单人女性幸福感(译自卫报)

We may have suspected it already, but now the science backs it up: unmarried and childless women are the happiest subgroup in the population. 我们可能会有点怀疑，但这种说法目前已经得到了科学的证实：未婚未育的女性是幸福感最高的群体。

suspect及物动词，怀疑，认为某事可能是真实的，而且通常说的是坏事，后面可以跟名词或that从句，that可以省略。比如：

She strongly suspected he was lying to her. 她非常怀疑他在对她撒谎。

怀疑某人做了某事，认为某人有做某事的嫌疑，suspect sb. of (doing) sth.

back up证实……，比如：Radio signals received from the galaxy's centre back up the black hole theory. 从该星系中心接收到的无线电信号证实了黑洞理论。

sub-这个词缀表示“附属、下属”，比如：

...a subcommittee on family values and individual rights. ...一个家庭价值观和个人权利的附属委员会。

..the subdivision of farms into smallholdings.  ...将农场再细分成小农场。

这里的subgroup就是更小范围的人群。

And they are more likely to live longer than their married and child-rearing peers, according to a leading expert in happiness.研究幸福方面的知名专家表示，他们很可能比已婚已育的同龄人更长寿。

rear及物动词，抚养，child-rearing这样构词之后就变为形容词，育有子女的，如果要说怀有孩子的，也就是出于分娩期的，那可以是childbearing.

抚养的近义词还有raise, bring up。

Speaking at the Hay Festival, Paul Dolan, a professor of behavioral science at the London School of Economics, said the latest evidence showed that the traditional markers used to measure success did not correlate with happiness — particularly marriage and raising children.伦敦政治经济学院行为科学教授保罗·多兰，在海伊文化节上发表演讲称，最新研究表明传统意义上用来衡量成功的标准（特别是婚姻与育儿）实际上与幸福并不相关。

开头第一句，speaking...作为状语，逻辑主语是主句主语a professor。

marker原意是标志物，引申为性质或特点的标志，比如the use of slang as a marker of social identity 代表着社会身份的俚语的使用。

traditional markers to measure success，后面的to measure...作为marker的后置定语，限定了这种marker的作用是衡量成功，因此可以理解为“传统意义上用来衡量成功的标准”。

"Married people are happier than other population subgroups, but only when their spouse is in the room when they're asked how happy they are. When the spouse is not present: it's miserable," he said.他说：“已婚人士比其他人群更幸福，但这仅限于被提问时，他们的配偶在场。当配偶不在场时，答案就很悲惨了。”

only when...这个从句修饰的是主语，只有在这样的情况下，married people are happier.后面还有一个when...则是修饰their spouse is in the room.