两个路由器不同网段，如何实现内网互通

我们经常会遇到企业随着员工或部门的增多，增加了一个路由器，分了两个网段，A子网和B子网处于不同网段，当网络中存在多个路由器时，要求不同路由器下属的子网可以互相通讯，同时又可以通过宽带路由器上网，这如何实现？

案例情景1
企业通过一台路由器R1上网，局域网LAN1。因为业务需要，扩充了一台路由器R2，加入一个新的局域网段LAN2。现在PC1与PC2都能正常访问外网，PC2可以访问 PC1，但是如何让PC1通访问PC2，网络拓扑图如下：

为了模拟真实的上网环境，我们先把网络部署一下。 

1、R1路由器设置 

sys
[R1]sys R1
[R1]un in en

[R1]dhcp enable

[R1]int g0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip addr 192.168.137.10 24
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit

[R1]int g0/0/1
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip addr 192.168.10.1 24
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]dhcp select int
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]dhcp server dns-list 114.114.114.114
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit

# NAT设置实现上网
[R1]acl 2000
[R1-acl-basic-2000]rule 5 permit source 192.168.10.0 0.0.0.255
[R1-acl-basic-2000]int g0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]nat outbound 2000
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit

[R1]dns resolve
[R1]dns server 114.114.114.114

# 默认路由
[R1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.137.1

2、R2路由器设置

sys
[R2]sys R2
[R2]un in en

[R2]dhcp enable

[R2]int g0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip addr 192.168.10.2 24
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit

[R2]int g0/0/1
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip addr 10.0.10.254 24
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]dhcp select int
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]dhcp server dns-list 114.114.114.114
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit

# NAT设置实现上网
[R2]acl 2000
[R2-acl-basic-2000]rule 5 permit source 10.0.10.0 0.0.0.255
[R2-acl-basic-2000]int g0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]nat outbound 2000
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit

[R2]dns resolve
[R2]dns server 114.114.114.114

# 默认路由
[R2]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.10.1

3、通过上面设置我们已实现

PC1可以上网

PC1>ping www.baidu.com

www.baidu.com -> www.a.shifen.com

Ping www.a.shifen.com [110.242.68.3]: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 110.242.68.3: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=45 time=62 ms
From 110.242.68.3: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=45 time=78 ms
From 110.242.68.3: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=45 time=78 ms
From 110.242.68.3: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=45 time=47 ms
From 110.242.68.3: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=45 time=63 ms

--- 110.242.68.3 ping statistics ---
  5 packet(s) transmitted
  5 packet(s) received
  0.00% packet loss
  round-trip min/avg/max = 47/65/78 ms

PC2可以上网

PC2>ping www.baidu.com

www.baidu.com -> www.a.shifen.com

Ping www.a.shifen.com [110.242.68.3]: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 110.242.68.3: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=44 time=78 ms
From 110.242.68.3: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=44 time=62 ms
From 110.242.68.3: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=44 time=63 ms
From 110.242.68.3: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=44 time=78 ms
From 110.242.68.3: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=44 time=94 ms

--- 110.242.68.3 ping statistics ---
  5 packet(s) transmitted
  5 packet(s) received
  0.00% packet loss
  round-trip min/avg/max = 62/75/94 ms

PC2访问PC1

PC2>ping 192.168.10.254

Ping 192.168.10.254: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 192.168.10.254: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=127 time=32 ms
From 192.168.10.254: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=127 time=31 ms
From 192.168.10.254: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=127 time=47 ms
From 192.168.10.254: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=127 time=31 ms
From 192.168.10.254: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=127 time=47 ms

--- 192.168.10.254 ping statistics ---
  5 packet(s) transmitted
  5 packet(s) received
  0.00% packet loss
  round-trip min/avg/max = 31/37/47 ms

PC1不可以访问PC2

PC>ping 10.0.10.253

Ping 10.0.10.253: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
Request timeout!
Request timeout!
Request timeout!
Request timeout!
Request timeout!

--- 10.0.10.253 ping statistics ---
  5 packet(s) transmitted
  0 packet(s) received
  100.00% packet loss

4、R1增加静态路由

# 增加静态路由，实现10.0.10.0网段访问192.168.10.0
[R1]ip route-static 10.0.10.0 24 192.168.10.2

PC1成功访问PC2 

PC1>ping 10.0.10.253

Ping 10.0.10.253: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 10.0.10.253: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=127 time=62 ms
From 10.0.10.253: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=127 time=63 ms
From 10.0.10.253: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=127 time=62 ms
From 10.0.10.253: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=127 time=63 ms
From 10.0.10.253: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=127 time=47 ms

--- 10.0.10.253 ping statistics ---
  5 packet(s) transmitted
  5 packet(s) received
  0.00% packet loss
  round-trip min/avg/max = 47/59/63 ms