简单C# DGI绘图:时钟 (透明pictureBox解决抖动问题)
以前用VC++设计过时钟，也用flash做过，也在web上结合js做过，采用的思路是在直接绘制，当然是画圆、描点采用计数器来定时绘制时针、分针和秒针。
这里是在C#中采用GDI绘图来完成，结合pictureBox来解决了普通的抖动、闪烁问题。
解决方法：
1 当然是在表单上拖置一个pictureBox控件，这里暂且name = pictureBox1
2 重载OnPaint方法：protected override void OnPaint(PaintEventArgs e)
3 设置定时器timer， name =timer1, 响应timer1_Tick(),并在事件中重绘pictureBox
[也可以用Threading来sleep方法来定时]
pictureBox1.Invalidate();
4 [关键]在OnPaint()方法中绘制表盘和刻度等
5 [关键]将 pictureBox的设置为透明。属性->>backcolor->>web->>Transparent
完整代码如下：
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Drawing.Drawing2D;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace clock
{
public partial class Form1 : Form
{
private Graphics g;
private Pen pen;
private FontFamily MyFamily;
private Font MyFont;
private int w;
private int h;
public Form1()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
timer_Second.Start(); //开启定时器
timer_Second.Interval = 1000; //间隔为毫秒，即秒
}
protected override void OnPaint(PaintEventArgs e)
{
base.OnPaint(e);
g = e.Graphics;
g.SmoothingMode = SmoothingMode.AntiAlias; //
g.SmoothingMode = SmoothingMode.HighQuality;//绘图模式默认为粗糙模式，将会出现锯齿！
w = pictureBox1.Width;
h = pictureBox1.Height;
int x1 = pictureBox1.Location.X;
int y1 = pictureBox1.Location.Y;
/*------------------------------------------------------------------------------
计算：整点刻度个，每个刻度偏移角度为/12 = 30 度及为小时偏移角度
分秒刻度为个，每个刻度偏移角度为/60 = 6 度及为分、秒偏移角度
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
g.FillEllipse(Brushes.Black, x1+2,y1+2, w - 4, h - 4); //外圆
MyFamily = new System.Drawing.FontFamily("Impact"); //字体
MyFont = new System.Drawing.Font(MyFamily, 20, FontStyle.Bold, GraphicsUnit.Pixel);
g.DrawString("HOCYLAN", MyFont, Brushes.Yellow, x1 + w-180, y1 + h -100);
MyFamily = new System.Drawing.FontFamily("Times New Roman");
MyFont = new System.Drawing.Font(MyFamily, 14, FontStyle.Bold, GraphicsUnit.Pixel);
pen = new Pen(Color.White, 2);
g.DrawEllipse(pen, x1+7, y1+7, w - 13, h - 13);// 内圆
g.TranslateTransform(x1+(w / 2),y1+(h / 2));//重新设置坐标原点
g.FillEllipse(Brushes.White, -5,-5, 10, 10);//绘制表盘中心
//g.TranslateTransform(w/2,h/2);
for (int x = 0; x < 60; x++) //小刻度
{
g.FillRectangle(Brushes.White, new Rectangle(-2, (System.Convert.ToInt16(h- 8) / 2 - 2) * (-1), 3, 10));
g.RotateTransform(6);//偏移角度
}
for (int i = 12; i > 0; i--) //大刻度
{
string myString = i.ToString();
//绘制整点刻度
g.FillRectangle(Brushes.White, new Rectangle(-3, (System.Convert.ToInt16(h - 8) / 2 - 2) * (-1), 6, 20));
//绘制数值
g.DrawString(myString, MyFont, Brushes.White, new PointF(myString.Length * (-6),( h - 8) / -2 + 26));
//顺时针旋转度
g.RotateTransform(-30);//偏移角度
}
}
private void pictureBox1_Paint(object sender, PaintEventArgs e)
{
g = e.Graphics;
//绘图模式默认为粗糙模式，将会出现锯齿！
g.SmoothingMode = SmoothingMode.AntiAlias;
g.SmoothingMode = SmoothingMode.HighQuality;
g.TranslateTransform(w / 2, h / 2);//重新设置坐标原点
//获得系统时间值
int second = DateTime.Now.Second;
int minute = DateTime.Now.Minute;
int hour = DateTime.Now.Hour;
/*------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
每秒偏移度，秒针偏移=当前秒*6
每分偏移读，分针偏移= 当前分*6+当前秒*（/60）
每小时偏移读，时针偏移= 当前时*30+当前分*（/60）+当前秒*（/60/60）
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
//绘秒针
pen = new Pen(Color.White, 1);
pen.EndCap = LineCap.ArrowAnchor;
g.RotateTransform(6 * second);
float y = (float)((-1) * (h / 2.75));
g.DrawLine(pen, new PointF(0, 0), new PointF((float)0, y));
////绘分针
pen = new Pen(Color.White, 4);
// pen.EndCap = LineCap.ArrowAnchor;
g.RotateTransform(-6 * second); //恢复系统偏移量，再计算下次偏移
g.RotateTransform((float)(second*0.1+minute*6));
y = (float)((-1) * ((h-20) / 2.75));
g.DrawLine(pen, new PointF(0, 0), new PointF((float)0, y));
////绘时针
pen = new Pen(Color.White, 6);
// pen.EndCap = LineCap.ArrowAnchor;
g.RotateTransform((float)(-second * 0.1 - minute * 6));//恢复系统偏移量，再计算下次偏移
g.RotateTransform((float)(second * 0.01 + minute * 0.1+hour*30));
y = (float)((-1) * ((h-35) / 2.75));
g.DrawLine(pen, new PointF(0, 0), new PointF((float)0, y));
}
private void timer1_Tick(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
pictureBox1.Invalidate();//只重新绘制pictureBox
}
}
}
最后执行结果如下：
