Settings.apk修改
下面是Settings应用的截图：
可以看出这是很典型的使用了Fragment后的界面，设置里面有WIFI、蓝牙、显示、存储、应用等众多功能。左边的每一项，对应着右边的一个设置界面， Fragment有四个子类： DialogFragment, ListFragment, PreferenceFragment, WebViewFragment。很明显，Settings用的是 PreferenceFragment。接着看一下Settings源码package结构：
主题部分的实现主要在com.android.settings下面，其他包主要是用于各自功能实现，所以重点说这个包下面的类。在AndroidManifest.xml文字中，看到程序入口是Settings类：
打开Settings类，是继承于PreferenceActivity：
其他的继承关系如下： PreferenceActivity --> ListActivity --> Activity。 PreferenceActivity主要用于Settings，关于如何使用可以参考API（ http://developer.android.com/reference/android/preference/PreferenceActivity.html ）以及guide（ http://developer.android.com/guide/topics/ui/settings.html ）。和它相关联的类有header、fragment、preference。每一个header就是左边的一个选项条目，像蓝牙、应用等，选择之后右边就会显示对应的fragment（平板），然后fragment和preference联系在一起，组成了一个个设置项。一般在activity中设置布局，用的是setContentView()，在 PreferenceActivity中，是需要继承 onBuildHeaders(List)这个方法，
@Override
public void onBuildHeaders(List<Header> target) {
loadHeadersFromResource(R.xml.preference_headers, target);
} 去生成选项表，点击选项表的一个条目，右边显示对应的Fragment，这就是很典型的header+fragment组合，所以如果想在Settings基础之上添加条目的话，在这个方法里面的xml文件中添加即可，然后对应上fragment。下面分析一下执行流程：
首先进入 onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)方法里面，代码如下：
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
if (getIntent().getBooleanExtra(EXTRA_CLEAR_UI_OPTIONS, false)) {
getWindow().setUiOptions(0);
}
mAuthenticatorHelper = new AuthenticatorHelper();
mAuthenticatorHelper.updateAuthDescriptions(this);
mAuthenticatorHelper.onAccountsUpdated(this, null);
mDevelopmentPreferences = getSharedPreferences(DevelopmentSettings.PREF_FILE,
Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
getMetaData();
mInLocalHeaderSwitch = true;
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
mInLocalHeaderSwitch = false;
if (!onIsHidingHeaders() && onIsMultiPane()) {
highlightHeader(mTopLevelHeaderId);
// Force the title so that it doesn't get overridden by a direct launch of
// a specific settings screen.
setTitle(R.string.settings_label);
}
// Retrieve any saved state
if (savedInstanceState != null) {
mCurrentHeader = savedInstanceState.getParcelable(SAVE_KEY_CURRENT_HEADER);
mParentHeader = savedInstanceState.getParcelable(SAVE_KEY_PARENT_HEADER);
}
// If the current header was saved, switch to it
if (savedInstanceState != null && mCurrentHeader != null) {
//switchToHeaderLocal(mCurrentHeader);
showBreadCrumbs(mCurrentHeader.title, null);
}
if (mParentHeader != null) {
setParentTitle(mParentHeader.title, null, new OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(View v) {
switchToParent(mParentHeader.fragment);
}
});
}
// Override up navigation for multi-pane, since we handle it in the fragment breadcrumbs
if (onIsMultiPane()) {
getActionBar().setDisplayHomeAsUpEnabled(false);
getActionBar().setHomeButtonEnabled(false);
}
}mAuthenticatorHelper = new AuthenticatorHelper(); mAuthenticatorHelper.updateAuthDescriptions(this); mAuthenticatorHelper.onAccountsUpdated(this, null);这个段代码用于认证以及更新账户信息，接着往下看：
mDevelopmentPreferences = getSharedPreferences(DevelopmentSettings.PREF_FILE,Context.MODE_PRIVATE); 用于之后保存数据， 然后是getMetaData();这个方法，代码如下：
private void getMetaData() {
try {
ActivityInfo ai = getPackageManager().getActivityInfo(getComponentName(),
PackageManager.GET_META_DATA);
if (ai == null || ai.metaData == null) return;
mTopLevelHeaderId = ai.metaData.getInt(META_DATA_KEY_HEADER_ID);
mFragmentClass = ai.metaData.getString(META_DATA_KEY_FRAGMENT_CLASS);
// Check if it has a parent specified and create a Header object
final int parentHeaderTitleRes = ai.metaData.getInt(META_DATA_KEY_PARENT_TITLE);
String parentFragmentClass = ai.metaData.getString(META_DATA_KEY_PARENT_FRAGMENT_CLASS);
if (parentFragmentClass != null) {
mParentHeader = new Header();
mParentHeader.fragment = parentFragmentClass;
if (parentHeaderTitleRes != 0) {
mParentHeader.title = getResources().getString(parentHeaderTitleRes);
}
}
} catch (NameNotFoundException nnfe) {
// No recovery
}
}
一、添加headers
header即是左边的菜单，如下图左侧。它的布局文件在res下的xml文件夹中，名字是settings_headers.xml。打开如下：
<preference-headers xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" > <header android:id="@+id/wireless_section" android:title="@string/header_category_wireless_networks" /> <header android:id="@+id/wifi_settings" android:fragment="com.android.settings.wifi.WifiSettings" android:icon="@drawable/ic_settings_wireless" android:title="@string/wifi_settings_title" /> <header android:id="@+id/bluetooth_settings" android:fragment="com.android.settings.bluetooth.BluetoothSettings" android:icon="@drawable/ic_settings_bluetooth2" android:title="@string/bluetooth_settings_title" /> <header android:id="@+id/data_usage_settings" android:fragment="com.android.settings.DataUsageSummary" android:icon="@drawable/ic_settings_data_usage" android:title="@string/data_usage_summary_title" /> <header android:id="@+id/operator_settings" android:fragment="com.android.settings.WirelessSettings" > <intent android:action="com.android.settings.OPERATOR_APPLICATION_SETTING" /> header> <header android:id="@+id/wireless_settings" android:breadCrumbTitle="@string/wireless_networks_settings_title" android:fragment="com.android.settings.WirelessSettings" android:icon="@drawable/empty_icon" android:title="@string/radio_controls_title" /> <header android:id="@+id/device_section" android:title="@string/header_category_device" /> <header android:id="@+id/sound_settings" android:fragment="com.android.settings.SoundSettings" android:icon="@drawable/ic_settings_sound" android:title="@string/sound_settings" /> <header android:id="@+id/display_settings" android:fragment="com.android.settings.DisplaySettings" android:icon="@drawable/ic_settings_display" android:title="@string/display_settings" /> <header android:id="@+id/storage_settings" android:fragment="com.android.settings.deviceinfo.Memory" android:icon="@drawable/ic_settings_storage" android:title="@string/storage_settings" /> <header android:id="@+id/battery_settings" android:fragment="com.android.settings.fuelgauge.PowerUsageSummary" android:icon="@drawable/ic_settings_battery" android:title="@string/power_usage_summary_title" /> <header android:id="@+id/application_settings" android:fragment="com.android.settings.applications.ManageApplications" android:icon="@drawable/ic_settings_applications" android:title="@string/applications_settings" /> <header android:id="@+id/user_settings" android:fragment="com.android.settings.users.UserSettings" android:icon="@drawable/ic_settings_multiuser" android:title="@string/user_settings_title" /> <header android:id="@+id/manufacturer_settings" android:fragment="com.android.settings.WirelessSettings" > <intent android:action="com.android.settings.MANUFACTURER_APPLICATION_SETTING" /> header> <header android:id="@+id/personal_section" android:title="@string/header_category_personal" /> <header android:id="@+id/location_settings" android:fragment="com.android.settings.LocationSettings" android:icon="@drawable/ic_settings_location" android:title="@string/location_settings_title" /> <header android:id="@+id/security_settings" android:fragment="com.android.settings.SecuritySettings" android:icon="@drawable/ic_settings_security" android:title="@string/security_settings_title" /> <header android:id="@+id/language_settings" android:fragment="com.android.settings.inputmethod.InputMethodAndLanguageSettings" android:icon="@drawable/ic_settings_language" android:title="@string/language_settings" /> <header android:id="@+id/privacy_settings" android:fragment="com.android.settings.PrivacySettings" android:icon="@drawable/ic_settings_backup" android:title="@string/privacy_settings" /> <header android:id="@+id/kytusers_settings" android:fragment="com.android.settings.KytUsersSettings" android:icon="@drawable/ic_settings_backup" android:title="考易通账户" /> <header android:id="@+id/account_settings" android:title="@string/account_settings" /> <header android:id="@+id/account_add" android:icon="@drawable/ic_menu_add" android:title="@string/add_account_label" > <intent android:action="android.settings.ADD_ACCOUNT_SETTINGS" /> header> <header android:id="@+id/system_section" android:title="@string/header_category_system" /> <header android:id="@+id/date_time_settings" android:fragment="com.android.settings.DateTimeSettings" android:icon="@drawable/ic_settings_date_time" android:title="@string/date_and_time_settings_title" /> <header android:id="@+id/accessibility_settings" android:fragment="com.android.settings.AccessibilitySettings" android:icon="@drawable/ic_settings_accessibility" android:title="@string/accessibility_settings" /> <header android:id="@+id/development_settings" android:fragment="com.android.settings.DevelopmentSettings" android:icon="@drawable/ic_settings_development" android:title="@string/development_settings_title" /> <header android:id="@+id/about_settings" android:fragment="com.android.settings.DeviceInfoSettings" android:icon="@drawable/ic_settings_about" android:title="@string/about_settings" /> preference-headers>这些header分别对应着各自的菜单，如果想要添加还是删除就在这里修改即可。比如我们不想要蓝牙模块了，那就直接把下面这个header删除即可，添加的话类似。
<header android:id="@+id/bluetooth_settings" android:fragment="com.android.settings.bluetooth.BluetoothSettings" android:icon="@drawable/ic_settings_bluetooth2" android:title="@string/bluetooth_settings_title" />如果是做添加操作的话，不要忘了创建你的PreferenceFragment，然后在header里面添加id、fragment、icon、title等，如上面那样。
二、修改显示的应用
先看一下应用显示的部分：
看一下在源码中对应的包：
应用显示是一个滑动的界面，猜测是用ViewPager实现的，下面开始寻找实现。首先进入xml文件夹找到settings_headers，找到这一段代码：
<header android:id="@+id/application_settings" android:fragment="com.android.settings.applications.ManageApplications" android:icon="@drawable/ic_settings_applications" android:title="@string/applications_settings" />然后打开对应的fragment，ManageApplications。发现这个它是继承于Fragment
既然继承于Fragment，那就直接定位到onCreate()方法，
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setHasOptionsMenu(true);
mApplicationsState = ApplicationsState.getInstance(getActivity().getApplication());
Intent intent = getActivity().getIntent();
String action = intent.getAction();
int defaultListType = LIST_TYPE_DOWNLOADED;
String className = getArguments() != null
? getArguments().getString("classname") : null;
if (className == null) {
className = intent.getComponent().getClassName();
}
if (className.equals(RunningServicesActivity.class.getName())
|| className.endsWith(".RunningServices")) {
defaultListType = LIST_TYPE_RUNNING;
} else if (className.equals(StorageUseActivity.class.getName())
|| Intent.ACTION_MANAGE_PACKAGE_STORAGE.equals(action)
|| className.endsWith(".StorageUse")) {
mSortOrder = SORT_ORDER_SIZE;
defaultListType = LIST_TYPE_ALL;
} else if (Settings.ACTION_MANAGE_ALL_APPLICATIONS_SETTINGS.equals(action)) {
// Select the all-apps list, with the default sorting
defaultListType = LIST_TYPE_ALL;
}
if (savedInstanceState != null) {
mSortOrder = savedInstanceState.getInt(EXTRA_SORT_ORDER, mSortOrder);
int tmp = savedInstanceState.getInt(EXTRA_DEFAULT_LIST_TYPE, -1);
if (tmp != -1) defaultListType = tmp;
mShowBackground = savedInstanceState.getBoolean(EXTRA_SHOW_BACKGROUND, false);
}
mDefaultListType = defaultListType;
final Intent containerIntent = new Intent().setComponent(
StorageMeasurement.DEFAULT_CONTAINER_COMPONENT);
getActivity().bindService(containerIntent, mContainerConnection, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
mInvalidSizeStr = getActivity().getText(R.string.invalid_size_value);
mComputingSizeStr = getActivity().getText(R.string.computing_size);
TabInfo tab = new TabInfo(this, mApplicationsState,
getActivity().getString(R.string.filter_apps_third_party),
LIST_TYPE_DOWNLOADED, this, savedInstanceState);
mTabs.add(tab);
if (!Environment.isExternalStorageEmulated()) {
tab = new TabInfo(this, mApplicationsState,
getActivity().getString(R.string.filter_apps_onsdcard),
LIST_TYPE_SDCARD, this, savedInstanceState);
mTabs.add(tab);
}
tab = new TabInfo(this, mApplicationsState,
getActivity().getString(R.string.filter_apps_running),
LIST_TYPE_RUNNING, this, savedInstanceState);
mTabs.add(tab);
tab = new TabInfo(this, mApplicationsState,
getActivity().getString(R.string.filter_apps_all),
LIST_TYPE_ALL, this, savedInstanceState);
mTabs.add(tab);
} 这里主要是初始化TabInfo的数据，之后显示程序的时候会用到。接下来定位到onCreateView()方法，这个方法主要是初始化界面，
@Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
// initialize the inflater
mInflater = inflater;
View rootView = mInflater.inflate(R.layout.manage_applications_content,
container, false);
mContentContainer = container;
mRootView = rootView;
mViewPager = (ViewPager) rootView.findViewById(R.id.pager);
MyPagerAdapter adapter = new MyPagerAdapter();
mViewPager.setAdapter(adapter);
mViewPager.setOnPageChangeListener(adapter);
PagerTabStrip tabs = (PagerTabStrip) rootView.findViewById(R.id.tabs);
tabs.setTabIndicatorColorResource(android.R.color.holo_blue_light);
// We have to do this now because PreferenceFrameLayout looks at it
// only when the view is added.
if (container instanceof PreferenceFrameLayout) {
((PreferenceFrameLayout.LayoutParams) rootView.getLayoutParams()).removeBorders = true;
}
if (savedInstanceState != null && savedInstanceState.getBoolean(EXTRA_RESET_DIALOG)) {
buildResetDialog();
}
if (savedInstanceState == null) {
// First time init: make sure view pager is showing the correct tab.
for (int i = 0; i < mTabs.size(); i++) {
TabInfo tab = mTabs.get(i);
if (tab.mListType == mDefaultListType) {
mViewPager.setCurrentItem(i);
break;
}
}
}
return rootView;
}if (savedInstanceState == null) { // First time init: make sure view pager is showing the correct tab. for (int i = 0; i < mTabs.size(); i++) { TabInfo tab = mTabs.get(i); if (tab.mListType == mDefaultListType) { mViewPager.setCurrentItem(i); break; } } }这段代码的作用就是用于设置默认显示哪个选项卡的程序，所以就是“已下载”这个界面。然后回过头看一下上面的代码，
MyPagerAdapter adapter = new MyPagerAdapter();
mViewPager.setAdapter(adapter); 这个就是熟悉的适配器了，所以显示程序的数据在这里面。开打这个类，
class MyPagerAdapter extends PagerAdapter
implements ViewPager.OnPageChangeListener {
int mCurPos = 0;
@Override
public int getCount() {
return mTabs.size();
}
@Override
public Object instantiateItem(ViewGroup container, int position) {
TabInfo tab = mTabs.get(position);
View root = tab.build(mInflater, mContentContainer, mRootView);
container.addView(root);
return root;
}
@Override
public void destroyItem(ViewGroup container, int position, Object object) {
container.removeView((View)object);
}
@Override
public boolean isViewFromObject(View view, Object object) {
return view == object;
}
@Override
public CharSequence getPageTitle(int position) {
return mTabs.get(position).mLabel;
}
@Override
public void onPageScrolled(int position, float positionOffset, int positionOffsetPixels) {
}
@Override
public void onPageSelected(int position) {
mCurPos = position;
}
@Override
public void onPageScrollStateChanged(int state) {
if (state == ViewPager.SCROLL_STATE_IDLE) {
updateCurrentTab(mCurPos);
}
}
}MyPagerAdapter @Override public Object instantiateItem(ViewGroup container, int position) { TabInfo tab = mTabs.get(position); View root = tab.build(mInflater, mContentContainer, mRootView); container.addView(root); return root; }首先是获取到一个tab，然后这个tab用它的build()方法去生成一个视图，最后放到ViewPager显示。所以问题的重点分析就是TabInfo这个类了。先说buid()方法，
public View build(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup contentParent, View contentChild) { if (mRootView != null) { return mRootView; } mInflater = inflater; mRootView = inflater .inflate( mListType == LIST_TYPE_RUNNING ? R.layout.manage_applications_running : R.layout.manage_applications_apps, null); mLoadingContainer = mRootView.findViewById(R.id.loading_container); mLoadingContainer.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE); mListContainer = mRootView.findViewById(R.id.list_container); if (mListContainer != null) { // Create adapter and list view here View emptyView = mListContainer .findViewById(com.android.internal.R.id.empty); ListView lv = (ListView) mListContainer .findViewById(android.R.id.list); if (emptyView != null) { lv.setEmptyView(emptyView); } lv.setOnItemClickListener(this); lv.setSaveEnabled(true); lv.setItemsCanFocus(true); lv.setTextFilterEnabled(true); mListView = lv; mApplications = new ApplicationsAdapter(mApplicationsState, this, mFilter); mListView.setAdapter(mApplications); mListView.setRecyclerListener(mApplications); mColorBar = (LinearColorBar) mListContainer .findViewById(R.id.storage_color_bar); mStorageChartLabel = (TextView) mListContainer .findViewById(R.id.storageChartLabel); mUsedStorageText = (TextView) mListContainer .findViewById(R.id.usedStorageText); mFreeStorageText = (TextView) mListContainer .findViewById(R.id.freeStorageText); Utils.prepareCustomPreferencesList(contentParent, contentChild, mListView, false); if (mFilter == FILTER_APPS_SDCARD) { mStorageChartLabel.setText(mOwner.getActivity().getText( R.string.sd_card_storage)); } else { mStorageChartLabel.setText(mOwner.getActivity().getText( R.string.internal_storage)); } applyCurrentStorage(); } mRunningProcessesView = (RunningProcessesView) mRootView .findViewById(R.id.running_processes); if (mRunningProcessesView != null) { mRunningProcessesView.doCreate(mSavedInstanceState); } return mRootView; }第四行是生成了一view对象，
mRootView = inflater.inflate(mListType == LIST_TYPE_RUNNING ? R.layout.manage_applications_running: R.layout.manage_applications_apps, null); 这行代码用来判断加载哪个布局文件，确实viewpager虽然动态显示四个页面，但是其中三个的布局是一样的，唯一不一样的就是显示正在运行的界面。
ListView lv = (ListView) mListContainer
.findViewById(android.R.id.list);
if (emptyView != null) {
lv.setEmptyView(emptyView);
}
lv.setOnItemClickListener(this);
lv.setSaveEnabled(true);
lv.setItemsCanFocus(true);
lv.setTextFilterEnabled(true);
mListView = lv;
mApplications = new ApplicationsAdapter(mApplicationsState,
this, mFilter);
mListView.setAdapter(mApplications);public ApplicationsAdapter(ApplicationsState state, TabInfo tab, int filterMode) { mState = state; mSession = state.newSession(this); mTab = tab; mContext = tab.mOwner.getActivity(); mFilterMode = filterMode; }发现没有在这里传入什么数据，然后看一下ApplicationsAdapter这个类，发现它继承了三个接口，第一个是过滤用的，第三个是系统SDK接口用于ListView循环处理。而第二个接口正是负责处理数据的，
它有六个回调方法：
public static interface Callbacks {
public void onRunningStateChanged(boolean running);
public void onPackageListChanged();
public void onRebuildComplete(ArrayList apps);
public void onPackageIconChanged();
public void onPackageSizeChanged(String packageName);
public void onAllSizesComputed();
} @Override
public void onResume() {
super.onResume();
mActivityResumed = true;
updateCurrentTab(mViewPager.getCurrentItem());
updateOptionsMenu();
}void doResumeIfNeededLocked() { if (mResumed) { return; } mResumed = true; if (mPackageIntentReceiver == null) { mPackageIntentReceiver = new PackageIntentReceiver(); mPackageIntentReceiver.registerReceiver(); } //这个mApplications就是所有程序数据，如果你想过滤哪些程序的信息，对这个集合进行修改即可。比如你在做定制机的时候，不想自己的程序显示在Settings里面，那就在这里修改。 mApplications = mPm.getInstalledApplications(mRetrieveFlags); if (mApplications == null) { mApplications = new ArrayList至此，完成了显示程序的剖析，其他模块类似，只要按照流程走就行了。(); } if (mInterestingConfigChanges.applyNewConfig(mContext.getResources())) { // If an interesting part of the configuration has changed, we // should completely reload the app entries. mEntriesMap.clear(); mAppEntries.clear(); } else { for (int i = 0; i < mAppEntries.size(); i++) { mAppEntries.get(i).sizeStale = true; } } for (int i = 0; i < mApplications.size(); i++) { final ApplicationInfo info = mApplications.get(i); // Need to trim out any applications that are disabled by // something different than the user. if (!info.enabled && info.enabledSetting != PackageManager.COMPONENT_ENABLED_STATE_DISABLED_USER) { mApplications.remove(i); i--; continue; } final AppEntry entry = mEntriesMap.get(info.packageName); if (entry != null) { entry.info = info; } } mCurComputingSizePkg = null; if (!mBackgroundHandler.hasMessages(BackgroundHandler.MSG_LOAD_ENTRIES)) { mBackgroundHandler .sendEmptyMessage(BackgroundHandler.MSG_LOAD_ENTRIES); } };
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