rule of thumb 经验法则

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title: rule of thumb
date: 2018-08-07 11:03:18
NO_sents: 316
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rule of thumb
rule of thumbs

• The often cited rule of thumb--the "20/80" rule (Anonymous 1976)--stating that 20% of the clones constitute 80% of the gametic contribution, holds only for poor seed years. (Nielsen, Hansen, 2012) 二八定律
• As a rule of thumb, Shelbourne (1972) suggested that when the G X E variance is at least half the size of the additive variance (i.e., type B = 0.67), breeding strategies should be modified to address this interaction, or potential genetic gains will be compromised. (Dieters, White, Hodge, 1995)
• According to Shelbourne's rule of thumb (Shelbourne 1972), only interaction that has variance more than 50% of genetic variance has practical importance for potential gains from selection and breeding. (Wu, Matheson, 2005)
• As a rule of thumb, a relatively large number of clones (say 60) is needed for firstgeneration orchards established with clones of untested plus trees since: (1) Progeny testing will identify clones of inferior genetic quality that can be removed to increase genetic gain; and (2) Some clones will prove unsuitable for other reasons (e.g. graft incompatibility, lack of seed production or phenological disparity in time of flowering with other clones). (White, Adams, Neale, 2007)