错题整理:专题练习-进度管理(6)

PMP®远程第6章章节试题

4、 [单选] 一个活动工期的期望值6天,标准差0.5天,5天之内完成该活动的可能性是?
The expected value of an activity period is 6 days the standard deviation 0.5 days and the possibility of completing the activity within 5 days?

  • A:15.87%
    15.87%
  • B:97.73%
    97.73%
  • C:2.27%
    2.27%
  • D:84.13%
    84.13%

正确答案:C 你的答案:D
错题整理:专题练习-进度管理(6)_第1张图片

解析:期望值 6 天,标准差 0.5 天,5 天之内完成的概率就是正态分布曲线被期望值一分为二,左边的面积(50%)减去期望值向左两个标准差的面积,左右各两个标准差的面积是 95.46%。那 5 天之内完成的概率是 50%-(95.46%)/2=2.27% 可见,如果标准差是 0.5 天的话,提前一天完工的可能性只有 2.27%,几乎不可能。

10、 [单选] 编制项目计划时项目经理发现资源已过载,但无法获得更多的资源,工期还有一定的余量,项目经理最好去
The project resources had been overloaded but the project manager could not get more resources and there was still a certain amount of surplus in the project duration. What is the best thing for the project manager to do?

  • A:将非关键路径改为关键路径;
    Change the non-critical path to the critical path;
  • B:快速跟进项目;
    Fast-tracking the project;
  • C:实施资源平衡;
    Implementation of resource level;
  • D:实施资源平滑。
    Implementation of resource smooth.

正确答案:C 你的答案:D

解析:资源平衡 Resource Level 是指通过调整活动的开始或结束时间,来错开同期资源过载的问题。但往往会改变关键路径。题干中说时间还有余地,资源过载必须解决,资源平衡就是最佳选择。见 6.5.2.3。

14、 [单选] 在项目进度状态汇报会上,项目经理提供的CPM图中显示有两项活动的总浮动时间是负的,从该项分析中可以得出下列哪一项结论?
At the project status report the project manager’s CPM graph shows that the total floating time of two activities is negative and which one of the following conclusions can you draw from the analysis?

  • A:这两项活动都在关键路径上;
    Both activities are on the critical path;
  • B:两项活动的最早开始时间都早于最晚开始时间;
    The early start time of the two activities is earlier than the late finish time;
  • C:两项活动的最晚结束时间都早于最晚开始时间;
    The late finish time of the two activities is earlier than the late start time;
  • D:因为活动有负浮动时间,所以项目进度比计划超前了。
    Because of negative floating time the project progress is ahead of schedule.

正确答案:A 你的答案:C

解析:浮动时间≤0 的活动一定在关键路径上,A 正确;B 选项最早开始时间 ES 早于最晚开始时间LS,说明 LS-ES>0,有正的浮动时间,和题干不符; C>选项最晚结束时间 LF 早于最晚开始时间 LS,这两个值之间的差是活动历时 DU,不是浮动时间;D 选项活动有负浮动时间,如果不能压缩该活动的话,必然导致工期延误,不可能得出进度超前的结论。

16、 [单选] 标准差是衡量:
The standard deviation is the measurement:

  • A:估算值与最高估算值的偏差
    Deviation between the estimated value and the maximum estimation value.
  • B:测量数据相对均值的离散程度
    Measure the dispersion degree of relative mean of data.
  • C:最大值和最小值之间的距离
    The distance between maximum and minimum values
  • D:测量值与标准之间的偏差
    Deviation between measurement values and standards.

正确答案:B 你的答案:D

解析:标准差 σ 是衡量概率分布曲线的胖瘦,就是概率分布数据与均值(期望值)的离散程度。

专题练习-进度管理

7、 [单选] 在施工现场可被验收之前,正为一个关键项目活动寻求获得当地主管部门的批准,项目经理在为项目制定进度计划时应该做什么?
A key project activity is to seek approval from local authorities before a construction site can be accepted .What should the project manager do when scheduling the project?

  • A:避免将该活动放在关键路径上
    Avoid putting the activity on the critical path.
  • B:执行确定和整合依赖关系
    Perform dependency determination and integration.
  • C:获得专家判断
    Obtain expert judgment.
  • D:在风险登记册中添加一个新风险
    Add a new risk to the risk register.

正确答案:B 你的答案:D

解析:参考答案:B 解析:PMBOK(6)P191-6.3.2.2关键活动需要当地政府批准,这描述的是外部依赖关系,B对应。

8、 [单选] 在为一个有预算限制的项目生成状态报告时,项目经理发现该项目比进度计划落后一周。若要将项目拉回正轨,项目经理应该怎么做?
While generating the status report for a budget-constrained project, the project manager identifies that the project is one week behind schedule. What should the project manager do to bring the project back on track?

  • A:重新分配关键路径活动的团队成员
    Reallocate team members on critical-path activities.
  • B:向项目发起人要求额外的时间
    Request additional time from the project sponsor.
  • C:请求项目管理办公室(PMO)增加团队成员。
    Ask the project management office (PMO) for additional team members.
  • D:执行资源优化
    Perform resource optimization.

正确答案:A 你的答案:B

解析:参考答案:A 解析:时间不够,要赶工或进度压缩。D选项,资源平衡的工期会变长,资源平滑工期不变。

10、 [单选] 一个新项目完工所需成本的不确定性很高。项目经理应该用什么方法来确定预期成本
A new project has high uncertainly in the cost required for completion.What approach should the project manager use to determine the expected costs?

  • A:类比估算
    Analogous estimating
  • B:统计技术估算
    Statistical techniques estimating
  • C:参数估算
    Parametric estimating
  • D:三点估算
    Three-Point estimating

正确答案:D 你的答案:A

解析:参考答案:D 解析: 不确定情况下估算方法,三点估算。

11、 [单选] 项目经理正在为一个新项目制定项目进度计划,根据项目经理的经验,该项目需要两年才能完成。然而,公司总监要求该项目在18个月内完成。项目经理应该怎么做
A project manager has prepared project schedule for a new project. According to the project manager’s experience, the project will take two years to complete. However, the company director requests that the project is to be completed in 18 months. What should the project manager do?

  • A:根据总监的要求修订项目进度计划
    Revise the project schedule based on the director’s request.
  • B:使用资源平衡,来平均项目团队成员的任务
    Use resource leveling to even out project team member tasks.
  • C:减少项目范围以满足修订的项目进度计划
    Reduce the project scope to meet the revised project schedule.
  • D:保持项目进度计划不变,但显示这种变更对其他制约因素的影响
    Keep the project schedule unchanged, but show the impact this change would have on other constraints.

正确答案:A 你的答案:D

解析:参考答案:A 解析:PMBOK(6)P207-6.5.1.2制定进度计划-项目文件-假设日志。记录的假设条件和制约因素可能造成影响项目进度的单个风险等。将该项目总监的需求作为制约因素登记。

15、 [单选] 项目任务落后于进度。为了确保项目按时完成,项目经理聘请另一名工程师来完成任务。项目经理使用的是什么技术?
A project task is behind schedule.To ensure that the project completes on time,the project manager hires another engineer to work on the task.What technique did the project manager use?

  • A:快速跟进
    Fast tracking
  • B:资源平衡
    Resource leveling
  • C:资源平滑
    Resource smoothing
  • D:赶工
    Crashing

正确答案:D 你的答案:B

解析:时间不够,增加资源,是赶工。 6.6.2.6 进度压缩 赶工。通过增加资源,以最小的成本代价来压缩进度工期的一种技术。赶工只适用于那些通过增加 资源就能缩短持续时间的,且位于关键路径上的活动。

27、 [单选] 一个大型项目的工作分解结构(WBS)显示,2级项目计划几乎没有提供有关活动,依赖关系以及所需资源的信息。若要评估项目持续时间,项目经理应该做什么?
The work breakdown structure(WBS)for a large project shows that level 2plans provide little information on activities,dependencies,and required resources.What should the project manager do to assess the project’s duration?

  • A:制定WBS字典
    Develop a WBS dictionary.
  • B:执行自下而上估算
    Perform bottom-up estimating.
  • C:分析资源分解结构(RBS)
    Analyze the resource breakdown structure(RBS).
  • D:制定资源日历
    Develop the resource calendar.

正确答案:A 你的答案:B

解析:考察估算活动持续时间的依据,项目管理计划–进度管理计划规定了用于估算活动持续时间的方法和准确度,以及所需的其他标准;范围基准包含WBS词典。

章节专题2021-进度管理

2、 [单选] 项目经理正在估算其组织之前未从事过的一类项目的成本.应该使用什么方法来估算成本
The project manager is estimating the cost of a type of project that his organization has not undertaken before. What method should be used to estimate the cost?

  • A:参数估算
    Parametric estimating
  • B:自下而上估算
    Bottom-up estimating
  • C:自上而下估算
    Top-down estimating
  • D:三点估算
    Three-point estimating

正确答案:B 你的答案:D

解析:解析:PMBOK(6)P202,6.4.2.5-自下而上估算。“从未从事过的一类项目”,没有可以用以参照的项目,排除参数估算和类比估算。选项D, 三点估算在估算的过程中兼顾风险因素,情景中没有强调类似的场景,排除。

3、 [单选] 一个项目实施团队需要满足一份非常严格的进度计划。相对于已完成的事项,这样会导致正在进行的工作超过负荷。为了解决这个问题,项目经理需要获得额外的资源。项目经理应该向发起人提供什么理由来支持追加资源的请求?
A project implementation team needs to meet a very strict schedule. Compared with the completed items, this will cause the ongoing work to overload. In order to solve this issue, the project manager needs to obtain additional resources. What reasons should the project manager provide to the sponsor to support the request for additional resources?

  • A:防止整个项目延迟交付
    Prevent delays in project delivery
  • B:提高团队生产力
    Improve the team’s productivity
  • C:在实施过程中推动资源平衡优化
    Promote Resource leveling optimization during implementation
  • D:帮助提高团队士气
    Help improve team morale

正确答案:A 你的答案:C

解析:解析:PMBOK(6)P222-6.6控制进度。“一份非常严格进度计划”,说明项目相关方对进度比较关注,比较容易从进度的角度来说服发起人追加资源。选项BC,都是通过对资源管理来提升效率,获得高产出,然而当前团队的工作已经超负荷,排除。选项C,资源平衡会带来关键路径延长,影响工期,与情景不符,排除。

4、 [单选] 在进行绩效评审后,项目经理识别到关键路径上五个工作包的其中一个可能会延迟两周时间。若要确保项目按进度执行,项目经理应该做什么?
In conducting the report, the project manager identified one of the five work packages on the critical path that could be delayed by two weeks. What should the project manager do to ensure that the project is on schedule?

  • A:通知相关方,并请求更多时间来处理该工作包
    Notify the stakeholders and request more time to process the work package
  • B:请求额外的资源来处理受影响的工作包
    Request additional resources to handle the affected work packages
  • C:分析该工作包以确定是否可以使用一些浮动时间
    Analyze the work package to determine if some floating time is available
  • D:调整受影响工作包的进度管理计划
    Adjust the schedule management plan for the affected work packages

正确答案:B 你的答案:D

解析:解析:PMDOK(6)P215,6.5.2.6- 进度压缩。选项A,焦点是工期出现了延迟,再请求更多的事件,问题更加严重。选项C,“关键路径”,浮动时间为0。选项D,进度管理计划是针对整个项目的,而不是针对工作包,错误。

5、 [单选] 项目团队正在执行一个分两阶段开展的项目。该项目目前处于第一阶段,第一阶段不涉及任何成本,因为成本均计入下一阶段。某位团队成员在此阶段无法轻松报告进度绩效指数(SPI)。项目经理应该做什么?
The project team is implementing a two-phase project. It is currently in the first phase, which involves no costs, as the costs are included in the next phase. A team member cannot easily report the Schedule Performance Index (SPI) at this phase. What should the project manager do?

  • A:审查项目管理计划,以便将成本分配到两个阶段,并计算挣值 (EV)
    Review the project management plan to allocate costs to two phases and calculate earned value (EV)
  • B:使用挣值和计划值(PV)指标监控进度计划
    Monitor the schedule using earned and planned value (PV) metrics
  • C:将该阶段无法报告进度绩效指数这一情况报告给项目管理办公室(PMO)
    Report management indices that are not possible to report schedule performance index at this phase to the Project Management Office (PMO)
  • D:将项目分成多个部分并选择替代指标
    Divide the project into multiple sections and select alternative metrics

正确答案:D 你的答案:B

解析:解析:PMBOK(6)P222-6.6控制进度。“无法轻松报告进度绩效指数”,问题出在对数据的定义和测量上,特别是第一个阶段的成本计入了第二个阶段,需要对绩效测量指标进行明确。选项A,成本的核算方式已经明确了,排除。选项B,如果绩效测量指标是清晰完备的,SPI的计算就不存在困难,排除。选项C,发现的问题做为项目经理要积极解决。

6、 [单选] 由于监管要求,项目的上线日期是固定的,项目经理在规划阶段运行了关键路径这种方法,结果显示该项目预计会比规定时间晚两个月完成。项目经理该做什么来纠正这种情况?
Due to regulatory requirements, the project’s on-line date is fixed, and the project manager runs a critical path approach during the planning phase, which shows that the project is expected to be completed two months later than the required time. What should the project manager do to correct the project?

  • A:更新成本管理计划,为该项目分配更多资源
    Update the cost management plan to allocate more resources to the current project
  • B:包含进度计划储备或紧急情况,并分析新的关键路径
    Contain schedule reserves or contingencies, and analyzes new critical paths
  • C: 进行反向排程,以重新定义所需的时间和资源
    Reverse scheduling to redefine the time and resources required
  • D:通过剔除某些活动和缩短期限来缩减项目范围
    Eliminate the elimination of certain activities and reduce deadlines to reduce the project scope

正确答案:C 你的答案:B

解析:解析:PMBOK(6)P209-6.5.2.1进度网络分析。“上线的日期是固定的”,所以要以上线日期进行分析,根据分析的结果调整项目管理计划,譬如缩小项目范围、追加资源投入等等。选项ABD在选项C之后。

8、 [单选] 项目经理必须确定项目的完成日期。虽然大多数活动都是已知的,但由于产品交付日期未知,某些工作包无法安排。项目经理应该使用什么来向相关方提供完工日期估算?
The project manager must determine the project finish date. Although most activities are known, some work packages cannot be scheduled because the product delivery date is unknown. What should the project manager use to provide the stakeholder with an estimate of the finish date?

  • A:滚动式规划
    Rolling wave planning
  • B:蒙特卡洛模拟
    Monte Carlo simulation
  • C:分解
    Decomposition
  • D:计划评审技术(PERT)
    Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT)

正确答案:B 你的答案:C

解析:解析:PMBOK(6)P213-6.5.2.4数据分析-模拟。这题易选错成A。“必须确定项目的完工日期”,采用滚动式规划就不合适了,排除AC选项。此时需要借助蒙特卡洛技术,对项目完成日期的可能分布进行预测。

9、 [单选] 供应商在活动开始日期前四个工作日对材料发货。如果材料在交付给项目团队之前需要两个工作日的运输时间,还需要一个工作日在采购公司进行仓储程序,对于该材料的预期交付状态,下列哪一项说法是正确的?
The vendor ships the materials four working days before the start date of the event. If the material needs two working days of shipping time before being delivered to the project team, it will also take one working day for the warehousing process in the purchasing company. Which of the following statements is correct for the expected delivery status of the material?

  • A:团队将在活动开始日期当天接收到材料
    The team activity will receive the material on the day of the start date
  • B:团队将在活动开始日期后一天接收到材料
    The team activity will receive the material one day after the start date
  • C:团队将在活动开始日期前一天接收到材料
    The team activity will receive the material one day before the start date
  • D:团队将在活动开始日期前两天接收到材料
    The team activity will receive the material two days before the start date

正确答案:C 你的答案:A

解析:解析:PMBOK(6)P195-6.4估算活动持续时间。提前4个工作日发货,运输耗时2个工作日,仓储耗时1个工作日,团队提前1个工作日可以接收到新材料。

15、 [单选] 项目经理向客户提交了一份延迟的进度计划。客户要求缩短耗时最长的任务,以便使项目回归正轨。项目经理该做什么?
The project manager submitted a delayed schedule to the customer. The customer requested that the most time-consuming tasks be shortened in order to get the project back on track. What should the project manager do?

  • A:向客户展示关键路径,并鼓励他们聚焦于缩短这些活动的时间
    Show customers the critical path and encourage them to focus on shortening the time of these activities
  • B:与客户开会确定耗时最长的任务,并聚焦于缩短这些活动的时间
    Have a meeting with customers to identify the most time-consuming tasks and focus on shortening the time spent on these activities
  • C:聚焦于耗时更短的活动,以便在相同的时间范围内完成更多任务
    Focus on activities that take less time in order to accomplish more in the same time range
  • D:指出关键路径无法缩短
    Indicate that the critical path cannot be shortened

正确答案:A 你的答案:B

解析:解析:PMBOK(6)P210-6.5.2.2关键路径法。 题干关键词“延迟的进度计划”、“缩短耗时最长的任务”。 关键路径是项目中时间最长的活动顺序,因此关键路径上的活动决定项目最短工期。客户提出缩短耗时最长的任务,这一要求并不合理,因为它并未从整体上考虑单个任务和整个项目进度之间的关系。应该向客户展示关键路径,并聚焦于缩短关键路径上活动的时间,选A; 选项B错误,单单缩短耗时最长的任务,不一定能使项目回归正轨; 选项C错误,如果这些活动没在关键路径上,则无济于事; 选项D错误,关键路径可以通过进度压缩的方法缩短时间。

21、 [单选] ** 一位经验丰富的项目经理加入团队,对一个陷入困境的项目执行健康检查。健康检查报告确定所有任务是同时执行的,并且从项目开始时就不断出现问题。若要提供更好的项目结果,原先的项目经理应该事先做什么**?
An experienced project manager joins the team to execute a health check on a troubled project. The health check report confirmed that all tasks were performed at the same time, and issues continued to occur from the beginning of the project. To provide better project results, what should the former project manager have done beforehand?

  • A:审查详细的项目和阶段可交付成果
    Review detailed project and phase deliverables
  • B:定义项目的制约因素和限制条件
    Define project constraints and limitations
  • C:记录已识别的风险和假设条件
    Document identified risks and assumptions
  • D:制定更详细的项目进度计划
    Develop a more detailed project schedule

正确答案:D 你的答案:B

解析:解析:PMBOK(6)P205-6.5制定进度计划。 题干关键词“所有任务同时执行”。 由于所有任务同时执行并不断出现问题,可见原先的项目进度计划并没有创建合适的进度模型,故选D。 选项ABC在D之前,问“事先做什么”,选离问题时间点最近的那个选项。

22、 [单选] 在审查了每月进度报告后,项目经理发现项目的进度绩效指数(SPI)低于 1.0,由于关键路径活动没有报告延迟,项目经理应该做什么?
After reviewing the monthly schedule report, the project manager finds that the project’s Schedule Performance Index (SPI) is below 1.0. What should the project manager do since there is no reported delay in critical path activities?

  • A:审查非关键路径活动的可用浮动时间
    Review the available float time for non-critical path activities
  • B:通知相关方该项目进展正常
    Inform stakeholder that the project is scheduling normally
  • C:快速跟进关键路径活动
    Follow up critical path activities quickly
  • D:估算项目成本的超支
    Estimate project cost overruns

正确答案:A 你的答案:C

解析:解析:PMBOK(6)P263-进度绩效指数。 题干关键词“SPI<1”、“关键路径没有延迟”。 SPI<1说明进度绩效不佳, 但是关键路径没有延迟,说明是非关键路径上的活动拖累了进度绩效,应该予以审查,故选A。 选项B错误,违反职业道德; 选项C错误, 关键路径并没有延迟,无需快速跟进; 选项D错误,成本与本题无关。

23、 [单选] 一个项目的工作说明书(SOW)要求在六个月内交付项目。项目经理担心时间表不合理。 为解决这种情况,项目经理应该怎么做?
A project’s Statement of work (SOW) required delivery within six months. The project manager is concerned that the schedule is not reasonable. What should the project manager do to resolve this situation?

  • A:按照 SOW 制定项目管理计划
    Develop the project management plan according to SOW
  • B:请求额外的资源
    Request additional resources
  • C:与主题专家(SMEs)和发起人会面,以设定可实现的期望
    Have a meeting with subject matter experts (SMEs) and sponsors to set achievable expectations
  • D:通知项目发起人不能满足时间表
    Notify the project sponsor that the schedule cannot be met

正确答案:C 你的答案:A

解析:解析:PMBOK(6)P200-6.4.2.1专家判断。 题干关键词“时间表不合理”。 题干所述的问题,定位在制定进度计划之前的估算活动时间过程,现在这个时间不合理,在缺乏其他信息支撑的情况下,最佳方案是寻求专家的帮助,故选C; 选项A错误,忽略了SOW的限制条件; 选项B错误,不能脱离进度计划单单请求增加资源; 选项D错误,行动消极。

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