Lesson 123
--during prep.在…期间
--It rained during the night. 下了一整夜的雨。
--She kept on talking during the meal。整个用餐时间她讲个不停。
--I went swimming in the sea twice during the vacation.
--体假期间,我到海水浴场游泳两次。
--during 与for
--during 与表“何时“的用语连用,for则与表”时间的长度“连用
--I was in hospital during June. 我在6月间一直住院。
--I was in hospital for a month. 我住院一个月。
--during 与in
--表示在某个时间所发生的事,during和in二者均可用
--We’re going on holiday during August. = We’re going on
holiday in August. 我们在8月要去度假。
--trip n./ v.
1) n. 旅行
--a business trip 出差
--go in a trip 出去旅行
--take a honey moon trip to Hawaii 到夏威夷蜜月旅行
--My father will make a trip to New York next week. 父亲下礼拜要到纽约去。
--take a trip 观光旅行(美)
--make a trip 商务或办事的旅行(美)
--arrange a trip = organize a trip = plan a trip 计划旅行
--go on a trip=make a trip=take a trip 去旅行
--make a side trip to (旅途中)顺路去
2)v. 绊倒
--trip over 被…绊倒
--She tripped over the carpet and fell. 她被地毯绊倒。
--trip up…使…绊倒
3)v. 使某人说错话,失误
--The interviewer tried to trip me up with his question.采访人员想用他的问题使我露出破绽。
--travel v./ n.
1. v. 旅行
--I traveled around the world last year. 我去年环游世界一周。
--She has never traveled abroad. 她从未到海外旅行过。
2 . n. 旅行
--travel agency 旅行社
--foreign travel 国外旅行
--offer v. 提供
--offer a bribe to 向…行贿
--offer sb sth = offer sth to sb 对…提供
--She offered him a cup of tea. 她给他一杯茶。
--He offered him help to me. 他表示原意助我一臂之力。
--job n.
1. n. 工作
--What does he do? He has a job in a book-store.
--It is easier to find a job if you can drive. 你若会载车就比较容易找工作。
--apply for a job / hunt for a job求职
--lose one’s job 失业
--quit a job 辞职
2. n. 份内事
--It’s your job to do the dishes. 洗盘子是你份内的事。
--guess v. 猜
--Can you guess how much it cost? 你猜得出它花了多少钱吗?
--Have I guessed right?
--grow v.
1. 成长, 长 大
--Children grow rapidly. 小孩子长得很快
2.增大,变大
--The population of the city is growing every year. 这个城市的人口每年都在增加。
3)变得
--It was growing dark. 天色渐渐暗下来了。
--She has grown to like studying English. 她渐渐喜欢学英语了。
Question: Who is the man with the beard?
Look, Scott. This is a photograph I took during my trip toAustralia.
--This is a photograph I took… 这句语中的I took during my trip to Australia 是一个定语从句,用来修饰a photograph. 由于所修饰的名词在从句中作动词took的宾语,因此,引导从句的关系代词that往往省略。
--during…. 在…期间
--I was in the U.S. during my last holiday. 我上一个假期是在美国度过的。
--during my trip to Australia到澳大利亚旅行期间
--trip to … 到…旅行
--My father is going to make a trip to Rome. 我的父亲要去罗马。
Let me see it. =Let me have a look at it.=Let me take a lookat it.
They’re people I met during the trip.
--I met during the trip.是定语从句,修饰people.由于先行词people在从句中是作动词met 的宾语,因此引导词whom或who被略了。
That’s the ship wetraveled on.
--That’s the ship 是主句,we travelled on是定语从句,修饰ship; ship作从句中travelled on的宾语,因此省略了从句的关系代词that或which.
--travel on a ship 乘船旅行
What a beautiful ship!
这是一个感叹句,what 接名词,结构如下
--What +a/ an+
adj. + 可数名词+主谓
--What +adj. + 不可数名词+主谓
-What a foolish mistake you’ve make! 你犯了一个多么愚蠢的错误啊!
--What a lovely girl she is! 她是一个多么可爱的女孩啊!
--What pleasant weather it is! 多好的天气啊。
--What ugly smell the room has! 屋子里的气味多难闻啊。
How 后接形容词或副词
How +adj./ adv. +主谓
--How blue the sky is !天空多蓝呀!(How 修饰adj.)
--How quickly he drives! 他开得多快呀!(How 修饰adv.)
That’s the man I told you about. Remember?
定语从句,主句中的the man作从句中about的宾语,因此引导从句的关系代词whom或who可以省略
Ah yes. The one who offered you a job in Australia.
定语从句,who是关系代词在从句中作主语,因此不可以省略。
--offer sb sth 为某人提供…
--They offered me a place in that company. 他们为我在那家公司提供一个位置。
Guess!= Take a guess! 猜一猜
It’s not you, is it? 这不是你,对吗?
反意疑问句,前面一句用肯定句,后面一句用否定句,时态要保持一致,回答要根据实际情况,不对对方的话进行肯定或否定。
That’s right. 不,是我
That’s right= Yes, it is.
I grew a beard during the trip, but I shaved it off when Icame home.
--grew a beard 留胡子
--shave it off 刮掉胡子
小结:
1.定语从句关系代词的省略:如果关系代词在定语从句中代表先行词作宾语,它就可以被省略。
2.感叹句的结构:what 面接名词,how 后面接形容词和副词
Lesson 125
--water v./n
1) v. 浇水
--Would you water the flowers? 给花浇水好吗?
2)n. 水(不可数名词)
--I want to drink a glass of water. 我想喝杯水。
--a drop of water 一滴水
--by water 用船运,由水路
--spend money like water 挥金如土
--throw/ pour cold water on sb 泼冷水,挑毛病
--terribly adv.
1) 非常,很
--He is terribly busy. 他忙得要死
--dry adj./v.
--adj. 干燥的,干的(反义词是wet)
--dry air 干燥的空气
--This towel is drier than that one. 这条毛巾比那条干。
--This can(名词:罐子)
will keep coffee dry. 这个罐子可保持咖啡干燥
--adj. 冷淡的
--v. 把…弄干
--I dried my clothes by the heater. 我用暖炉烘干衣服
--dry one’s eyes 擦干眼泪
--The shirt will soon dry in the sun. 那衬衫在阳光下很快就可以晒干。
--nuisance n.讨厌的东西或人
--What a nuisance! 好讨厌!
--Your noisy stereo is real nuisance to me. 你那吵死人的立体音响实在令人讨厌。
--make a nuisance of oneself 惹人讨厌,成为讨厌的人
--mean (meant, meant) v. / adj.
--v. 意味着,意思是
--What does the word mean in this context? 在上下文中,这个词表示什么意思?
--The red light means “stop” 红灯表示停止的意思。
--mean to do 打算做
--I men to go tomorrow. 我打算明天去。
--You don’t mean to say so! 你不是存心这么说的吧?
--adj. 卑鄙的
--It is mean of sb to do…某人做…真卑鄙
--It is mean of you to tease her. 你对弄她真是卑鄙。
--adj. 吝啬的,小气的
--He is mean about money. 他很吝啬
--surprise n. / v.
1. n. 惊奇,意外的事
--to a person’s surprise
--to the surprise of a person 令某人惊讶的是
--To my surprise, she was the mother of two children.=To thesurprise of me, she was the mother of two children.
--in surprise 吃惊地,在惊慌中
--He hid himself in surprise. 他在惊慌中躲了起来。
2)v. 使…惊讶,使…吃惊
--You always surprise me. 你总是让我吃惊。
--Let’s surprise Mum with a present. 我们送件礼物给妈妈,让她惊喜惊喜。
--surprised adj.吃惊的,感到惊讶的
--be surprised at sth 因…感到惊讶
--We were surprised at the fact. 我们对这件事感到惊讶。
--be surprised to do
--I was very surprised to hear the news. 听到这个消息,我感到很吃惊
--surprising adj. 惊人的,意外的
--more surprising , most surprising
--That is mot so surprising. 那并不太惊人
Question: Does Susan have tea by herself? Answer: No, she has it with Peter.
Can’t you come in and have tea now, Peter?
--come in and have tea 进来喝杯茶
英语中极为普遍的表达方式
--Come over and sit down! 过来坐下吧!
--Go out and have a look at your car. 你出去看看自己的车吧!
--Let’s sit down and listen for a while。我们坐下来听一会儿吧。
--I’ll come back and pick you up. 我会回来接你的。
--Can’t you…? 难道你就不能…吗?否定疑问句表示说话人强烈意愿和看法。
--Can’t you come and give me a hand? 你就不能过来帮我一把吗?
--Don’t you believer me?难道你不相信我吗?
Not yet. I must water the garden first.
--Has your father come back form the U.K.?
--Not yet. = He has not come back yet. (yet 是用在否定句当中表示还,用在疑问句中表示己经)
--Are you the boss?
--Not yet.
--言外之意:I will be theboss some day.
I否定疑问句的回答不受否定形式的影响,回答时只根据事实,是事实就用yes, 不是事实则为No.但在翻译时要注意yes和no的译法。
--Won’t you come with me? 你不跟我来么?
--Yes, I will. 不,我要跟你去的。
--Don’t you trust me? 你不信任我吗?
--No, I don’t ? 是的,我不信任。
--water the garden 浇花,浇花园
--water 用作动词,在构词法上属于转化,即词由一个词性转为另一个词性,词义随之变化。
--Ships(名词)travel much slower than planes. 轮船的速度比飞机要慢得多。
--These machines will be shipped(转化为动词) to China. 这些机器将海运至中国。
--She always writes with a pen. 她总是用钢笔写字。
--The agreement was penned at Paris. 协议是在巴黎签署的。
--The clothes are not dry yet. 衣服还没有干。
--Clothes do not dry easily in winter. 冬季衣服不易干。
Do you have to water it now?
--have to 必须,不得不
否定式,疑问式的构成要借助助动词do.
--Do I have to wait for him? 我必须等他吗?
--No, you don’t have to.
--must 则不需要再借助助动词
--Must I see him now? 我必须现在就见他吗?
--Yes, you must. 是的,必须。
--No, you needn’t .不,不必。
I’m afraid I must. Look at it! It’s terribly dry.
--I’m afraid 后面可以跟从句作宾语。
--I’m afraid I can’t to this. 这事恐怕我做不了。
--I’m afraid I’ll fail again. 恐怕我又不能及格。
--I’m afraid he can’t be back today. 恐怕他不能回来。
What a nuisance! 真讨厌!是对Peter所说的“It’s terribly dry”这句话的评价。
意思是:It’s terrible. It’s really too bad.
Last summer it was very dry, too. Don’t you remember? I hadto water it every day.
--last summer,去年夏天,是一个过去时间,所以句子要用一般过去时。
Don’t you remember? 否定疑问句。
--had to 是have
to 的过去式,说明过去必须做的事情。
--I had to get up early yesterday morning to catch the bus. 昨天早上我只好早早起来,赶汽车。
Well, I’ll have tea by myself.
--well 语气词,“那么“,表示遗憾。
--by myself “独自“,没有别人陪伴或协同做某事,相当于alone.
--Do you need my help?
--No, I can do it by myself.
--Are you going to Shanghai with your parents?
--No, I’m going by myself.
That was quick! Have you finished already?
--That was quick! 好快啊!表示惊奇,“怎么这么快?”
--have finished 是finish的现在完成时态,表示过去己经结束并对现在有一定影响的动作。
--He has come back.= He is here now.
--He has got up. = He is no longer in bed.
--already “己经“,通常用于肯句,经常与完成时态连用。
--与yet 相对,yet用于否定句和疑问句。
--Have you bought a car yet?
--No, not yet.
--Yes, I’ve already bought one.
--Has your brother finished middle school? 你弟弟中学毕业了吗?
--No, not yet.
-- Yes, he’s already finished.
Yes. Look out of the window.
--look out of 从…往外看
--I looked out of the window. It was very dark. 我向窗外看,外面一片漆黑。
It’s raining! That means you don’t need to water the garden.
--mean “意味着,意思是说“后接宾语从句。
--That means I can never see him again. 这就意味着我再也见不到他了。
--He failed the exam. That meant he would not be able to goto college.
That was a pleasant surprise. It means I can have tea,instead.
--surprise “令人惊奇的事“中性词
--a pleasant surprise 一件令人高兴又令人惊奇的事,惊喜,意想不到的好事。
--It means… 与上句的用法相同
--instead = instead of watering the garden不必去浇园而可以与Susan一起喝茶 了
本课重点是掌握好否定疑问句的用法。还需特别注意肯定与否定的回答须与事实相一致,而且译成汉语时意思与“是的“和”不是“正好相反。
--Won’t you go to cinema with us? 你不和我们去看电影吗?
--Yes, I’ll go with you. 不,我要去的。
--No, I’ll do my homework. 是的,我要做作业。
--Didn’t you tell me that yesterday? 难道你昨天没告诉我这件事吗?
--Yes, I did. 不,我告诉你了。
--No, I told you that this morning. 是的,我今天早上才告诉你的。
--immediately adv.
1. adv. 立即地
--He came home immediately after work. 他一下班就马上回家了。
--I wrote to her immediately.
2) adv. 直接地,接近地
--He lives immediately next to us. 他住在我们附近。
--immediate adj.即时的,即刻的,立刻的
--an immediate answer 立即答复
--adj. 直接的 相当于direct
--an immediate cause 直接原因
--immediate information 直接得到的情报
--adj. 最接近的,近邻的
--He lives immediately next to us. 他住在我们附近。
Lesson 127
--famous adj.著名的
--be famous for 因为…而出名
--be famous as 作为…而著名
--a town famous for its fine park 以漂亮公园而出名的城镇
--He is more famous as a writer. 作为一个作家,他更加著名。
--Beijing is famous as an old city. 北京作为一个古城而闻名。
--at least 至少
--It will cost at least five dollars. 那至少要5美元
--You should at least have a try. 你至少庆该试一下。
--least
1. adj./ adv. 最少的,最小的(是little的最高级,反义词是most)
--He talks least. 他最少说话,
--He works hardest and is paid least. 他工作最努力,工资却最少。
2.最不。。。(置于形容词,副词之前)
--That is the least important of our problems. 那是我们诸多问题中最不重要的一个。
--least of all 最不…, 尤其不…
--I like that least of all. 我最不喜欢那个。
--I don’t want to eat least of all tonight. 我今晚尤其不想吃东西。
--read
1. 通过阅读得知,阅悉,读知
2.辩认,读书,阅读
--I have no time to read. 我没时间读书。
--read sb sth = read sth to sb
--He read the class a poem. 他朗读了一首诗给全班学生听。
--He read a poem to the class.
3.了解,解开。
--It is hard to read him. 想要了解他很困难。
Question: Karen Marsh is twenty-nine years old, isn’t she?
Can you recognize that woman, Liz?
--can 能
--She can drive, but she can’t ride a bicycle. 她会开车,但不会骑自行车。
--Can you stay a little longer? Thank you, but I can’t. 你能再多呆一会儿吗?谢谢,不行啦。
--Is there anything I can do for you? 我能帮你什么吗?
--Can you…. 表示请求
--Can you lend me 10 dollars?
--Can you give me a lift to the station? 可以搭你的便车到车站吗?
--Can I …. 表示提议
--Can I make you some coffee? 要不要我帮你煮点咖啡。
--Can I help you? 要不要我帮忙?
I think I can, Kate. It must be Karen Marsh, the actress.
--I think (that) 我认为…, 我想….
--I think (that) he is very clever. 我认为他很聪明。
--I don’t think it will rain tomorrow. 我想明天不会下雨。
--I think (that) Kennedy was one of greatest statesmen. 我认为肯尼迪是最伟大的政治家之一。
--must be 一定是…( 一种极肯定的推测)
--It’s already ten o’clock. My mother must be angry. 己经10点了,我妈妈一定会生气的。
--He must be sleeping. 他一定睡了。
--We thought the teacher must be joking. 我们认为老师一定是在开玩笑。
I thought so. Who’s that beside her?
--I thought so. 我也这样想,我也这样认为。
--Do you think (that) she will succeed? 你想她会成功吗?
--Yes, I think so. 是的,我想会的。
I think so. 否定句I
don’t think so. 我不那么认为,我想不会。
--Do you think it will rain tomorrow?
--No, I don’t think so.
--I believe so.
--will it be fine tomorrow? I believe so. 明天会是晴天吗?我想会的。
--I believe so. 否定式I
believe not. 我想不会,我认为不会。
--beside 在…的旁边,在…附近
--besides除…之外
That must be Conrad Reeves.
--must be 表示极肯定的推测,意思为“一定是…”.
Conrad Reeves, the actor? It can’t be. Let me have anotherlook. I think you’re right! Isn’t he her third busband?
--can’t be 不可能 跟must
be意义相反
--The story can’t be true. 这个故事不可能是真的。
--It must be Terry that comes. 来的那个人一定是特里。
--It can’t be Terry. He’s now in London. 不可能是特里同,他现在还在伦敦呢。
--have another look 再看一看
--have a look 看一眼
--Let me have a look at that book.让我看一眼那本书。
I think you’re right. = I think that you’re right. 我想你是对的。
Isn’t he her third husband? 他不是她的第三个丈夫吗?= He is her third husband, is that right?
No. He must be her fourth or fifth.
--must be 表示推测,有较强肯定意味。
--her fourth or fifth = her fourth husband or fifth husband
Doesn’t Karen Marsh look old!
She does, doesn’t she! I read she’s twenty-nine, but shemust be at least forty.
--look old 看起来老
(look接某些形容词,意为“看起来…”, 此时look是系动词。)
--She looks well. 她看起来健康。
--She looks good.它看起来不错。
She does, doesn’t she!是的,谁说不是呢!
--Doesn’t she! 表示肯定,也可译为“可不是嘛!“
--read 阅悉,通过阅读得知…
--at least 至少
--at most 至多
I’m sure she is.
--be sure 必定,一定
--be sure of/ about…
--He is sure of success. 他深信他自己会成功。
--I am really sure about it. 对于这件事我确实有把握。
--be sure (that) 确信…
--We are sure that he is innocent.
--We are sure of his innocence. 我确信他无辜
--be sure to do 一定要,务必
--Be sure to finish your homework before supper. 晚饭前一定得做完功课。
She was a famous actress when I was still at school.
--still 还
--He is still young. 他 还年轻
--It’s still raining. 天还在下雨。
--at school 在求学,在校就读
--at college 在大学里上学
--at university 在上大学
Not that long ago! I’m not more than twenty-nine myself.
--not more than =less than 不超过,少于
--Not more than 50 students attended the meeting. 不超过50个学生参加了会议。
Lesson 129
--wave
1.v. 招手,挥手
--She waved at me. 她向我挥手。
--I waved a good bye. 我挥手道别。
--We waved a greeting to the teacher. 我们挥手向老师问好。
--He waved me across the street. 他挥手示意我穿过街道。
2. n. 挥手,挥手的示意
--She gave me a wave. 她对我挥手。
3. n. (毛发的)卷曲
--She has lovely waves in her hair. 她的头发烫得很漂亮。
4. n. 波,波浪
--The waves are high today.
--mile n. 英里
--This car can go as fast as 80 miles per hour. 这辆车时速能达到80英里。
--The nearest town is five miles away. 最近的城镇距离这里5英里。
--overtake (overtook, overtaken)
1. v. 从后面超越,超车
--overtake a car 超车
--speed limit n.限速
--speed
1. n. 速度,速率
--run at full speed 以全速跑
--at a speed of forty miles an hour 以时速40英里
2.v. 急行,疾驰,促进
--This medicine will speed your recovery. 吃这种药你就会康复得快一些
--speed up 加快速度,增加…的速度
--The train gradually speeded up. 火车逐渐加快速度。
--dream
1). V. 做梦,梦见
--I didn’t dream last night. 我昨晚没有做梦。
--He sometimes dreams of home. 他有时梦见自己的故乡。
2). V. 梦想,幻想,想象
--dream of doing sth
--I often dreamed of becoming a pilot. 我时常梦想成为一名飞行员。
--dream a …dream 做…的梦
--dream a dreadful dream 做一个恶梦
3). 梦
--I had a strange dream last night. 昨晚我做了一个怪梦。
--I saw her in a dream. 我在梦中遇见她。
4). 梦想,假想,理想
--She realized her dream of becoming an actress. 她实现了当演员的梦想.
--sign
1).-n. 招牌,告示,标志,标记
--the sign of a barber’s shop 理发店的标志
--a traffic sign 交通标志
--Can’t you read that “No smoking” sign? 你看不懂那“禁止吸烟”的标志吗?
2).-n. 姿态,手势,信号
--talk by signs 用手势交谈
--The teacher made a sign to us to be quiet. 老师做了一个手势叫我们安静。
3)-n. 迹象,征兆,前兆
--There were no signs of life on the island. 那个岛上没有生物存在的迹象。
--as sign of 做为…的象征
4)-v. 签署,签名
--He signed the check. 他签发了支票。
--Please sign here. 请在此签名。
--driving licence 驾驶执照
--charge
1) v. 罚款
--charge sb +money 罚某人….
2) v. 要价
--How much do you charge for a room with a bath?
--charge sb +money for sth
--向…索取…费用
--They charged me five dollars for a cup of coffee. 他们一杯咖啡向我要5美元。
--Do you charge for delivery? 你们送货要收费吗?
3) n. 费用,价钱
--There is a 10 percent service charge. 服务费要附加10%.
--There is no charge for admission. 入场不收费。
4) n. 管理
--in charge of 管理
--She is in charge of our class. 她担任我们班的班主任。
--in the charge of a person 由….照料(管理)
--in a person’s charge
--darling
1) n. 用作表示称呼
--my darling 亲爱的(夫妇,情人,父母子女之间所用的称呼)
--Mary is her father’s darling. 玛丽是她父亲的心肝宝贝。
2)adj. 心爱的,喜爱的
--one’s darling daughter 心爱的女儿
Question: What does Ann advise her husband to do next time?
Look, Gary! That policeman’s waving to you. He wants you tostop.
--Look! 瞧!(用来引起别人的注意)
--Look, you are crying again. 瞧,你又哭了。
--Look, I was only trying to help. 瞧,我不过是想帮个忙。
--wave to you 向你招手
--shout to sb 向着某人的方向大声呼叫
--point to sb 指向某人
--want sb to do sth (想)要某人做某事
--He wants me to help him.
--Don’t you want me to go on? 你不想要我继续下去吗?
--tell sb to do sth 叫某人做某事
--ask sb to do sth 请求某人做某事
--order sb to do sth 命令某人去做某事
--wish sb to do sth 希望某人做某事
--allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事
Where do you think you are? On a race track? You must havebeen driving at seventy miles an hour.
--where是you
are的表语
--Where are you ? 你在哪儿?
--you are 是动词think的宾语从句。该句的话序是,从句表语(where)+主句谓语(think)+从句主语(you)+从句谓语(系动词are)主从句成份互相交织,因此被称为“链锁式疑问句”。
--What do you think you can do now? 你认为你现在应做什么?
--Who do you think he is? 你认为他是谁?
--How much do you guess I spent today? 你猜我今天花了多少钱?
--on a race track?= Do you think you are on a race track?
You must have been driving.
--must 一定是(表示猜测)
其基句型结构有:
1)must + 动词原形
--You must be sick. 你一定是病了。
2)must +be+ v-ing
--They must be drinking now. 他们一定在喝酒。
3)must +have +过去分词 表示过去动作的猜测
--You must have drunk last night. 昨晚你一定喝酒了。
4)must + have been+v-ing
表示对过去某一时刻,某一时间内的动作的猜测,或过去一直到现在的一段时间内动作的猜测。
--You must have been drinking when I called you last night.
(过去的某一时刻)
--You must have been preparing for the meeting in the last
two weeks.(过去一直到现在的一段时间)
--at seventy miles an hour 以每小时70英里的速度
--表示速度用at.
--at the speed of seventy miles an hour.
--at 1000 miles a second 以每秒1000英里的速度
--at 100 meters a minute 以每分钟100米的速度
--a(an) = per 每
--at 200 kilometers per hour 以每小时200公里的速度
--I can’t have been. = I can’t have been driving at seventymiles an hour.=I can’t have been driving so fast.
--can’t (must表猜测时的否定形式)不可能
--He can’t be in London. I saw him here only this morning. 他不可能在伦敦,我今儿早还在这见到他的。
--You can’t be at home. I can hear the noise of the train.你不可能在家,我都能听见火车的声音。
--They can’t have finished their job yesterday. 他们不可能昨天把活儿干完。
--You can’t have been staying alone. 你不可能是一直一个人呆着。
--I was doing eighty when I overtook you.
--I was doing eighty.=I was driving at eighty miles an hour.
--…..when I overtook you. 当我超过你的时候。
--overtake 超过
--catch up with 追上,赶上
--keep up with 跟上(保持一致)
Didn’t you see the speed limit? 难道你没看见限速牌吗?
I’m afraid I didn’t, officer. I must have been dreaming.
--I didn’t =I didn’t see the speed limit.作I am afraid that 的宾语。
I must have been dreaming. 我当时一定是在做梦。
--dream n. 梦; v. 做梦
这里引申为“思 想 开小差。”
He wasn’t dreaming, officer. I was telling him to driveslowly.
He wasn’t dreaming. 他思想没在开小差,即他是认真做事的。
--was telling 用进行时态加强语气证明“我一直都在告诉他”。
--tell sb to do sth 告诉(叫)某人做…
--Tell him to stop. 叫他停下来。
--Tell him to come closer. 叫他走近点。
That’s why I didn’t see the sign.
--why引导名词从句作表语。
That’s why….”所以“(用于解释原因)
--That’s why I was late. (这就是我迟到的原因)
--That’s why I am angry. 这就是我生气的原因。
Let me see your driving licence.
--Let sb do sth 让某人做某事
--Let me have a look. 让我看一下。
--Let me tell you the reason. 让我告诉你原因吧!
--driving licence 驾驶证= driver’s licence
--practice licence 营业执照
I won’t charge you this time. But you’d better not do itagain!
--charge 罚你的款
--this time 这次
--you’d better =you had better
--had better do sth 最好做某事(表建议)
--You’d better come back early. 你最好早点回来。
--You’d better not tell him the truth. 你最好别告诉他实情。
Well, next time you’d better take my advice!
--take one’s advice 接受某人的意见,听从某人的劝告,听某人的话。
--I always tell you to be careful, but you never take my
advice. 我总告诉你要注意,但你从来不听我的话。
小结:
本课是前课的复习课,应重点掌握好:
--must, can’t 表猜测的用法
--否定疑问句
--had better (not) do sth
Lesson 131
--abroad
--He lived abroad for much of his life. 他的一生大半是在国外度过的。
--go abroad 到国外
--travel abroad 到国外旅行
--from abroad 从国外来的,从海外来的
--He just returned from abroad. 他刚刚从国外回来。
--worry v. 担忧,使烦恼,使焦虑
--What’s worrying you?
--worried adj.烦恼的,焦虑的
Question: What’s the problem about deciding on a holiday?
Where are you going to spend your holidays this year, Gary?
--be going to 将来时态的表达方式之一,表示打算,计划或安排去做某事。
--spend v. 花费时间,金钱,度过时光,假日等
--spend….on sth
--spend ….(in) doing sth
--She spends a lost of money on clothes. 她把大量的钱花在(买)衣服上。
--I spend one hour on sport every day. 我每天花1小时做体育运动。
--The headmaster has to spend 3 hours a day talking toteachers and parents.
--We’ll have to spend 200 dollars (in)getting our car
repaired. 我们得花200美元把我们的车修好。
当“度过“讲时句型结构为:
--spend + n.(时光,假日)+地点状语
--I spent my childhood in a small town. 我在一个小城镇度过了我的童年。
--I am going to spend my holidays in Sydney. 我打算到悉尼度假。
We may go abroad. I’m not sure. My wife wants to go toEgypt. I’d like to go there, too. We can’t make up our minds.
--may 情态动词“可能,也许,或许“
--It may snow tomorrow. 明天也许会下雪。
--If I’m busy, I may not go. 如果我忙的话, 也许就不去了。
I’m not sure. 我不肯定
--be sure肯定
--be sure of/ about + n. 对…有把握
--be sure that…. 肯定,确信
--be sure to do 肯定,一定,务必
--He is sure of success.
--We are sure that he is innocent.
--Be sure to call me at 5 o’clock.
--for sure 肯定的,有把握的
--They will be here for sure in half an hour.
--I don’t know for sure that he is dead.
--make sure 设法做到
--Please make sure that the house is properly locked.
--to be sure 确定,的确,固然,后面多接but(口)
--To be sure, he is kind. 的确,他心肠好。
--Father isn’t rich, to be sure, but he is a gentleman.
的确,父亲并不富有,但他是个绅士
--sure (口语)“当然可以“相当于certainly
--May I open the window? Sure!
--want to do sth 想做某事
--would like to do sth 愿意做某事,想做某事
--Would you like to have a look at your room? 你想看看你的房间吗?
--I’d like to spend my holidays with my parents.
--I’d like to have my car repaired today.
--would like sth 想吃(喝,得到)某物
--Would you like a cup of tea?
--Would you like a tie to match your shirt?
--make up one’s mind 下决心,决定
--相当于decide, 常跟to do sth ,表示决心或决定去做某事
--I haven’t make up my mind yet. 我还没打定主意。(yet用在否定句中表示还)
--We have made up our minds to get rid of this guy. 我们决心把这个家伙除掉。
--get rid of 除掉,去掉
Will you travel by sea or by air?
选择疑问句要求答话人在两个或更多人或事物中做出选择,不能用yes 或no 作回答。
--Would you like some bananas or apples? 你想吃香蕉还是苹果?
--I’d like an apple. 我想来个苹果
--Will you travel by sea, by air or by train? 你们要乘船,乘飞机,还是乘火车?
--We’ll go by train. 我们乘火车去。
--Are you a doctor, a teacher or a scientist? 你是医生,老师还是科学家?
--None of them. I am a student. 都不是,我是学生。
It’s cheaper, isn’t it?
It’s cheaper = it’s cheaper to travel by sea than by air.
简略式疑后缀,与前面的陈述句一起构成反意疑问句。
反意疑问句的结构是:陈述句+反义的简略式疑问句。
反意疑问句要用yes 或no作出回答,肯定与否要据事实来确定,不受问句中肯定与否定的影响。
--You are a student, aren’t you? 你是学生,不是吗?
--Yes, I am.是的,是。
--No, I’m not. I am a dentist.
--You aren’t married, are you? 你没结婚吧,结了吗?
--Yes, I am. I married early. 不,我结婚了,我结婚比较早。
--You won’t travel by sea, will you? 你不会乘船去吧,会吗?
--Yes, I’ll go by sea. 不,我要乘船去。
我们经常看到英语的yes和no与汉语中的“是的“和”不是“在使用上的不一致,这是由他们各自作用不同导致的。
英语中的yes和no用于对事实进行的肯定与否定,而汉语中的“是的“与”不是“是表示对问话人的态度是否赞同。
--I didn’t say anything, did I ? 我什么也没说,说了吗?
(说话人认为自己什么也没说。)
--No, you didn’t.(事实是你什么也没说,所以你的说法是对的。)
是的,你什么也没说。
--I told you that many times, didn’t I ? 我告诉过你好多遍了,不是吗?
--Yes, you did. 是的,你告诉我好多遍了。
事实上你确实告诉我好多遍,你的说法也是对的,所以英汉表达是一致的。
It may be cheaper, but it takes a long time.
--take 花费,占用
--take只用于时间的花费,不能用于金钱。
--It takes sb some time to do sth 做某事占用了某人…时间
--It took me 1 hour to do the job. 做这件事用了我1小时的时间。
--take 表示的是时间的占用,具有客观性,而spend表示人对时间有意识的花费,具有主观性,
--I spent one hour doing the job. 我花了1小时来做这项工作。(时间是由我控制的)
--take也可表示花费时间,但结构必须是:
--take some time to do sth
-- It took me 1 hour to do the job.
--It took the worker a lot of time to move the box into theroom.
--The worker spent a lot of time moving the box into theroom.
--The worker took a lot of time to move the box into theroom.
--It takes a long time=It takes a long time to travel bysea.
I’m sure you’ll enjoy yourselves. 宾语从句,you’ll enjoy yourselves 作sure的宾语。
--enjoy oneself=have a good time 玩得愉快
Don’t be so sure. We might not go anywhere.
--Don’t be so sure.=Don’t be so sure of it.=Don’t be so surethat we’ll enjoy ourselves.
即:We may not enjoy ourselves.
--might 是may的过去式
情态动词的过去式不表示过去,而往往是表示一种更为委婉的语气。
--might 表示非常不确定
--anywhere 任何地方,副词作状语
--somewhere某地,用于肯定句
--nowhere 没有任何地方
--I wanted to go somewhere, but because of the rain, I wentnowhere.
--worry 着急,担心,此为不及物动词
--My wife always worries too much.=My wife is always tooworried.=My wife is always so worried about everything.
--look after 照看,看管,
--look after the children 看管孩子
--look after the house 看管房子
--have this problem 有这个问题
--have a problem 有一个问题
--have many problems 有许多问题
--problem 存在的需要解决的问题
--question疑问,需要回答的问题
--in the end 最后,到头来,说明结果
--finally 最后,说明次序
--at last 最后,终于(说明目的的实现)
小结
--be sure 的用法
--反意疑问句
--may 表示可能
--may + do 表示对现在的一种推测
--may +have done 表示对过去的一种推测
Lesson 133
--reporter n.
--report v.报告,报道n.报告,报道
--sensational adj. 爆炸性的,耸人听闻的,煽动感情的
--sensational news 爆炸性新闻(不可数名词,前不加冠词a/an)
--sensation n.
1) 五官的感觉,知觉
--I have lost all sensation in my legs. 我的两只腿己完全失去了知觉了。
2)感觉,感受
--a sensation of happiness 幸福感
3. 轰动,轩然大波
--The news created a great sensation. 那个消息引起一场轩然大波。
Question: What reasons did Karen Marsh give for wanting to
retire?卡伦,马什说她为什么想退休?
Have you just made a new film?
1. to make a film 制作一部影片,拍摄一部电影
--to shoot the pictures 摄影
2.have made have(助动词)+过去分词构成现在完成时
--just “刚刚“,表示动作完成不久
--I have just come back. 我刚回来。
--I have just been to New York. 我刚去过纽约。/我刚从纽约回来。
--just now “刚才”(a short time ago)
--是明确的过去时间,只能够用于一般过去时.
--I saw him just now. 我刚才还看见他
--Tom told me the new just now. Tom刚才才把这个消息告诉我。
--I got the news a short time ago. (强调时间)
比较:
--Tom has just told me the news. Tom刚把这个消息告诉我。
(I know about it now, so you don’t have to tell
me that again.)
Yes, I have.
--have完成时态的助动词
--I have. (简略回答)=Ihave just made a new film.
Are you going to make another?
--another 不定代词
I’m going to retire.
I fell very tired.
1. tired 过去分词充当形容词,通常称为分词形容词,此处作feel的表语。
2. feel v.即可作实义动词(感觉,摸),又可作系动词(感觉,觉得),区分的标准是看其后面的连带成份是名词或代词,还是形容词,接名词或代词时是动宾关系,接形容词时为系表关系。
--I felt his hands. They felt very cold. (前句中为实义动词,后句中为系动词。)
--Do you feel hot? 你觉得热吗?(系动词)
--Yes. Don’t you feel(实义动词) it?是的,热,你不觉得热吗?
--want to do sth 想要做某事
--want sb to do sth 要某人做某事
--I want to sleep. 我要睡觉。
--Do you want me to sleep? 你想让我睡觉吗?
4.for a long time
--for 表示时间持续的长短,可用于任何时态。
--I stayed there for 3 days.
--I have lived here for more than 10 years.
Let’s buy a newspaper, Liz. Listen to this!
1.Let’s buy= Let usbuy.
--复合结构作宾语,us是let的宾语,buy是不带to的不定式作宾语补足语。作宾语补足语的不定式有时带to,有时不带to,要引起注意。
带to 的结构:
--want sb to do sth
--ask st to do sth
--tell sb to do sth
--order sb to do sth
不带to 的结构:
--let sb do sth
--Let him go. 让他走吧
--make sb do sth
--They made me work for them.他们迫使我为他们工作。
2. Liz 是Elizabeth(伊丽沙白)的简称
3.listen to 听,表听的动作
--listen不及物动词,接宾语时必须加介词,构成及物动词短语。
--look at 看
--look for 寻找
--wait for 等待
--arrive at 到达
--arrive in
1.Sensational News 爆炸新闻=very exciting news
2. by our reporter by表示动作的执行者,意为“由….”或“被…”
--a book by Bacon 培根写的一本书
--an article by a politician 一位政治家的一篇文章
--3. arrive at 到达,通常表示到达一个较小的地方
--arrive in到达,通常表示到达一个较大的地方
--I arrived in England on Friday. We first arrived atLondon.
--arrive on 到达,通常指到达某一个地点
--The train has arrived on the platform 火车己到达站台
--The soldiers arrived on the island after half an hour.军队在半小时之后抵达了这个岛屿。
--The police soon arrived on the spot. 警察很快赶到现场。
4.wear “穿着“=have
on(强调状态)
--She was wearing a blue dress.= She was having a blue dresson.
--put on “穿上“,表“穿上”的动作
--dress “给…穿衣”,对象是人,而非衣物
--She dressed her baby first, and then dressed herself. 她先给孩子穿好衣服,然后又为自己穿上衣服。
--be dressed in 穿着=wear=haveon
--She was dressed in red.= She was wearing red clothes.=She
was having red clothes on. 好穿着红色衣服
5. She told me she had just made a new film.
--She had just made… 名词从句作told的宾语
--had just made 过去完成时,表示动作发生在told这一过去动作之前。
6.She said she was not going to make another.
--said 后面跟宾语从句
I wonder why!
1. wonder “不知道,想知道“,表示疑惑
--I wonder who could do this. 我不明白谁会这样干
--I wonder if he will succeed. 我想知道他是否能成功
2.why,省略说法
=Why she is not going to make another film.
宾语从句
如果主句是过去时态,从句也应该是过去的某个时态
Lesson 135
--future
1)adj. 未来的,将来的
--one’s future husband 未婚夫
2)n. 未来,将来,前途
--The future is always unknown to us. 未来对我们来说总是不可知的。
--get married 结婚
--be married= get married 结婚
--The old couple has already been married for fifty years. 那对老夫妇结婚己50年了。
--married adj. 结婚的,己婚的
--marry v. 结婚
--He married a classmate from high school. 他与高中时代的同班同学结婚。
--hotel n.饭店
--stay at a hotel 住旅馆
--latest
1) adj. 最新的
--the latest news 最新消息
2) adj. 最晚的(late的最高级)
--She was the latest person to come. 她是最晚来的人。
--introduce
--1) v. 介绍
--introduce sb to sb
--May I introduce my friend George (to you)? 让我(向你)介绍我的朋友乔治。
--2) v. 把(新事物)引进(到…)
--introduce sth into / to…
--New Paris fashions are introduced into Shanghai every
year. 巴黎的新流行式样每年都被引进上海。
3)introduction n. 介绍
Question: Is Karen Marsh going to retire, do you think?
Are you really going to retire, Miss Marsh?
--really 真的,确实,加强语气
I may. I can’t make up my mind. I will have to ask my futurehusband. He won’t let me make another film.
--I may. = I may retire.有可能,说明还没有确定。
--make up my mind 拿定主意,做出决定
--will have to 是have
to 的将来时
--have/ has to 现在时
--will have to 将来时
--had to 过去时
--would have to 过去将来时
--have had to 完成时
--但通常不能用于进行时
--future husband 未婚夫
--let sb do sth 让(允许)某人做某事
--相当于allow sb to do
sth 允许某人做某事
Yes, let me introduce him to you. His name is Garlos.
We’re going to get married next week.
--introduce sb to sb将某人介绍给某人
--May I introduce my sister to you?
--get married 结婚 表示结婚的行为,属终止性动作。不能表示结婚的时间的延续。
--be married (己)结婚 表示己婚的状态,可以表示时间的延续。
--Are you married? 你结婚了吗?
--Yes, I am. 是的,结了。
--When did you get married?
--I got married last year.
--How long have you been married?
--I have been married for 14 months.
--marry v.娶,嫁(说明结婚的对象)
--Who do you want to marry?
--I’ll marry nobody.
Here’s another report about Karen Marsh.
--Here’s …. 这 里 有….
--Here’s a letter for you. 这里有你的一封信。
--Here’s an apple for you. 给你一个苹果
--the latest = the latest news 最新消息
--in London Hotel 在伦敦旅馆里
--might 是may的过去式,与主句谓语told保持时态上的一致。Couldn’t 是can’t的过去式,与主句谓语保持一致
--would 是will的过去式,时态一致
--That’s sensation news, isn’t it, Kate?
反意疑问句,isn’t it 加强了句子的语气,“难道不是吗?”
--get married 结婚(强调动作)
--be married 结婚(强调状态)
--情态动词的去去式
--宾语从句:主从句时态要保持一致
Lesson 137
--football n.足球
--play football 踢足球
--a football game 足球比赛
--pool
1) n. 赌注,总赌款
--football pool 足球赛的赌注
2)n. 共同资金,合伙投资
--We bought a computer by the pool. 我们合资买一部电脑
3) n. 游泳 池
--win
1) v. 赢
--win a war
--win a bet 赌赢
--win a competition 比赛获胜
--win an election 选举获胜
2)v. 赢得,获得
--She won the first prize in the music competition.
她在音乐比赛中获得头等奖
--He won her love at last. 他终于获得她的爱。
3)win back 赢回
--win back one’s reputation 赢回名声
4)win over 把人说服,
--We tried to win him over to our view. 我们试图说服他接受我们的观点
--world n.世界
--every country of the world 世界各国
--His dream is to travel around the world. 他的梦想是环游世界。
--He is the best tennis player in the world. 他是世界上最优秀的网球选手。
--The news spread quickly all over the world. 那消息迅速传遍了全世界。
--the world 世界上的人,人类
--The whole world is watching the conference. 全世界的人都在关注这次会议。
--Half the world is hungry. 有半的世人在挨饿
--poor
1)adj. 贫穷的(反义词:rich)
--a poor man 贫穷的人
2)adj. 缺乏的,不充分的、稀少的
3)adj. 笨拙的、差劲的、(辩解等)拙劣的
--be poor at …
--Our daughter is poor at maths. 我们的女儿数学不好。
4)adj. 可怜的,不幸的
--the poor old man 那个可怜的老人
--depend
1) v. 依靠、依赖、指望
--depend on sb
--You cannot depend on your parents forever.你不能永远依赖你的父母
--depend on sb to do sth 指望某人做某事
--You cannot depend on him to come on time. 你不能指望他会准时到来。
2)v. 视…而定,取决于…
--depend on sth
--depend on doing sth
--The time of leaving depends on the weather. 出发的时间视天气而定。
Question:Whatwould Julie like to do, if she had the money?
--Are you doing the football pools, Brian?
--do the football pools 下足球赛的赌注
--pools 赌注总额,合伙赌博的安排
--hoping to win a fortune on the pools 希望在赌博中赢得财富
--Who won the football pool this week? 谁赢得了这周的足球彩票?
Yes, I’ve nearly finished, Julie. I’m sure we’ll winsomething this week.
--nearly 几乎,将近
--It’s nearly 1 o’clock. 现在几乎一点了。
--He’s nearly ready. 他快准备好了。
--be sure 确信,肯定…
--be sure of/ about…
--be sure to do…
--be sure that…
--for sure 肯定的,有把握的
--make sure 弄肯定,设法做到
--to be sure 不成问题,当然,肯定
You always say that, but we never win anything! What willyou do if you win a lot of money?
--never adv. 从来没有,表示频率
同类词汇有 hardly 几乎sometimes有时
--often 经常 usually通常
--if”如果,假定“可引导真实条件(指有可能实现的情况)
--If your brother Adam can do it, so can i. 如果你哥哥Adam能做到的话,我也能做到。
--It doesn’t matter if you don’t find her. 如果你没有找到她,也不要紧的。
--If she said so, she must be a liar. 如果她这样讲,那她一定是一个说谎者
--What would Mary think of him if he failed? 如果失败了,玛丽会怎样看他呢?
--条件句中有些词可以省略,(如it
is, he is 等)
--If (it is )true, this will cause us a lot of trouble.
--If necessary, ring me at home. 如果有必要,给我家打电话。
If I win a lot of money, I’ll buy you a mink coat.
--If I …, I will…. 如果…,我就会….(表示许诺,承诺)
--If I have a lot of money, I’ll buy myself a car.
--buy sb sth 双宾语=buy sth for sb
I don’t want a mink coat! I want to see the world.
--want+名词 想要某物
--want to do 想要做某事
--see 观光
--travel round the world 环球旅行
--travel around the world
--stay at 住,呆在
--stay at home 呆在家里
--stay in bed 躺在床上
--stay at a hotel 住在旅馆
--in the country 在乡下
--in the city 在城市
--in the town 在城镇
But if we spend all that money we’ll be poor again. What’llwe do then?
--If we…, we’ll 这里表示一种逻辑推理:“如果我们花完了所有的钱,我们又会变穷的“。
“then”逻辑顺序的进一步延伸,“那时我们怎么办呢?
--spend v. 花费
--spend money / time (in) doing sth
--all this / that 这/那一切
--All this is quite an experience for me. 所有的一切对我来说都是一种很好的经历。
--What’s the meaning of all this? 所有的这一切是什么意思?
--All this he did, but it had no effect. 他做了所有的一切,但一点儿效果也没有。
--You’ve told me all that before.你先前己经告诉我那一切了。
--then 然后
--The speech ended and then the curtain went up. 演讲结束之后,幕布拉开了(戏剧开演了)
--then 那么,然后
--Then I have done you a wrong, and I’m very sorry. 这样说来,我是做错了,真是很对不起。
If we spend all the money we’ll try and win the footballpools again.
--try 试图
--try to do sth 尽力做某事
--try doing 试着做
It’s a pleasant dream but everything depends on ‘if’!
--if n. 条件,不肯定因素
--There are too many ifs in your offer. 你的承诺里附带条件太多了。
--The future is full of ifs.未来充满了不确定因素
--There are too many ifs in his agreement. 在他的合同中有太多的条件。
--depend on 得看,造..决定
--The price depends on the quality. 价格的高低取决于质量的好坏。
--it depends, of course, on a number of factors. 它当然取决于一系列因素。
--depend v. 依靠,依赖
--You can’t always depend on your husband. 你不可以总是依赖你的丈夫
小结:
--if 的用法
1)if 可以引导真实条件从句
2)if 也可以作名词,单独使用,作“条件”,不肯定因素“讲
Lesson 139
--extra adj.额外的
--I don’t have any extra time. 我没有多余的时间。
--overseas
1)adj. 海外的,国外的
2)adv. 向海外,向国外
--engineering n.
--company n.公司
--He works for a bus company. 他在公共汽车公司上班。
--He is an engineer in a big company.
--line n.
Question: Which John Smith does Graham Turner think he istalking to?
Is that you, John?
(口语化的电话用语)
--Is that you, Mom?
--正式用语:
--Is that John speaking?
--Excuse me. I’d like to speak to John.
Yes, speaking. 是我,请讲。
--固定的电话用语。
Tell Mary we’ll be late for dinner this evening.
--We’ll be late…从句结构,作tell的直接宾语,Marry为间接宾语。
--be late for 做…迟到
--be late for school 上学迟到
I’m afraid I don’t understand.
--I don’t understand 作be afraid的宾语从句。
Hasn’t Marry told you? She invited Charlotte and me to dinnerthis evening.
I said I would be at your house at six o’clock, but the bosswants me to do more extra work. I’ll have to stay at the office. I don’t knowwhen I’ll finish. Oh, and by the way, my wife wants to know if Marry needs anyhelp.
1) Hasn’t Marry told you? 现在完成时态的否定疑问句
2) invite sb to dinner 请某人吃饭
--invite sb to one’s house 请某人到家里作客
--invite sb to one’s country 邀请某人到自己的国家访问
3)be at you house=
arrive at your house= get to your house到你家
4)do extra work 加班
5)I don’t know when
I’ll finish. 复合句,when I’ll finish 作know的宾语。
6)by the way 顺便说说,引出额外话题
7)My wife wants to
know if Mary needs any help. 复合句,该句的谓语部分有三个层次。
--want 谓语动词
--to know if…不定式作want的宾语
--if 引起名词从句作know的宾语
--if = whether 是否
--I wonder if you could come. 不知道你能不能来。
--I am not sure if I can win. 我没有把握能不能赢
I don’t know what you’re talking about.
--what you’re talking about. 作know的宾语
注意:宾语从句的引导词虽然含有疑问意义,但它不是独立的问句,所以不能彩用疑问语序而把助动词,系动词或情态动词提前。即宾语从句必须使用陈述语序。
--He didn’t ask me where I lived. 他没问我住在哪里.
--Do you know how old he is? 你知道他多大了吗?
--How old is he, do you know?
(这是两个独立问句的合并,以前句为主,do
you know 为插入语,与宾语从句用法不同)
That is John Smith, isn’t it? 反意疑问句
You work for the overseas Engineering Company, don’t you?
--work for + 机构名称 为…工作
--work with 或workat
I’m John Smith the telephone engineer and I’m repairing yourtelephone line.
--the telephone engineer 同位语
解释John Smith
本课的重点是把握宾语从句的语序,从句必须使用陈述语序
Lesson 141
--excited adj.兴奋的
--excited people 激动的人们
--exciting adj.使人兴奋的,刺激的
--an exciting book 非常有趣的书
--get on
1) 登上(火车,公共汽车,飞机),骑上*(自行车,马)
反义词get off
--get in 上小汽车
反义词get out of
2应付,过日子
--I am afraid I
didn’t get on very well in the exam. 我这次考试恐怕不太顺利
--opposite
1)prep. 在…对面
--The store is
opposite the station. 那家商店在车站的对面
--The waitress
stood opposite me. 那女服务员站在我对面
2)adj. (位置)对面的 (立场,性质等)相反的,反对的
--He stood on the
opposite side of the street. 他站在那条街的对面
--They walked
away in opposite directions. 他们分别往相反的方向走去。
--Our office
building is opposite to the bank. 我们办公大楼在银行的对面
--He and I are on
opposite side is this debate. 在这场辩论里,他和我站在相对的立场
--Her views and
mine are completely opposite. 她的看法和我的看法完全相反
3)n. 相反的事物
North and southare opposite directions.
北和南是相反的方向。
--curiously
1)adv. 好奇地
2) 奇怪地
--Curiouslyenough, he seems to have known what we would do next. 说来奇怪,他似乎己经知道我们下一步怎么做。
--curious adj. 好奇的,强烈的
--Children are
naturally curious about everything around them. 小孩子对周遭的事情感到好奇是很自然的。
--curious to do 极想….
--I’m curious to
know what is written in his letter. 我极想知道他在信中写些什么。
--funny
1)adj. 可笑的,滑稽的
--a funny story 有趣的故事
I heard such afunny joke last night.
昨天晚上我听到一个非常有趣的笑话。
2)奇特的;难以了解的
"It's a funny thing, but she put the ring on thedressing table a few minutes ago, and now it's missing."
"真是怪,她几分钟前才把戒指放在梳妆台上,现在却不见了。"
--It’s funny that he said such a thing. 很奇怪他居然说这种话
--kindly adv. 和蔼地
--He treated me kindly. 他待我亲切。
--He kindly drove me home. 他好心开车送我回家
--take kindly to 欣然接受,容易地适应(通常用于疑问句,否定句。)
--He didn’t take kindly to working for a female boss. 他不喜欢为女老板工作。
--ugly adj.
1)丑陋的,难看的
--an ugly face 难看的脸
--形容女性的容貌“难看”时用plain
--ugly 一词宜避免使用
--Now he has put an ugly stone head over the gate.
现在他把一个丑陋的石雕头像挂在大门上。
2)不愉快的,讨厌的
--amused adj.有趣的,表示(人表情等)愉快的
--amusing adj. 好笑的,好玩的,有趣的
--amuse v.使(某人)快乐,逗乐
--be amuse to do 做…取乐
I had an amusing experience last year.
去年我有过一次好笑的经历。
--smile
1)v. 微笑
--She smiled when she saw me.
她看见我时露出微笑。
--"At the station, he was told by a smiling policemanthat his bicycle had been found."
"在警察局里,一个满面笑容的警察告诉他,他的自行车找到了。"
--The two girls stood there smiling at the camera. 那两个女孩子站在那里对着照机微笑。
2)n.微笑,笑容
a smile on his face
他脸上的笑容
--embarrassed adj. 尴尬的,窘迫的,觉得不好意思的
--feel embarrassed 感觉不好意思
--embarrassing adj. 令人尴尬的,令人困惑的
--embarrass v.使人窘迫,使人为难,使人不好意思
--Making speeches in public always embarrasses me. 在众人面前演说时,我觉得慌张困窘
When I began to sing, he laughed and made me embarrassed.
我开始唱歌时,他大笑起来,使我感到很窘。
Question: Why was the mother embarrassed? 为什么母亲感到很尴尬?
Last week, my four-year-old daughter, Sally, was invited toa children’s party.
1)这篇短文讲的是作者与女儿坐火车旅行的一次经历。开篇用last week,确定了文章的基本的时态为一般过去时。
2.four-year-old 合成形容词,其中名词必须用单数形式。
--a 800-metre-long bridge 一座800米长的桥
3. was invited to 被邀请去,被动语态
I decided to take her by train.=I decided to bake her to theparty by train.
--decide 决定
--decide to do sth 决定去做某事
--I’ve decided to pick up French. 我决定开始学习法语。
--take 带
Sally was very excited because she had never traveled on atrain before.
--excited 分词形容词,“激动的”
--exciting 令人激动的
--interested 感兴趣的(说明人)
--I am interested in the film.
--interesting 有趣的,令人感兴趣的(说明物)
--This is an interesting film.
--because 连词,引导原因状语从句
--I won’t do it, because I don’t like it. 我不干,因为我不喜欢。
--on a train=by train
She sat near the window and asked question about everythingshe saw.
1)ask questions about 对…提出问题
2))everything shesaw 她所看到的一切
--she saw =that she saw 定语从句修饰everything
Suddenly, a middle-aged lady got on the train and satopposite Sally.
--middle-aged 中年的
--形容词+名词+-ed,构成形容词,相当于with介词短语
--a long-faced man =a man with a long face一个长脸的人
--a big-eyed girl= a girl with big eyes 一个大眼睛的女孩
--get on the train 上火车
--get into the train
--get off the train 下火车
--opposite prep.在…对面
“Hello, little girl,’ she said. Sally did not answer, butlooked at her curiously.
The lady was dressed in a blue coat and a large, funny hat.
--be dressed in (=wear, have on)穿着…
--In those years, everyone was dressed in blue or green. 在那个年代,人人都穿蓝色或绿色的衣服。
After the train had left the station, the lady opened herhandbag and took out her power compact.
1)after, 连词,引起时间状语从句。
2.had left过去完成时,说明leave的动作,发生在另一过去作作open之前。
3.take out 拿出,取出
--bring out
She then began to make up her face.
--make up 化妆,打扮
--She is still making up. 她还在梳妆打扮。
--The actors were making up when we arrived. 我们赶到的时候,演员们还在化妆。
--‘Why are you doing that?’ Sally asked.
--doing that=making up your face
‘To make myself beautiful,’ the lady answered.
--to make myself beautiful 不定式短语做状语,说明make up her face(打扮)之目的
--She put away her compact and smiled kindly.
--put away 放在一边,收起
--He put his books away, stood up and left. 他收好书,起身走了。
Sally was amused, but I was very embarrassed!
--amused 分词形容词,高兴快乐的,开心的,有趣的
--amusing 有趣的,令人开心的
--embarrassed 分词形容词,尴尬的,窘迫的
--embarrassing 令人尴尬的,令人难堪的
--worried adj.担忧的,担心的
--She is very worried about her sick mother. 她很担心她生病的母亲。
--worry v. 担心
--You have nothing to worry about. 你没有什么可担心的。
--worry sb 使(某人)担心,使烦恼
--Don’t let that worry you. 别为那件事担忧烦恼。
--He worried himself about his future. 他担心自己的将来。
--worry…..for…..緾着某人要…
--He worried his parents for a bicycle. 他緾着父母要一辆自行车
--worry…to do 緾着(某人)做…
--My wife is worrying me to buy a house.我太太老是緾着我买房子。
--regularly adv. 经常地,定期地
--He comes here regularly every Friday. 他每星期五固定来这里一趟。
--regular adj.
1)有规则的,定期的
--This is her regular route to her school. 这是她平常上学所走的路线。
2)有秩序的,整齐的,井井有条的
--keep regular hours
过有规律的生活