ref:【OpenCV3】文字绘制——cv::putText详解_cv.puttext_PHILOS_THU的博客-CSDN博客
opencv学习(十三)之文本文字插入_opencv视频添加文本并保存_梧桐栖鸦的博客-CSDN博客
opencv中除了提供绘制各种图形的函数外,还提供了一个特殊的绘制函数——在图像上绘制文字。这个函数即是cv::putText()。
具体形式如下:
void cv::putText(
cv::Mat& img, // 待绘制的图像
const string& text, // 待绘制的文字
cv::Point origin, // 文本框的左下角
int fontFace, // 字体 (如cv::FONT_HERSHEY_PLAIN)
double fontScale, // 尺寸因子,值越大文字越大
cv::Scalar color, // 线条的颜色(RGB)
int thickness = 1, // 线条宽度
int lineType = 8, // 线型(4邻域或8邻域,默认8邻域)
bool bottomLeftOrigin = false // true='origin at lower left'
);
参数解释:
. Mat& img: 要添加备注的图片
. const string& text: 要添加的文字内容
. Point org: 要添加的文字基准点或原点坐标,左上角还是左下角取决于最后一个参数bottomLeftOrigin的取值
. int fontFace: 文字的字体类型(Hershey字体集),可供选择的有
FONT_HERSHEY_SIMPLEX:正常大小无衬线字体
FONT_HERSHEY_PLAIN:小号无衬线字体
FONT_HERSHEY_DUPLEX:正常大小无衬线字体,比FONT_HERSHEY_SIMPLEX更复杂
FONT_HERSHEY_COMPLEX:正常大小有衬线字体
FONT_HERSHEY_TRIPLEX:正常大小有衬线字体,比FONT_HERSHEY_COMPLEX更复杂
FONT_HERSHEY_COMPLEX_SMALL:FONT_HERSHEY_COMPLEX的小译本
FONT_HERSHEY_SCRIPT_SIMPLEX:手写风格字体
FONT_HERSHEY_SCRIPT_COMPLEX:手写风格字体,比FONT_HERSHEY_SCRIPT_SIMPLEX更复杂
这些参数和FONT_ITALIC同时使用就会得到相应的斜体字
. double fontScale: 字体相较于最初尺寸的缩放系数。若为1.0f,则字符宽度是最初字符宽度,若为0.5f则为默认字体宽度的一半
. Scalar color: 很熟悉了,字体颜色
. int thickness = 1: 字体笔画的粗细程度,有默认值1
. int lineType = 8: 字体笔画线条类型,有默认值8
. bool bottomLeftOrigin = false: 如果取值为TRUE,则Point org指定的点为插入文字的左上角位置,如果取值为默认值false则指定点为插入文字的左下角位置.
对于字体的解释,请查看官方文档cvInitFont()
另外,我们在实际绘制文字之前,还可以使用cv::getTextSize()接口先获取待绘制文本框的大小,以方便放置文本框。具体调用形式如下:
cv::Size cv::getTextSize(
const string& text,
cv::Point origin,
int fontFace,
double fontScale,
int thickness,
int* baseLine
);
参数解释:
. const string& text: 输入的文本文字
. int fontFace: 文字字体类型
. double fontScale: 字体缩放系数
. int thickness: 字体笔画线宽
. CV_OUT int* baseLine: 文字最底部y坐标
下面就通过一个示例,来看看cv::getTextSize()与cv::putText()相结合的妙用:
//创建空白图用于绘制文字
cv::Mat image = cv::Mat::zeros(cv::Size(640, 480), CV_8UC3);
//设置蓝色背景
image.setTo(cv::Scalar(100, 0, 0));
//设置绘制文本的相关参数
std::string text = "Hello World!";
int font_face = cv::FONT_HERSHEY_COMPLEX;
double font_scale = 2;
int thickness = 2;
int baseline;
//获取文本框的长宽
cv::Size text_size = cv::getTextSize(text, font_face, font_scale, thickness, &baseline);
//将文本框居中绘制
cv::Point origin;
origin.x = image.cols / 2 - text_size.width / 2;
origin.y = image.rows / 2 + text_size.height / 2;
cv::putText(image, text, origin, font_face, font_scale, cv::Scalar(0, 255, 255), thickness, 8, 0);
//显示绘制解果
cv::imshow("image", image);
cv::waitKey(0);
return 0;
绘制解果如下:
the other示例程序:
#include
#include
#include
using namespace std;
using namespace cv;
int main()
{
string text = "Funny text inside the box";
//int fontFace = FONT_HERSHEY_SCRIPT_SIMPLEX; //手写风格字体
int fontFace = FONT_HERSHEY_SCRIPT_COMPLEX;
double fontScale = 2; //字体缩放比
int thickness = 3;
Mat img(600,800,CV_8UC3, Scalar::all(0));
int baseline = 0;
Size textSize = getTextSize(text, fontFace, fontScale, thickness, &baseline);
baseline += thickness;
//center the text
Point textOrg((img.cols - textSize.width)/2,(img.rows + textSize.height)/2);
//draw the box
rectangle(img,textOrg + Point(0,baseline),textOrg + Point(textSize.width, -textSize.height),Scalar(0,0,255));
line(img,textOrg + Point(0,thickness),textOrg + Point(textSize.width,thickness),Scalar(0,0,255));
putText(img,text,textOrg,fontFace,fontScale,Scalar::all(255),thickness,8);
imshow("text",img);
waitKey(0);
return 0;
}
程序解释:
. int fontFace = FONT_HERSHEY_SCRIPT_COMPLEX;字体为手写风格
. double fontScale = 2: 字体缩放比,在此处表示是默认字体大小的两倍
. Point textOrg((img.cols - textSize.width)/2,(img.rows + textSize.height)/2);这句代码可以求出字符串左下角位置坐标
. rectangle中第一个点:textOrg+Point(0, baseline)矩形框左下角坐标,第二个点:textOrg+Point(textSize.width,-textSize.height)是矩形的右上角
.Scalar::all(255)即三通道分量BGR均为255,字体为白色
ref:OpenCV几个绘图函数_西伯利亚大橘猫的博客-CSDN博客
rectangle(Mat& img,Point pt1, Point pt2, const Scalar&color, int thickness=1,int lineType=8, int shift=0)
rectangle(Mat& img,Rect rec, const Scalar&color, int thickness=1, int lineType=8,int shift=0)
intthickness为-1 则填充矩形 lineType线形
line(Mat& img, Point pt1,Point pt2, const Scalar& color, int thickness=1, int lineType=8,int shift=0)
circle(Mat&img, Point center, int radius, const Scalar&color,int thickness=1, intl ineType=8, int shift=0)
center圆心 radius半径
ellipse(Mat& img, Point center,Size axes, double angle, double startAngle, double endAngle, const Scalar& color,int thickness=1, int lineType=8, int shift=0)
axes:横竖大小, angle旋转角度
polylines(Mat& img, const Point** pts, const int* npts, int ncontours, bool isClosed, const Scalar& color, int thickness=1, int lineType=8, int shift=0 )
void putText(Mat& img, const string& text, Point org, int fontFace, double fontScale, Scalar color, int thickness=1, int lineType=8, bool bottomLeftOrigin=false )
test文字 org左下坐标
/*
绘图
*/
#include
#include
#include
using namespace cv;
using namespace std;
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
Mat canvas(400,400,CV_8UC3,Scalar(255,255,255));
//线
line(canvas, Point(10,10),Point(100,10),Scalar(0), 1, 8);
line(canvas, Point(10,20),Point(200,20),Scalar(50), 2, 4);
line(canvas, Point(10,40),Point(300,30),Scalar(100,200,255), 3, 2);
line(canvas, Point(10,80),Point(400,40),Scalar(200), 4, 1);
//矩形
rectangle(canvas, Rect(Point(0,200),Point(40,280)),Scalar(0,0,255),-1,8);
rectangle(canvas, Rect(Point(40,200),Point(80,280)),Scalar(0,255,0),4,8);
rectangle(canvas, Rect(Point(80,200),Point(120,280)),Scalar(255,255,0),8,8);
//○
circle(canvas, Point(50,50),10, Scalar(0,0,255),2);
circle(canvas, Point(300,100),5, Scalar(0,255,0),3);
circle(canvas, Point(250,350),15, Scalar(255,0,0),4);
ellipse(canvas, Point(50,300),Size(20,10),0,0,300,Scalar(255,0,255),5);
//文字
putText(canvas,"(50,50)",Point(50,50),1,1,Scalar(0));
putText(canvas,"(300,100)",Point(300,100),1,1,Scalar(0));
putText(canvas,"(250,350)",Point(250,350),1,1,Scalar(0));
putText(canvas,"(50,300)",Point(50,300),1,1,Scalar(0));
//折线
Point ps[1][5];
ps[0][0] = Point(50,50);
ps[0][1] = Point(300,100);
ps[0][2] = Point(250,350);
ps[0][3] = Point(50,300);
const Point* pts[1]={ps[0]};
int pn[1]={4};
polylines(canvas,pts,pn,1,true,Scalar(0));
namedWindow("canvas", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
imshow("canvas", canvas);
waitKey(0);
return 0;
}