普通状态 |
|
安静 |
|
halcyon |
宁静的,平静的:free from;繁荣的,丰富的:affluent |
mute |
不说话的,缄默的:refraining from speech;使颜色,音调等柔和:soften;减弱声音:muffle the sound |
quiescent |
平静的,静止的:quiet, inactive |
reticent |
沉默不语的:inclined to be silent;不愿意的:slow to begin |
serene |
安静的:free from uproar;稳重的,镇静的:unaffected, calm |
taciturn |
沉默寡言的,话少的:disinclined to talk |
tranquility |
宁静,淡定:freedom from storm |
placid |
宁静的,风平浪静的:free from storms;冷静的,淡定的:free from agitation |
吵闹 |
|
boisterous |
喧嚷的,吵闹的:noisily |
din |
喧闹声,嘈杂声:loud noise;重复,使人厌烦地反复灌输:again |
fracas |
争吵,吵闹:physical dispute, noisy fight |
obstreperous |
难驾驭的,任性的:unruly;吵闹的:loud and insistent cries |
restive |
急躁的,忧虑的:impatience, uneasiness;难以管束的:resisting control |
restless |
不平静的:lack of quite |
tumult |
骚乱,暴动:disorderly, disturbance |
vociferous |
喧哗的,大叫大嚷的:vehement outcry |
clamor |
喧闹;喧哗,噪声:loud, inharmonious |
吃惊 |
|
appall |
使惊恐:consternation |
furor |
喧闹,狂怒,激动,狂热:intense excitement |
marvel |
令人惊奇的事物:surprise, admiration or wonder;(因为壮观、美丽等而)表示惊讶:feel amazement |
petrify |
使僵化,使失去活力:become stiff |
sensation |
感觉,知觉:sense;轰动事件:intense interest |
startle |
使吓一跳,使大吃一惊:frighten or surprise |
agape |
急切盼望的:eagerly awaiting |
lurid |
恐怖的:令人反感的:causing revulsion;面色苍白的,病态的:pale in appearance |
squeamish |
恶心的,晕船的:nausea |
充满 |
|
fraught |
充满的:full;令人忧虑的:emotional distress |
replete |
彻底吃饱了的:appetite completely satisfied;充满…的,富于…的:possessing great numbers |
繁忙 |
|
hasty |
轻率的:superficial excessive or careless speed |
onerous |
费时间花心思的:requiring much time, effort |
taxing |
繁重的,费力的:requiring much time, effort |
方便 |
|
convenience |
便利,方便:fitness suitability |
费解 |
|
abstruse |
难以理解的:recondite |
conundrum |
无法解决的问题,迷:insoluble, dilemma |
convoluted |
复杂的,费解的:complicated |
enigma |
难以理解或解释的事物,谜:hard to understand |
esoteric |
深奥难懂的:difficult to understand;少数人知道的:not known by the general |
obscure |
含义模糊的:not clearly, veiled, uncertain meaning;平凡的,不知名的:famous;使模糊:indistinct |
opaque |
不透光的:impenetrable by light, neither transparent translucent;晦涩的:obscure |
profundity |
深奥,深刻:abstruse |
recondite |
深奥的,难解的:difficult to comprehend |
疯狂 |
|
delirium |
精神错乱;极度兴奋,发狂:mental disturbance confused |
distraught |
精神狂乱的,极疯狂的:agitated, insane |
fad |
(短暂的)流行,时尚:popular for a short time |
和谐 |
|
camaraderie |
友情:friendly |
concord |
一致,和睦:harmony, agreement |
console |
安慰,慰藉:alleviate, comfort |
harmonious |
和谐一致的:agreeably related |
incongruent |
不全等的;不一致的:not conforming |
mediate |
调解,调停:bring about an agreement |
mollify |
平息,抚慰,缓和:calm |
pacify |
使平静,安慰:ease the anger |
placate |
(通过让步以)平息抚慰:lessen the anger |
rapport |
和睦,友好:friendly relationship |
rapprochement |
和睦,友好:cordial relations |
reconcile |
使和解,协调:harmony |
solace |
安慰:comfort in sorrow;安慰,安抚:console |
soothe |
带来慰藉,安慰:bring comfort;使镇静,使安心:free from distress;弱化,缓解:less severe |
sop |
安慰物:placate or soothe;贿赂,回扣:improperly influence a person's conduct;浸湿,湿透:wet thoroughly |
attune |
使协调,使和谐:into harmony |
缓和 |
|
alleviate |
缓和,减轻:relieve, lessen |
assuage |
缓和,减轻:lessen, intensity; 平息,抚慰:pacify, calm; 使满足:satisfying |
defuse |
抚慰,减轻:make less tense |
disarm |
解除武装:reduce armed forces;使息怒,平息,抚慰:lessen;使无害:harmless |
mitigate |
减轻痛苦,使缓和:less severe |
palliate |
平息,减轻:less severe intense |
混乱 |
|
amorphous |
无固定形状的:definite, shapeless; 不可归类的:unclassifiable |
chaos |
混乱:disorder, confusion |
commotion |
骚乱:disturbance |
convulsion |
痉挛(强烈的、无法控制的肌肉收缩):involuntary contraction;骚乱:disturbance |
disarray |
混乱,无秩序:lack order;使混乱:undo order, arrangement |
disjointed |
机能失调的:out orderly function;不连贯的:not connected |
havoc |
大混乱:out of order;大范围破坏:nonexistent unsound or useless |
implacable |
固执的:sticking to an opinion;无法平息的:not capable of being appeased |
pandemonium |
喧嚣,骚动:noise |
rambunctious |
喧闹的,骚乱的:noisy |
turmoil |
骚动,混乱:agitation, commotion |
welter |
混乱,动乱:disorder |
混杂 |
|
commingle |
充分混合:blend |
medley |
大杂烩,混合物:mixture |
mingle |
mingle:social;混合,结合:mix |
pastiche |
(带嘲讽的)模仿:imitates with satirical intent;大杂烩:hodgepodge |
alloy |
合金;混合物:combing of two or more different things;掺杂,降低...的纯度:debase by the addition |
坚固 |
|
indurate |
铁石心肠的,冷酷无情的:a lack of sympathy;使变硬:physically firm;使习惯于(如艰苦或尴尬之境况):withstand physical hardship |
ironclad |
非常坚固的,坚不可摧的:unbreakable |
static |
静态的;停滞的:lack of movement;无改变的:little change |
stiff |
僵硬的,无法弯曲的:lacking suppleness;(在社交场合)缺乏优雅的,不自在的:lacking social grace;过分的,过高的:beyond limit;艰苦的,费力的:requiring effort |
substantial |
物质的:having substance;有重大意义的:considerable in importance |
间接 |
|
allude |
间接提到:indirectly |
backhanded |
间接的,含沙射影的,虚情假意的:indirect |
oblique |
斜的:inclined or twisted |
vicarious |
代理的,取代的:substitute for another |
紧急 |
紧急 |
exigent |
紧急的:immediate |
精确 |
|
nicety |
连结:connection;核心,最重要的地带:greatest importance |
sophisticated |
精明的,老于世故的:worldly knowledge or refinement;复杂的:complex |
困境 |
|
arduous |
难以做到的,费劲的:difficult |
discommode |
打扰,使不便:trouble |
disconcert |
使不安:disturb |
inferno |
大火:fire;地狱:resembles hell |
knotty |
多结的,复杂的,困难的:full of difficulties complications |
plight |
困境:unfortunate |
quandary |
困惑,窘境:perplexity, doubt |
strand |
绳,线之一股:single filament;遗弃,使置之困境:leave in a unfavorable place |
流行 |
|
pandemic |
大范围流行的:widespread |
prevail |
盛行,战胜:greater in strength |
prevalent |
流行的,普遍的:commonly accepted |
revive |
恢复意识:return to consciousness;再获新生:active again |
模糊 |
|
ambiguous |
有多种理解方式的,不确定的:more than one, doubt, uncertain |
blur |
(使)变得朦胧,(使)变得不清楚:vague; 使不易理解:unclear to the understanding |
imprecise |
不精确的:not precise |
nebulous |
模糊的:indistinct |
random |
随机的,随意的:lacking pattern |
vague |
表达不清的:not clearly expressed;轮廓不清晰的:lacking definite shape |
疲劳 |
|
enervate |
使衰弱:weaken;使麻木:deprive of emotional vitality |
exhaust |
耗尽:consume entirely, complete use of;筋疲力尽:wear out |
fatigue |
疲惫:weariness or exhaustion;(让人厌倦的)苦差事:causes weariness |
grueling |
费时间花心思的:requiring |
jaded |
疲惫的:depleted in strength;厌倦的,没兴趣没热情的:patience exhausted |
languid |
没精打采的,虚弱的:lacking energy |
languor |
懒惰:inertness;衰弱:weakness, weariness |
lassitude |
乏力,没精打采:diminished energy |
lethargic |
没精打采的,行动迟缓的:sluggish |
slouch |
懒人:lazy person;缓慢行走:move slowly |
贫穷 |
|
dearth |
供应不足:inadequate |
deficiency |
缺乏,不足:inadequate |
impecunious |
贫穷的:no money |
indigent |
贫穷的:lacking money |
meager |
贫乏的:deficient |
needy |
贫穷的:impoverished |
paucity |
少量,缺乏:dearth |
privation |
缺乏,穷困:lack |
scant |
不足的,缺乏的:scarcely |
want |
短缺:lacking;渴望:desire |
清晰 |
|
appreciable |
可感知的,明显的:perceptible |
clarity |
清晰,清楚:clear, lucidity; 清澈透明:easily seen through |
explicit |
表达清晰的:fully revealed or expressed;成熟的,完全形成的:fully developed |
limpid |
透明清澈的:transparent clearness;镇定的,淡定的:free from agitation |
manifest |
显然的,明显易懂:understanding;显现,显露:make evident |
palpable |
摸得到的:capable touched;明显的,易觉察的:obvious |
patent |
显而易见的,明显的:readily visible |
pellucid |
透明的:admitting light;清晰明确的,易懂的:clear |
生存 |
|
regimen |
(政治上的)统治:lawful control |
symbiosis |
共生关系:living together |
vitality |
活力,生命力:vigor |
适当 |
|
apposite |
相关的,合适的:pertinent, appropriate |
apropos |
相关的:relevant; 关于,有关:having to do with |
condign |
应得的,恰当的:deserved |
meet |
合适的:very proper |
opportune |
合适的,恰当的:convenient |
seemly |
得体的,遵守礼节的:following the established traditions |
behoove |
对...有利:necessary, proper, advantageous |
timely |
及时的,无拖延的:without delay;恰到好处的,合乎时宜的:appropriate |
死亡相关 |
|
inter |
埋葬:place in grave |
paradise |
天堂,极乐世界:perfection and happiness;快乐,狂喜:pleasurable emotion |
perish |
死亡,消亡:cease to exist |
succumb |
屈服:yield to superior strength;死亡:death |
随机 |
|
accidental |
意外发生的,偶然的:unexpectedly; 附带的,不重要的:not being a vital part |
adventitious |
外来的,后天的,非内在的:not inherent or innate |
gamble |
赌博,孤注一掷:bet;(使)受到威胁,冒险:in danger |
haphazard |
无秩序的,无目标的:lack of plan, order or direction |
backfire |
产生相反的结果,事与愿违:reverse |
弯曲 |
|
awry |
弯曲的,扭曲的:turned, twisted; 走样的(地),出差错的(地):off, course |
contort |
扭曲:twist |
crook |
使弯曲:away from a straight line |
detour |
偏离正常标准:away from standard;改变方向或者路线,绕道:change direction |
distort |
扭曲,歪曲:twist |
flexible |
灵活的,可变的:readily changed;易受影响的:susceptible to influence |
grimace |
因痛苦而面部扭曲,(作)怪相,(作)鬼脸:contortion pain, disgust or disapproval |
misrepresent |
误传,篡改:give misleading representation |
pliant |
易弯曲的:easily bent;顺从的:yielding |
serpentine |
弯曲的:winding |
tortuous |
转弯抹角的:indirect |
warp |
使偏向:turn;扭曲,变形:twist;曲解:alter the meaning |
危险 |
|
browbeat |
恐吓:intimidate |
cow |
恐吓,威胁:frighten |
portentous |
预兆性的,凶兆的:sign of evil;勾起兴趣的,令人遐想的:eliciting amazement |
precarious |
危险的,不稳定的:lacking security, stability;可疑的,不明确的:uncertain |
perilous |
危险的:potential loss or injury |
无理 |
|
gratuitous |
无根据的,无理由的:unwarranted;无报酬的,免费的:without return;多余的:not needed |
习惯 |
|
convention |
常规,习俗:agreement, acceptance;公约,协议:agreement;大会,集会:coming together |
inure |
使习惯接受不好的东西:accustom;使坚强:withstand physical hardship |
inveterate |
积习的:firmly established |
unwonted |
不习惯的,不寻常的:not habitual, ordinary, unusual |
相反 |
|
topsy-turvy |
混乱的:lacking in order |
topsy-turvy |
混乱的:lacking in order |
眩晕 |
|
stupor |
迟钝,麻痹,无知觉:suspended sense |
vertigo |
眩晕:dizzy |
严厉.严肃 |
|
demanding |
难以取悦的,难满足的:satisfied;费时间花心思的:requiring careful attention |
dour |
闷闷不乐的,死气沉沉的:gloomy;严厉的:harsh |
draconian |
极其残酷的,十分严厉的:harsh |
solemnity |
庄严,严肃:solemn |
摇摆不定 |
|
dodder |
蹒跚,颤巍巍地行进:progress unsteadily |
hesitance |
犹豫,不情愿:hesitant, reluctant |
oscillate |
振动,摇晃:swing;犹豫,变化:vary |
reluctant |
不情愿的,反感的:showing unwillingness |
rickety |
不稳的:lacking stability |
teeter |
蹒跚,不稳定地行走:unsteadily;犹豫不决:uncertainty |
vacillate |
犹豫不决:hesitate;摇动,摇摆:oscillate |
wobble |
摇晃,颤抖:move or proceed unsteadily;犹豫不决:show uncertainty |
hobble |
跛行,蹒跚而行:haltingly or with difficulty;阻碍,妨碍:hamper the action |
一致 |
|
accommodate |
提供所需(例如服务、借贷、寄宿):provide; 改变以适应新情况、新场景:make, suitable;使和谐:free of conflicts |
asymmetrical |
不平衡的,不对称的:no balance, symmetry |
commensurate |
同样大小的:equal; 相称的,相当的:proportionate |
congruent |
和谐一致的:in agreement;全等的:coinciding |
homogenize |
使统一化:make agree single established standard |
jibe |
意见一致:agree |
symmetry |
对称:balanced proportions |
equilibrium |
均势,平衡:opposing forces are equal;(感情上的)平静:evenness of emotions |
异常 |
|
aberrant |
adj.异常的,非常规的:deviating |
anomalous |
不普通的,不平常的:out, ordinary; 反常的,不正常的:departing |
eccentric |
行为出格的,不循规蹈矩的:deviating conventional |
exotic |
外来的,不同寻常的:unusual |
farce |
(带有嘲讽元素的)滑稽戏:broadly satirical comedy;闹剧:ridiculous |
grotesque |
难看的:unpleasant |
heterodox |
非正统的,异端的:unorthodox opinions |
offbeat |
不平常的:different from generally found |
outlandish |
古怪的,奇异的:out of the ordinary, bizarre |
vagary |
不可预测的思想或行为:erratic, unpredictable |
apparition |
鬼魂,幽灵:ghostly figure |
悠闲 |
|
amble |
漫步,闲逛:walk slowly, leisurely, stroll |
dawdle |
闲荡,虚度光阴:spend time idly;拖拖拉拉:slowly |
feckless |
无成果的,没有价值的:having no worth;粗心不负责任的:careless |
peripatetic |
巡游的,四处游历的:place to place |
ramble |
漫步,漫游:move aimlessly;漫谈,长篇大论(并经常离题)地说或写:without a topic |
saunter |
闲逛,漫步:by foot |
有理 |
|
incontrovertible |
无可争议的:not open to question |
merited |
应得的,理所应当的:what is called for |
plausible |
看似有理的:superficially reasonable |
unimpeachable |
无可置疑的:unquestionable |
justify |
证明...的合理性,为...辩解:prove to be just, right |
正常 |
|
demotic |
通俗的,大众化的:common |
orthodox |
传统的:established form, custom, or rules |
窒息 |
|
状态变化 |
|
变化 |
|
adapt |
修改,使(适应):modify |
ameliorate |
改善,改进:become better, improve |
budge |
(使)改变立场或态度:alter a position; 停止抵抗,屈服:cease resistance |
caprice |
一时冲动的决定:impulsive change; 反复无常,善变:change, impulsively |
distract |
转移(注意力),使分心:draw, direct different;使焦虑,使不安:trouble, uneasy;疯狂的:insane, mad |
diversity |
多样性:variety, multiformity;分歧,不同点:different |
erratic |
善变的:not constant;异常的,不同寻常的:different from the ordinary |
fickle |
易变的:likely to change;不忠诚的:not true in one’s allegiance |
fluctuate |
波动,无规则地变动:shift back and forth |
garble |
曲解,篡改,混淆(以至使无法理解):distort misleading;筛选,除杂:remove |
innovative |
创新性的:introducing innovations |
malleable |
可塑的:capable of being shaped;易控制的:capable of being controlled |
mercurial |
(情绪)善变的:changeableness of mood |
metamorphose |
(使)变形:change |
protean |
善变的;多才多艺的:diversity, variety, versatile |
recant |
撤回,放弃,改变:withdraw a statement |
revise |
更改,修正:improve |
tamper |
恶意篡改,损害:mischievously;玩弄:rashly or foolishly |
veer |
(使)转向,(使)改变航线:change direction |
vicissitude |
自然变化,变迁兴衰:natural change |
volatile |
多变的:rapid change |
whimsical |
反复无常的:sudden illogical changes |
改变 |
|
divert |
使转向:turn, deflect;使消遣:agreeably;使分心:draw something else |
remodel |
改造,改变结构:alter the structure |
renovate |
修复,维修:restore;使重获新生,使焕然一新:bring back to life |
swerve |
突然改变方向:turn aside abruptly |
恢复 |
|
reassure |
使安心,打消疑虑:restore to confidence |
rehabilitate |
使复原,使康复:restore to healthy condition;(使)洗心革面:better in character |
backslide |
(情况等)倒退,故态复萌:revert to a worse condition |
减少 |
|
abate |
减轻(程度或者强度):reduce,degree,intensity;减少(数量),降低(价值):reduce,amount,value |
abbreviate |
v.缩写,缩短:briefer |
abrade |
磨损,精神上的折磨:wear away, by friction |
abridge |
缩短,缩小:shorten;在不改变本意的条件下删减词语,缩写:shorten |
curtail |
缩短,削减:less in extent or duration |
debilitate |
使衰弱:impair strength |
diminish |
(使)变小,(使)减少:smaller, less;轻视,贬低:lessen, belittle |
dwindle |
逐渐减少:gradually less |
implode |
(使)剧烈收缩,(使)坍塌,(使)内爆:collapse inward |
languish |
变得衰弱:become feeble |
minimize |
将…减到最少:reduce to smallest;刻意低估:underestimate;表示鄙夷:scornfully low opinion |
muffle |
使消声:deaden the sound |
retard |
减速,延迟:cause slowly |
subdue |
使顺从;征服:conquer |
taper |
(使)逐渐变细:become narrower, thinner;逐渐减少,减弱:diminish gradually |
truncate |
截短,缩短(时间、篇幅等):shorten |
vitiate |
削弱,损害:reduce the value;(在道德、审美上)降低,堕落:debase in moral |
wane |
减少,衰退,降低:decrease |
物理形态改变 |
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attenuate |
降低(数量、力量、价值):lessen |
blunt |
使变钝:less sharp; 减弱(力度等):weaken in strength or feeling; 直率的:direct, brief |
mash |
面具,伪装:display insincere;伪装,掩饰:disguise |
prolong |
延长,拖延:lengthen |
protract |
延长,拖长:lengthen, prolong |
rarefy |
草率的,仓促的:lack caution |
stratify |
将...分成各种等级:divide into classes |
增加 |
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accrete |
逐渐增长:grow, gradually |
balloon |
迅速增加:increase |
wax |
月亮渐满:increase in phase of the moon;用蜡涂、处理或上光:coat;增大,增强:increase |
正向状态 |
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自由 |
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desultory |
无计划的,无目的的:lacking plan;令人失望的:disappointing |
discursive |
(谈话内容)杂乱的:without order |
footloose |
无拘无束的,自由的:having no attachments |
carefree |
无忧无虑的:no worries or troubles |
负向状态 |
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不幸 |
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apocalyptic |
预言的,启示的:prophetic; 重要的,转折点的:major turning |
bale |
痛苦,悲哀:sorrow |
catastrophe |
大灾难:tragedy; 彻底的失败:utter failure |
infelicitous |
不愉快的,不幸的:unfortunate;不恰当的,不合时宜的:not appropriate |
maelstrom |
漩涡:violent whirlpool;混乱、动荡的局势:turbulent |
misfortune |
不幸:bad fortune |
mishap |
不幸之事:unfortunate |
untoward |
倒霉的,不吉利的:not favorable, unpropitious;难以驯服的,难以驾驭的:resisting control or discipline |
adversity |
厄运,逆境:difficulty |
calamity |
大灾难:disastrous event |
乏味 |
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dreary |
单调乏味的:nothing cheer;令人不悦的:causing unhappiness |
drone |
低沉单调地说;嗡嗡地叫:talk monotonous;(昆虫振翅般)单调嗡嗡的声音:monotonous sound;混日子:doing nothing |
insipid |
(食品)清淡无味的:lacking favor;平淡的,无聊的:lacking interest |
monotonous |
(声音)单调的:unvarying tone;清一色的,无聊的:tediously unvarying |
prosaic |
单调的,常见的:normal course of events |
somnolence |
瞌睡,嗜睡:needing sleep |
stodgy |
平庸的,乏味的:dull;非常守旧的:old-fashioned |
vapid |
无趣的,乏味的:lacking interest |
humdrum |
千篇一律,单调:lack of variety;无聊的,乏味的:lacking excitement |
尴尬 |
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abash |
使尴尬,使羞愧:self-confidence,embarrass |
embarrass |
使尴尬:experience distress;阻挠,制造障碍:create difficulty |
coy |
故作羞涩的:flirtatiously shy or modest;不愿与人交往的,内向的:tending to avoid people |
枯燥 |
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ennui |
倦怠;缺乏兴趣:listlessness, lack of interest |
drab |
单调的,无聊的:dullness and monotony |
虚弱 |
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effete |
衰弱的,衰落的:depleted;缺乏信念的,懦弱的:lacking strength of will |
feeble |
衰弱的:lacking in strength |
infirm |
虚弱的:weak in body;不果断的,优柔寡断的:lacking firmness of will |
malaise |
不舒服:bodily discomfort |
阴郁 |
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dank |
阴湿的:wet |
solitude |
孤独,避世:being alone |
somber |
昏暗的,无光的:shaded;悲伤的,不愉快的:lacking in cheer |
wistful |
(带着忧伤而)渴望的,怀念的:yearning or desire with melancholy |