request, &call->response,
[call](const Status& status) {
call->SendResponse(ToGrpcStatus(status));
});
ENQUEUE_REQUEST(ExtendSession, false);
}
客户端会迭代执行 RunStep,请求消息 RunStepRequest 的变量较多,比如:
响应消息 RunStepResponse 主要携带:
图 6 RunStep
消息定义具体如下:
message RunStepRequest {
// REQUIRED: session_handle must be returned by a CreateSession call
// to the same master service.
string session_handle = 1;
// Tensors to be fed in the step. Each feed is a named tensor.
repeated NamedTensorProto feed = 2;
// Fetches. A list of tensor names. The caller expects a tensor to
// be returned for each fetch[i] (see RunStepResponse.tensor). The
// order of specified fetches does not change the execution order.
repeated string fetch = 3;
// Target Nodes. A list of node names. The named nodes will be run
// to but their outputs will not be fetched.
repeated string target = 4;
// Options for the run call.
RunOptions options = 5;
// Partial run handle (optional). If specified, this will be a partial run
// execution, run up to the specified fetches.
string partial_run_handle = 6;
// If true then some errors, e.g., execution errors that have long
// error messages, may return an OK RunStepResponse with the actual
// error saved in the status_code/status_error_message fields of the
// response body. This is a workaround since the RPC subsystem may
// truncate long metadata messages.
bool store_errors_in_response_body = 7;
// Unique identifier for this request. Every RunStepRequest must
// have a unique request_id, and retried RunStepRequest must have
// the same request_id. If request_id is zero, retry detection is disabled.
int64 request_id = 8;
}
message RunStepResponse {
// NOTE: The order of the returned tensors may or may not match
// the fetch order specified in RunStepRequest.
repeated NamedTensorProto tensor = 1;
// Returned metadata if requested in the options.
RunMetadata metadata = 2;
// If store_errors_in_response_body is true in the request, then
// optionally the server may return an OK status for the RPC and
// fill the true status into the fields below, to allow for messages
// that are too long to fit in metadata.
error.Code status_code = 3;
string status_error_message = 4;
}
具体代码如下:
// RPC handler for running one step in a session.
void RunStepHandler(MasterCall<RunStepRequest, RunStepResponse>* call) {
auto* trace = TraceRpc("RunStep/Server", call->client_metadata());
CallOptions* call_opts = new CallOptions;
if (call->request.options().timeout_in_ms() > 0) {
call_opts->SetTimeout(call->request.options().timeout_in_ms());
} else {
call_opts->SetTimeout(default_session_config_.operation_timeout_in_ms());
}
RunStepRequestWrapper* wrapped_request =
new ProtoRunStepRequest(&call->request);
MutableRunStepResponseWrapper* wrapped_response =
new NonOwnedProtoRunStepResponse(&call->response);
call->SetCancelCallback([call_opts]() { call_opts->StartCancel(); });
master_impl_->RunStep(
call_opts, wrapped_request, wrapped_response,
[call, call_opts, wrapped_request, trace](const Status& status) {
call->ClearCancelCallback();
delete call_opts;
delete wrapped_request;
delete trace;
if (call->request.store_errors_in_response_body() && !status.ok()) {
call->response.set_status_code(status.code());
call->response.set_status_error_message(status.error_message());
call->SendResponse(ToGrpcStatus(Status::OK()));
} else {
call->SendResponse(ToGrpcStatus(status));
}
});
ENQUEUE_REQUEST(RunStep, true);
}
前面提到了,GrpcServer 之中建立的是 Master 类的实例。
std::unique_ptr<Master> GrpcServer::CreateMaster(MasterEnv* master_env) {
return std::unique_ptr<Master>(new Master(master_env, 0.0));
}
这样,在收到 Client 的消息后,在具体消息响应之中,GrpcMasterService 的线程会调用 master_impl_ 进行处理,就是把业务逻辑委托给 Master 类来实现。所以我们接下来就看看 Master 如何处理。
// RPC handler for creating a session.
void CreateSessionHandler(
MasterCall<CreateSessionRequest, CreateSessionResponse>* call) {
CreateSessionRequest* rewritten_req = new CreateSessionRequest;
rewritten_req->mutable_config()->MergeFrom(default_session_config_);
rewritten_req->MergeFrom(call->request);
master_impl_->CreateSession(rewritten_req, &call->response,
[call, rewritten_req](const Status& status) {
call->SendResponse(ToGrpcStatus(status));
delete rewritten_req;
});
ENQUEUE_REQUEST(CreateSession, true);
}
Master 其实不是 MasterInterface 的派生类,其定义在tensorflow/core/distributed_runtime/master.cc。可以从成员变量 sessions_ 上看出来,主要就是管理 MasterSession。
class Master {
private:
typedef Master ME;
// Not owned.
MasterEnv* env_ = nullptr;
// Owned.
mutex mu_;
// shutdown_ is set to true by the dtor.
condition_variable shutdown_cv_;
bool shutdown_ TF_GUARDED_BY(mu_) = false;
Thread* gc_thread_;
// Maps session handles to sessions.
std::unordered_map<string, MasterSession*> sessions_ TF_GUARDED_BY(mu_);
// Moving average of step times.
MovingAverage last_1000_steps_ TF_GUARDED_BY(mu_);
// Cumulative number of steps executed.
int64 step_count_ TF_GUARDED_BY(mu_);
// If a session is not active for this many seconds, it will be
// closed automatically.
const double session_gc_seconds_;
// Used to track ids for incoming requests so we can detect duplicates.
RecentRequestIds recent_request_ids_;
};
我们回忆一下之前提到的。
分布式运行的核心是如何操作计算图,但是计算功能被拆分为 Client,Master 和 Worker 三个角色。
Client 负责构造计算图,Worker 负责执行具体计算,但是 Worker 怎么知道应该计算什么?TensorFlow 在两者之间插入了一个 Master 角色来负责协调,调度。
虽然 Master 不是 MasterInterface 的派生类,但时其实现了 MasterService 的具体业务。Master 具体负责:
至此,Master 的静态结构我们已经介绍完毕,具体 Master 功能我们将在后文 Session 部分进行具体介绍。
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