Android -- OkHttp的简单使用和封装

OkHttp的封装

由于是封装我们可以吧OKHttp和Gson给结合起来，那么我们在gradle文件添加以下的依赖

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compile "com.squareup.okhttp:okhttp:2.4.0" compile 'com.squareup.okio:okio:1.5.0' compile "com.google.code.gson:gson:2.8.0"

　　①CallBack的创建　　

　　首选我们知道，当接口请求成功或者失败的时候我们需要将这个信息通知给用户，那么我们就需要创建一个抽象类RequestCallBack，请求前、成功、失败、请求后这几个方法，创建OnBefore（）、OnAfter（）、OnError（）、OnResponse（）对应

　　

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/**  * 在请求之前的方法，一般用于加载框展示  *  * @param request  */ public void onBefore(Request request) { } /**  * 在请求之后的方法，一般用于加载框隐藏  */ public void onAfter() { } /**  * 请求失败的时候  *  * @param request  * @param e  */ public abstract void onError(Request request, Exception e); /**  *  * @param response  */ public abstract void onResponse(T response);

　由于我们每次想要的数据不一定，所以这里我们用来接收想要装成的数据格式，并通过反射得到想要的数据类型（一般是Bean、List）之类　，所以RequestCallBack的整体代码如下：

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package com.qianmo.httprequest.http; import com.google.gson.internal.$Gson$Types; import com.squareup.okhttp.Request; import java.lang.reflect.ParameterizedType; import java.lang.reflect.Type; /**  * Created by wangjitao on 15/10/16.  * 抽象类，用于请求成功后的回调  */ public abstract class ResultCallback {     //这是请求数据的返回类型，包含常见的（Bean，List等）     Type mType;     public ResultCallback() {         mType = getSuperclassTypeParameter(getClass());     }     /**      * 通过反射想要的返回类型      *      * @param subclass      * @return      */     static Type getSuperclassTypeParameter(Class subclass) {         Type superclass = subclass.getGenericSuperclass();         if (superclass instanceof Class) {             throw new RuntimeException("Missing type parameter.");         }         ParameterizedType parameterized = (ParameterizedType) superclass;         return $Gson$Types.canonicalize(parameterized.getActualTypeArguments()[0]);     }     /**      * 在请求之前的方法，一般用于加载框展示      *      * @param request      */     public void onBefore(Request request) {     }     /**      * 在请求之后的方法，一般用于加载框隐藏      */     public void onAfter() {     }     /**      * 请求失败的时候      *      * @param request      * @param e      */     public abstract void onError(Request request, Exception e);     /**      *      * @param response      */     public abstract void onResponse(T response); }

　　②对Get、Post方法的简单封装　

　　首先我们创建一个OkHttpClientManager类，由于是管理类，所以，单例加静态对象搞起

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private static OkHttpClientManager mInstance;  public static OkHttpClientManager getInstance() {        if (mInstance == null){            synchronized (OkHttpClientManager.class) {                if (mInstance == null) {                    mInstance = new OkHttpClientManager();                }            }        }        return mInstance;    }

　在创建Manager对象的时候我们要把OkHttp的一些参数配置一下，顺便一提一下，由于我们我们异步get、post方法是运行在子线程中，所以这里我们添加了分发的 Handler mDelivery;，重写的OkHttpClientManager构造方法如下：

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private OkHttpClientManager() {        mOkHttpClient = new OkHttpClient();        mOkHttpClient.setConnectTimeout(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);        mOkHttpClient.setWriteTimeout(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);        mOkHttpClient.setReadTimeout(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);        //cookie enabled        mOkHttpClient.setCookieHandler(new CookieManager(null, CookiePolicy.ACCEPT_ORIGINAL_SERVER));        mDelivery = new Handler(Looper.getMainLooper());        mGson = new Gson();    }

　　前面的外部调用对象封装好了，这里我们开始来封装Get或Post方法，我这里以Post方法为例子，首先分析一下，post方法会有几个参数，参数一url，参数二参数params，参数三Callback（及我们上面的RequestCallBack）参数四flag（用于取消请求操作，可为空），基础代码如下：

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/**         * 通用基础的异步的post请求         * @param url         * @param callback         * @param tag         */        public void postAsyn(String url, Param[] params, final ResultCallback callback, Object tag) {            Request request = buildPostFormRequest(url, params, tag);            deliveryResult(callback, request);        }

　　那么我们再看一下deliveryResult方法到底是干什么的

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/**     * 请求回调处理方法并传递返回值     * @param callback Map类型请求参数     * @param request Request请求     */    private void deliveryResult(ResultCallback callback, Request request) {        if (callback == null)            callback = DEFAULT_RESULT_CALLBACK;        final ResultCallback resCallBack = callback;        //UI thread        callback.onBefore(request);        mOkHttpClient.newCall(request).enqueue(new Callback() {            @Override            public void onFailure(final Request request, final IOException e) {                sendFailedStringCallback(request, e, resCallBack);            }            @Override            public void onResponse(final Response response) {                try {                    final String responseMessage=response.message();                    final String responseBody = response.body().string();                    if(response.code()==200){                        if (resCallBack.mType == String.class) {                            sendSuccessResultCallback(responseBody, resCallBack);                        } else {                            Object o = mGson.fromJson(responseBody, resCallBack.mType);                            sendSuccessResultCallback(o, resCallBack);                        }                    }else{                        Exception exception=new Exception(response.code()+":"+responseMessage);                        sendFailedStringCallback(response.request(), exception, resCallBack);                    }                } catch (IOException e) {                    sendFailedStringCallback(response.request(), e, resCallBack);                } catch (com.google.gson.JsonParseException e) {//Json解析的错误                    sendFailedStringCallback(response.request(), e, resCallBack);                }            }        });    }

　　可以看到，这个方法主要是发出请求并对请求后的数据开始回调，这样我们就基本上封装好了一个post方法了  ，把代码这一部分的代码贴出来看看

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public class OkHttpClientManager {     private static final String TAG = "com.qianmo.httprequest.http.OkHttpClientManager";     private static OkHttpClientManager mInstance;     //默认的请求回调类     private final ResultCallback DEFAULT_RESULT_CALLBACK = new ResultCallback(){         @Override         public void onError(Request request, Exception e) {}         @Override         public void onResponse(String response) {}     };     private OkHttpClient mOkHttpClient;     private Handler mDelivery;     private Gson mGson;     private GetDelegate mGetDelegate = new GetDelegate();     private PostDelegate mPostDelegate = new PostDelegate();     private DownloadDelegate mDownloadDelegate = new DownloadDelegate();     private OkHttpClientManager() {         mOkHttpClient = new OkHttpClient();         mOkHttpClient.setConnectTimeout(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);         mOkHttpClient.setWriteTimeout(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);         mOkHttpClient.setReadTimeout(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);         //cookie enabled         mOkHttpClient.setCookieHandler(new CookieManager(null, CookiePolicy.ACCEPT_ORIGINAL_SERVER));         mDelivery = new Handler(Looper.getMainLooper());         mGson = new Gson();     }     public static OkHttpClientManager getInstance() {         if (mInstance == null){             synchronized (OkHttpClientManager.class) {                 if (mInstance == null) {                     mInstance = new OkHttpClientManager();                 }             }         }         return mInstance;     }     /**      * 外部可调用的Post异步请求方法      * @param url 请求url      * @param params      * @param callback 请求完成后回调类      */     public static void postAsyn(String url, Map params, final ResultCallback callback) {         getInstance().getPostDelegate().postAsyn(url, params, callback, null);     }     /**          * 异步的post请求          * @param url          * @param params          * @param callback          * @param tag          */         public void postAsyn(String url, Map params, final ResultCallback callback, Object tag) {             Param[] paramsArr = map2Params(params);             postAsyn(url, paramsArr, callback, tag);         }     /**          * 通用基础的异步的post请求          * @param url          * @param callback          * @param tag          */         public void postAsyn(String url, Param[] params, final ResultCallback callback, Object tag) {             Request request = buildPostFormRequest(url, params, tag);             deliveryResult(callback, request);         }           /**      * 请求回调处理方法并传递返回值      * @param callback Map类型请求参数      * @param request Request请求      */     private void deliveryResult(ResultCallback callback, Request request) {         if (callback == null)             callback = DEFAULT_RESULT_CALLBACK;         final ResultCallback resCallBack = callback;         //UI thread         callback.onBefore(request);         mOkHttpClient.newCall(request).enqueue(new Callback() {             @Override             public void onFailure(final Request request, final IOException e) {                 sendFailedStringCallback(request, e, resCallBack);             }             @Override             public void onResponse(final Response response) {                 try {                     final String responseMessage=response.message();                     final String responseBody = response.body().string();                     if(response.code()==200){                         if (resCallBack.mType == String.class) {                             sendSuccessResultCallback(responseBody, resCallBack);                         } else {                             Object o = mGson.fromJson(responseBody, resCallBack.mType);                             sendSuccessResultCallback(o, resCallBack);                         }                     }else{                         Exception exception=new Exception(response.code()+":"+responseMessage);                         sendFailedStringCallback(response.request(), exception, resCallBack);                     }                 } catch (IOException e) {                     sendFailedStringCallback(response.request(), e, resCallBack);                 } catch (com.google.gson.JsonParseException e) {//Json解析的错误                     sendFailedStringCallback(response.request(), e, resCallBack);                 }             }         });     }      /**      * 处理请求成功的回调信息方法      * @param object 服务器响应信息      * @param callback 回调类      */     private void sendSuccessResultCallback(final Object object, final      ResultCallback callback) {         mDelivery.post(() -> {             callback.onResponse(object);             callback.onAfter();         });     } }

　　这样我们就把Post方法封装好了，同理Get方法，ok，现在我们可以来调用调用了，在调用之前我们可以对返回数据格式再来封装封装，一般我们后台返回的数据格式是类似如下：

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{  "code": 200,   "data": {},  "message": "登录成功" }

　而data中有可能是对象，也有可能是数组，所以我们用两个类来实现一下

　CommonResultBean

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package com.qianmo.httprequest.bean; /**  * 服务端返回通用接收实体  * Created by wangjitao on 15/10/30.  */ public class CommonResultBean {     private String code;     private T data;     private String message;     public String getCode() {         return code;     }     public void setCode(String code) {         this.code = code;     }     public T getData() {         return data;     }     public void setData(T data) {         this.data = data;     }     public String getMessage() {         return message;     }     public void setMessage(String message) {         this.message = message;     } }

　CommonResultListBean

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package com.qianmo.httprequest.bean; import java.util.List; /**  * 服务端返回带有List数据的通用接收实体  * Created by wangjitao on 15/12/1.  */ public class CommonResultListBean {     private String code;     private List data;     private String message;     public String getCode() {         return code;     }     public void setCode(String code) {         this.code = code;     }     public List getData() {         return data;     }     public void setData(List data) {         this.data = data;     }     public String getMessage() {         return message;     }     public void setMessage(String message) {         this.message = message;     } }

　　ok，现在还是以上面我们登录的接口为例子开始我们的方法调用，返回的数据格式如图所示

　　我们创建UserMenu.java类

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package com.qianmo.httprequest.bean; import java.util.List; /**  * Created by wangjitao on 2016/12/21 0021.  * E-Mail：[email protected]  * 用户菜单权限按钮  */ public class UserMenu {     /**      * last_login_time : 2016-12-21 15:40:28      * member_id : 1      * modules : []      * phone : 18900532225      * real_name : 超级管理员      * role : {"role_id":1,"role_name":"超级管理员"}      * username : superadmin      */     private String last_login_time;     private int member_id;     private String phone;     private String real_name;     /**      * role_id : 1      * role_name : 超级管理员      */     private RoleBean role;     private String username;     /**      * module_code : 100      * module_id : 1      * module_name : 首页      * pid : 0      * type : 1      * value : P_index      */     private List modules;     public String getLast_login_time() {         return last_login_time;     }     public void setLast_login_time(String last_login_time) {         this.last_login_time = last_login_time;     }     public int getMember_id() {         return member_id;     }     public void setMember_id(int member_id) {         this.member_id = member_id;     }     public String getPhone() {         return phone;     }     public void setPhone(String phone) {         this.phone = phone;     }     public String getReal_name() {         return real_name;     }     public void setReal_name(String real_name) {         this.real_name = real_name;     }     public RoleBean getRole() {         return role;     }     public void setRole(RoleBean role) {         this.role = role;     }     public String getUsername() {         return username;     }     public void setUsername(String username) {         this.username = username;     }     public List getModules() {         return modules;     }     public void setModules(List modules) {         this.modules = modules;     }     public static class RoleBean {         private int role_id;         private String role_name;         public int getRole_id() {             return role_id;         }         public void setRole_id(int role_id) {             this.role_id = role_id;         }         public String getRole_name() {             return role_name;         }         public void setRole_name(String role_name) {             this.role_name = role_name;         }     }     public static class ModulesBean {         private String module_code;         private int module_id;         private String module_name;         private int pid;         private int type;         private String value;         public String getModule_code() {             return module_code;         }         public void setModule_code(String module_code) {             this.module_code = module_code;         }         public int getModule_id() {             return module_id;         }         public void setModule_id(int module_id) {             this.module_id = module_id;         }         public String getModule_name() {             return module_name;         }         public void setModule_name(String module_name) {             this.module_name = module_name;         }         public int getPid() {             return pid;         }         public void setPid(int pid) {             this.pid = pid;         }         public int getType() {             return type;         }         public void setType(int type) {             this.type = type;         }         public String getValue() {             return value;         }         public void setValue(String value) {             this.value = value;         }     } }

　　所以MainActivity代码如下：

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package com.qianmo.httprequest; import android.os.Environment; import android.os.Handler; import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.util.Log; import android.view.View; import android.view.View.OnClickListener; import android.widget.Button; import android.widget.ProgressBar; import android.widget.TextView; import com.qianmo.httprequest.bean.CommonResultBean; import com.qianmo.httprequest.bean.UserMenu; import com.qianmo.httprequest.http.IRequestCallBack; import com.qianmo.httprequest.http.IRequestManager; import com.qianmo.httprequest.http.OkHttpClientManager; import com.qianmo.httprequest.http.RequestFactory; import com.qianmo.httprequest.http.ResultCallback; import com.squareup.okhttp.Call; import com.squareup.okhttp.Callback; import com.squareup.okhttp.FormEncodingBuilder; import com.squareup.okhttp.OkHttpClient; import com.squareup.okhttp.Request; import com.squareup.okhttp.RequestBody; import com.squareup.okhttp.Response; import java.io.File; import java.io.IOException; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.Map; public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements OnClickListener {     private Handler handler;     private TextView tv_message;     private Button btn_login;     private ProgressBar progressBar;     @Override     protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);         setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);         tv_message = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_message);         btn_login = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_login);         progressBar = (ProgressBar) findViewById(R.id.progressBar);         handler = new Handler();         btn_login.setOnClickListener(this);     }     @Override     public void onClick(View view) {         progressBar.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);         String url = "http://192.168.1.123:8081/api/login";         Map params = new HashMap();         params.put("username", "superadmin");         params.put("pwd", "ba3253876aed6bc22d4a6ff53d8406c6ad864195ed144ab5c87621b6c233b548baeae6956df346ec8c17f5ea10f35ee3cbc514797ed7ddd3145464e2a0bab413");         OkHttpClientManager.postAsyn(url, params,                 new ResultCallback>() {                     @Override                     public void onError(Request request, Exception e) {                     }                     @Override                     public void onResponse(CommonResultBean response) {                         if (response.getData() != null) {                             UserMenu userMenu = response.getData();                             tv_message.setText(userMenu.getReal_name());                             progressBar.setVisibility(View.GONE);                         }                     }                 });     } }

　　这样我们就可以简单的调用了，最后看一下我们的效果：

　See You Next Time···