- 生成图形验证码
- 改造登陆页
- 认证流程添加验证码校验
添加验证码大致可以分为三个步骤:根据随机数生成验证码图片;将验证码图片显示到登录页面;认证流程中加入验证码校验。Spring Security的认证校验是由UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter过滤器完成的,所以我们的验证码校验逻辑应该在这个过滤器之前。
生成图形验证码
添加依赖
org.springframework.social
spring-social-config
1.1.6.RELEASE
创建一个验证码对象ImageCode:
@Data
public class ImageCode {
private BufferedImage image;
private String code;
private LocalDateTime expireTime;
public ImageCode(BufferedImage image, String code, int expireIn) {
this.image = image;
this.code = code;
this.expireTime = LocalDateTime.now().plusSeconds(expireIn);
}
boolean isExpire() {
return LocalDateTime.now().isAfter(expireTime);
}
}
ImageCode对象包含了三个属性:image图片,code验证码和expireTime过期时间。isExpire方法用于判断验证码是否已过期。
创建ValidateController,编写接口,返回图形验证码:
@RestController
public class ValidateController {
public final static String SESSION_KEY_IMAGE_CODE = "SESSION_KEY_IMAGE_CODE";
private SessionStrategy sessionStrategy = new HttpSessionSessionStrategy();
@GetMapping("/code/image")
public void createCode(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
ImageCode imageCode = createImageCode();
sessionStrategy.setAttribute(new ServletWebRequest(request), SESSION_KEY_IMAGE_CODE, imageCode);
ImageIO.write(imageCode.getImage(), "jpeg", response.getOutputStream());
}
private ImageCode createImageCode() {
int width = 100; // 验证码图片宽度
int height = 36; // 验证码图片长度
int length = 4; // 验证码位数
int expireIn = 60; // 验证码有效时间 60s
BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
Graphics graphics = image.getGraphics();
Random random = new Random();
graphics.setColor(getRandColor(200, 500));
graphics.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);
graphics.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman", Font.ITALIC, 20));
graphics.setColor(getRandColor(160, 200));
for (int i = 0; i < 155; i++) {
int x = random.nextInt(width);
int y = random.nextInt(height);
int xl = random.nextInt(12);
int yl = random.nextInt(12);
graphics.drawLine(x, y, x + xl, y + yl);
}
StringBuilder sRand = new StringBuilder();
for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
String rand = String.valueOf(random.nextInt(10));
sRand.append(rand);
graphics.setColor(new Color(20 + random.nextInt(110), 20 + random.nextInt(110), 20 + random.nextInt(110)));
graphics.drawString(rand, 13 * i + 6, 16);
}
graphics.dispose();
return new ImageCode(image, sRand.toString(), expireIn);
}
private Color getRandColor(int fc, int bc) {
Random random = new Random();
if (fc > 255)
fc = 255;
if (bc > 255)
bc = 255;
int r = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
int g = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
int b = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
return new Color(r, g, b);
}
}
createImageCode方法用于生成验证码对象,org.springframework.social.connect.web.HttpSessionSessionStrategy对象封装了一些处理Session的方法,包含了setAttribute、getAttribute和removeAttribute方法,具体可以查看该类的源码。使用sessionStrategy将生成的验证码对象存储到Session中,并通过IO流将生成的图片输出到登录页面上。
改造登录页面
在登录页面添加如下代码:
标签的src属性对应ValidateController的createImageCode方法。
配置验证码请求不配拦截: "/code/image"
@Override
protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
http.addFilterBefore(validateCodeFilter, UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.class) //添加验证码效验过滤器
.formLogin() // 表单登录
.loginPage("/login.html") // 登录跳转url
// .loginPage("/authentication/require")
.loginProcessingUrl("/login") // 处理表单登录url
// .successHandler(authenticationSuccessHandler)
.failureHandler(authenticationFailureHandler)
.and()
.authorizeRequests() // 授权配置
.antMatchers("/login.html", "/css/**", "/authentication/require", "/code/image").permitAll() // 无需认证
.anyRequest() // 所有请求
.authenticated() // 都需要认证
.and().csrf().disable();
}
重启项目,访问登录:
认证流程添加验证码效验
在校验验证码的过程中,可能会抛出各种验证码类型的异常,比如“验证码错误”、“验证码已过期”等,所以我们定义一个验证码类型的异常类:
public class ValidateCodeException extends AuthenticationException {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 2672899097153524723L;
public ValidateCodeException(String explanation) {
super(explanation);
}
}
注意,这里继承的是AuthenticationException而不是Exception。
我们都知道,Spring Security实际上是由许多过滤器组成的过滤器链,处理用户登录逻辑的过滤器为UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter,而验证码校验过程应该是在这个过滤器之前的,即只有验证码校验通过后才去校验用户名和密码。由于Spring Security并没有直接提供验证码校验相关的过滤器接口,所以我们需要自己定义一个验证码校验的过滤器ValidateCodeFilter:
@Component
public class ValidateCodeFilter extends OncePerRequestFilter {
@Autowired
private AuthenticationFailureHandler authenticationFailureHandler;
private SessionStrategy sessionStrategy = new HttpSessionSessionStrategy();
@Override
protected void doFilterInternal(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws ServletException, IOException {
if (StringUtils.equalsIgnoreCase("/login", httpServletRequest.getRequestURI())
&& StringUtils.equalsIgnoreCase(httpServletRequest.getMethod(), "post")) {
try {
validateCode(new ServletWebRequest(httpServletRequest));
} catch (ValidateCodeException e) {
authenticationFailureHandler.onAuthenticationFailure(httpServletRequest, httpServletResponse, e);
return;
}
}
filterChain.doFilter(httpServletRequest, httpServletResponse);
}
private void validateCode(ServletWebRequest servletWebRequest) throws ServletRequestBindingException, ValidateCodeException {
......
}
}
ValidateCodeFilter继承了org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter,该过滤器只会执行一次。
在doFilterInternal方法中我们判断了请求URL是否为/login,该路径对应登录form表单的action路径,请求的方法是否为POST,是的话进行验证码校验逻辑,否则直接执行filterChain.doFilter让代码往下走。当在验证码校验的过程中捕获到异常时,调用Spring Security的校验失败处理器AuthenticationFailureHandler进行处理。
validateCode的校验逻辑如下所示:
private void validateCode(ServletWebRequest servletWebRequest) throws ServletRequestBindingException, ValidateCodeException {
ImageCode codeInSession = (ImageCode) sessionStrategy.getAttribute(servletWebRequest, ValidateController.SESSION_KEY_IMAGE_CODE);
String codeInRequest = ServletRequestUtils.getStringParameter(servletWebRequest.getRequest(), "imageCode");
if (StringUtils.isBlank(codeInRequest)) {
throw new ValidateCodeException("验证码不能为空!");
}
if (codeInSession == null) {
throw new ValidateCodeException("验证码不存在!");
}
if (codeInSession.isExpire()) {
sessionStrategy.removeAttribute(servletWebRequest, ValidateController.SESSION_KEY_IMAGE_CODE);
throw new ValidateCodeException("验证码已过期!");
}
if (!StringUtils.equalsIgnoreCase(codeInSession.getCode(), codeInRequest)) {
throw new ValidateCodeException("验证码不正确!");
}
sessionStrategy.removeAttribute(servletWebRequest, ValidateController.SESSION_KEY_IMAGE_CODE);
}
我们分别从Session中获取了ImageCode对象和请求参数imageCode(对应登录页面的验证码框name属性),然后进行了各种判断并抛出相应的异常。当验证码过期或者验证码校验通过时,我们便可以删除Session中的ImageCode属性了。
验证码校验过滤器定义好了,怎么才能将其添加到UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter前面呢?很简单,只需要在BrowserSecurityConfig的configure方法中添加些许配置即可:
@Override
protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
http.addFilterBefore(validateCodeFilter, UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.class) //添加验证码效验过滤器
.formLogin() // 表单登录
.loginPage("/login.html") // 登录跳转url
// .loginPage("/authentication/require")
.loginProcessingUrl("/login") // 处理表单登录url
// .successHandler(authenticationSuccessHandler)
.failureHandler(authenticationFailureHandler)
.and()
.authorizeRequests() // 授权配置
.antMatchers("/login.html", "/css/**", "/authentication/require", "/code/image").permitAll() // 无需认证
.anyRequest() // 所有请求
.authenticated() // 都需要认证
.and().csrf().disable();
}
上面代码中,我们注入了ValidateCodeFilter,然后通过addFilterBefore方法将ValidateCodeFilter验证码校验过滤器添加到了UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter前面。
重启项目,当不输入验证码的时候,返回:
输入错误验证码的时候:
源码地址:https://github.com/lbshold/springboot/tree/master/Spring-Security-ValidateCode
参考文章:
https://www.cnblogs.com/wutianqi/p/9186645.html
https://mrbird.cc/Spring-Security-ValidateCode.html