Mysql8主从同步
由于技术的不断更新，因此部分位置附上官方文档地址，以最新为准。
主从库复制
配置文件，Master添加server_id必须是1 到 (2^32)−1的整数。该值默认为1，也可通过设置变量形式修改SET GLOBAL server_id = 1;
server_id = 1
其它配置
log_bin=ON #写日志文件，默认开启
auto_increment_increment=1 # 逐渐自增步长
auto_increment_offset=1 # 主键自增起始位置
log_slave_updates=ON # 从其他主库同步的数据也记录二进制文件 8.0.23之前
log_replica_updates=ON # 从其他主库同步的数据也记录二进制文件 8.0.23之后
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=1 #每提交一次事务同步一次二进制文件
sync_binlog=1 # 每提交一次事务同步一次二进制文件，0为不主动同步，默认1
skip_networking=OFF #默认off，允许TCP/IP连接
1.MySQL 8.0.23(不含)之前使用命令 CHANGE MASTER TO 原文地址
CHANGE MASTER TO option [, option] ... [ channel_option ]
option: {
MASTER_BIND = 'interface_name'
| MASTER_HOST = 'host_name'
| MASTER_USER = 'user_name'
| MASTER_PASSWORD = 'password'
| MASTER_PORT = port_num
| PRIVILEGE_CHECKS_USER = {'account' | NULL}
| REQUIRE_ROW_FORMAT = {0|1}
| REQUIRE_TABLE_PRIMARY_KEY_CHECK = {STREAM | ON | OFF}
| ASSIGN_GTIDS_TO_ANONYMOUS_TRANSACTIONS = {OFF | LOCAL | uuid}
| MASTER_LOG_FILE = 'source_log_name'
| MASTER_LOG_POS = source_log_pos
| MASTER_AUTO_POSITION = {0|1}
| RELAY_LOG_FILE = 'relay_log_name'
| RELAY_LOG_POS = relay_log_pos
| MASTER_HEARTBEAT_PERIOD = interval
| MASTER_CONNECT_RETRY = interval
| MASTER_RETRY_COUNT = count
| SOURCE_CONNECTION_AUTO_FAILOVER = {0|1}
| MASTER_DELAY = interval
| MASTER_COMPRESSION_ALGORITHMS = 'algorithm[,algorithm][,algorithm]'
| MASTER_ZSTD_COMPRESSION_LEVEL = level
| MASTER_SSL = {0|1}
| MASTER_SSL_CA = 'ca_file_name'
| MASTER_SSL_CAPATH = 'ca_directory_name'
| MASTER_SSL_CERT = 'cert_file_name'
| MASTER_SSL_CRL = 'crl_file_name'
| MASTER_SSL_CRLPATH = 'crl_directory_name'
| MASTER_SSL_KEY = 'key_file_name'
| MASTER_SSL_CIPHER = 'cipher_list'
| MASTER_SSL_VERIFY_SERVER_CERT = {0|1}
| MASTER_TLS_VERSION = 'protocol_list'
| MASTER_TLS_CIPHERSUITES = 'ciphersuite_list'
| MASTER_PUBLIC_KEY_PATH = 'key_file_name'
| GET_MASTER_PUBLIC_KEY = {0|1}
| NETWORK_NAMESPACE = 'namespace'
| IGNORE_SERVER_IDS = (server_id_list),
| GTID_ONLY = {0|1}
}
channel_option:
FOR CHANNEL channel
server_id_list:
[server_id [, server_id] ... ]
简单的配置：
change master to
master_host='x.x.x.x', # 主库地址
master_port= 3306,
master_user='',
master_password='',
master_log_file='mysql-bin.000001', # 日志文件名
master_log_pos=157; # 日志文件偏移量
master_log_file和master_log_pos要通过SHOW MASTER STATUS查看。
副本指定master地址之后使用命令start slave;开启同步。即可完成主从同步配置！
2.MySQL 8.0.23（含）之后 CHANGE REPLICATION SOURCE TO 原文地址
CHANGE REPLICATION SOURCE TO option [, option] ... [ channel_option ]
option: {
SOURCE_BIND = 'interface_name'
| SOURCE_HOST = 'host_name'
| SOURCE_USER = 'user_name'
| SOURCE_PASSWORD = 'password'
| SOURCE_PORT = port_num
| PRIVILEGE_CHECKS_USER = {NULL | 'account'}
| REQUIRE_ROW_FORMAT = {0|1}
| REQUIRE_TABLE_PRIMARY_KEY_CHECK = {STREAM | ON | OFF | GENERATE}
| ASSIGN_GTIDS_TO_ANONYMOUS_TRANSACTIONS = {OFF | LOCAL | uuid}
| SOURCE_LOG_FILE = 'source_log_name'
| SOURCE_LOG_POS = source_log_pos
| SOURCE_AUTO_POSITION = {0|1}
| RELAY_LOG_FILE = 'relay_log_name'
| RELAY_LOG_POS = relay_log_pos
| SOURCE_HEARTBEAT_PERIOD = interval
| SOURCE_CONNECT_RETRY = interval
| SOURCE_RETRY_COUNT = count
| SOURCE_CONNECTION_AUTO_FAILOVER = {0|1}
| SOURCE_DELAY = interval
| SOURCE_COMPRESSION_ALGORITHMS = 'algorithm[,algorithm][,algorithm]'
| SOURCE_ZSTD_COMPRESSION_LEVEL = level
| SOURCE_SSL = {0|1}
| SOURCE_SSL_CA = 'ca_file_name'
| SOURCE_SSL_CAPATH = 'ca_directory_name'
| SOURCE_SSL_CERT = 'cert_file_name'
| SOURCE_SSL_CRL = 'crl_file_name'
| SOURCE_SSL_CRLPATH = 'crl_directory_name'
| SOURCE_SSL_KEY = 'key_file_name'
| SOURCE_SSL_CIPHER = 'cipher_list'
| SOURCE_SSL_VERIFY_SERVER_CERT = {0|1}
| SOURCE_TLS_VERSION = 'protocol_list'
| SOURCE_TLS_CIPHERSUITES = 'ciphersuite_list'
| SOURCE_PUBLIC_KEY_PATH = 'key_file_name'
| GET_SOURCE_PUBLIC_KEY = {0|1}
| NETWORK_NAMESPACE = 'namespace'
| IGNORE_SERVER_IDS = (server_id_list),
| GTID_ONLY = {0|1}
}
channel_option:
FOR CHANNEL channel
server_id_list:
[server_id [, server_id] ... ]
简单的配置：
change replication source to
source_host='x.x.x.x', # 主库地址
source_port= 3306,
source_user='',
source_password='',
source_log_file='mysql-bin.000001', # 日志文件名
source_log_pos=157; # 日志文件偏移量
source_log_file和source_log_pos要通过SHOW MASTER STATUS查看。
副本指定master地址之后使用命令start replica;开启同步。即可完成主从同步配置！
查看binlog.000001日志文件内容show binlog events in 'binlog.000001'; ，原文地址
SHOW BINLOG EVENTS
[IN 'log_name']
[FROM pos]
[LIMIT [offset,] row_count]
从库配置主库相关信息后，开启同步命令MySQL 8.0.22及其之前 START SLAVE ，之后 START REPLICA，原文地址
START {SLAVE | REPLICA} [thread_types] [until_option] [connection_options] [channel_option]
thread_types:
[thread_type [, thread_type] ... ]
thread_type:
IO_THREAD | SQL_THREAD
until_option:
UNTIL { {SQL_BEFORE_GTIDS | SQL_AFTER_GTIDS} = gtid_set
| MASTER_LOG_FILE = 'log_name', MASTER_LOG_POS = log_pos
| SOURCE_LOG_FILE = 'log_name', SOURCE_LOG_POS = log_pos
| RELAY_LOG_FILE = 'log_name', RELAY_LOG_POS = log_pos
| SQL_AFTER_MTS_GAPS }
connection_options:
[USER='user_name'] [PASSWORD='user_pass'] [DEFAULT_AUTH='plugin_name'] [PLUGIN_DIR='plugin_dir']
channel_option:
FOR CHANNEL channel
gtid_set:
uuid_set [, uuid_set] ...
| ''
uuid_set:
uuid:interval[:interval]...
uuid:
hhhhhhhh-hhhh-hhhh-hhhh-hhhhhhhhhhhh
h:
[0-9,A-F]
interval:
n[-n]
(n >= 1)
重置主库 RESET MASTER, 原文地址
RESET MASTER [TO binary_log_file_index_number]
重置从库状态(让副本忘记主库二进制日志文件中复制的位置)，MySQL 8.0.22及其之前RESET SLAVE，之后使用RESET REPLICA，原文地址
RESET {SLAVE | REPLICA} [ALL] [channel_option]
channel_option:
FOR CHANNEL channel
停止从库复制 STOP SLAVE | STOP REPLICA; 原文地址
STOP {SLAVE | REPLICA} [thread_types] [channel_option]
thread_types:
[thread_type [, thread_type] ... ]
thread_type: IO_THREAD | SQL_THREAD
channel_option:
FOR CHANNEL channel
查看主库状态 SHOW MASTER STATUS； ，原文地址
查看从库状态 SHOW SLAVE | SHOW REPLICA，原文地址
SHOW {SLAVE | REPLICA} STATUS [FOR CHANNEL channel]
例：SHOW REPLICA STATUS\G； \G表示格式化
连接相关信息查看select * from mysql.slave_master_info
日志状态相关，原文地址