Amazon Simple Storage Service(S3)在Android端的部署

Simple Storage Service(S3)

这个功能简单地可以理解成百度云盘,且提供了给文件打上关于Key,Value这样便于查找的功能,比如APP的用户数据(录音、小视频等等)就可以通过这个功能进行储存。



还有比较方便的一点是它可以通过各种方式进行访问,包括在网页上直接拖拽、Python、Android等方式都是可以的。本文就记录一下自己在Android平台上设置S3并上传文件的过程。

账号注册

需要选择国际版AWS(支持Amplify自动搭建操作),国内的版本虽然有S3但是搭建方式比较复杂。每个账户是可以免费试用一年的,需要有支持美元付款的信用卡。

开始

参考官方教程
https://aws-amplify.github.io/docs/android/start?ref=amplify-android-btn
首先安装Amplify,它可以理解成自动搭建的脚本(类似于Gradle?),通过简单的几个设置就能搭出所需要的功能。(下面的内容上述网址均有)
首先安装 Node.js®,然后打开cmd安装Amplify

$ npm install -g @aws-amplify/cli
$ amplify configure

这里的amplify configure主要涉及到账号登陆,并新建了一个Android工程专用的IAM账号,默认是具有Administrator权限的,后续如果APP需要发布的话,需要手动在IAM控制台中将其权限调整为所需的范围。
然后我们开始安卓工程相关的设置。

Android工程设置

跟着官方文档https://aws-amplify.github.io/docs/android/start?ref=amplify-android-btn一直做到Step 3
后面的Step 4的API是一个Demo功能,只用S3的话是不需要的。


关于project/build.gradle app/build.gradle等等gradle文件是怎么样的我最后会贴一个(后面还要加上S3的,这里暂时先不贴)。
amplify init的过程如图:

这个过程会在IAM账号(可以理解成大号的马甲,在https://console.aws.amazon.com/iam/home#/roles中查看)中增加两个和这个Project相关的账号。

Storage 设定/ Step 1 添加验证

先阅读官方文档 https://aws-amplify.github.io/docs/android/storage
首先要添加验证,参考https://aws-amplify.github.io/docs/android/authentication
这里简单起见,我们就直接使用匿名身份上传了。关于Authentication这一部分的内容在后续的博客会有提到。

amplify add auth


这里再amplify push一下,设置好本地和云端,就会发现Android工程里面的awsconfiguration.json变掉了,添加了和账户验证相关的一些信息,另外IAM页面里面又多了两个账号。

Storage 设定/ Step 2 添加Storage功能

amplify add storage


注意Guest用户也要选read/write
amplify push就会发现awsconfiguration.json里面多了和S3储存桶相关的一些信息,同时会自动新建一个S3储存桶。
(可在https://s3.console.aws.amazon.com/s3/home查看)

Storage 设定/ Step 3 Android程序编写

新建测试界面


app:build.gradle

apply plugin: 'com.android.application'

android {
    compileSdkVersion 28
    defaultConfig {
        applicationId "com.example.administrator.anothers3uploadtest"
        minSdkVersion 15
        targetSdkVersion 28
        versionCode 1
        versionName "1.0"
        testInstrumentationRunner "android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
    }
    buildTypes {
        release {
            minifyEnabled false
            proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
        }
    }
}

dependencies {
    //Base SDK
    implementation 'com.amazonaws:aws-android-sdk-core:2.12.+'
    //For AWSMobileClient only:
    implementation 'com.amazonaws:aws-android-sdk-mobile-client:2.12.+'
    //Storage
    implementation 'com.amazonaws:aws-android-sdk-s3:2.12.+'
    implementation ('com.amazonaws:aws-android-sdk-mobile-client:2.12.+@aar') { transitive = true }
    implementation ('com.amazonaws:aws-android-sdk-auth-userpools:2.12.+@aar') { transitive = true }

    implementation fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
    implementation 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:28.0.0'
    implementation 'com.android.support.constraint:constraint-layout:1.1.3'
    testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.12'
    androidTestImplementation 'com.android.support.test:runner:1.0.2'
    androidTestImplementation 'com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.0.2'
}

project:build.gradle

// Top-level build file where you can add configuration options common to all sub-projects/modules.

buildscript {
    
    repositories {
        google()
        jcenter()
    }
    dependencies {
        classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:3.1.1'
        //appsync
        classpath 'com.amazonaws:aws-android-sdk-appsync-gradle-plugin:2.7.+'

        // NOTE: Do not place your application dependencies here; they belong
        // in the individual module build.gradle files
    }
}

allprojects {
    repositories {
        google()
        jcenter()
    }
}

task clean(type: Delete) {
    delete rootProject.buildDir
}

MainActivity.java

package com.example.administrator.anothers3uploadtest;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView;

import com.amazonaws.mobile.client.AWSMobileClient;
import com.amazonaws.mobile.client.Callback;
import com.amazonaws.mobile.client.UserStateDetails;
import com.amazonaws.mobileconnectors.s3.transferutility.TransferListener;
import com.amazonaws.mobileconnectors.s3.transferutility.TransferObserver;
import com.amazonaws.mobileconnectors.s3.transferutility.TransferService;
import com.amazonaws.mobileconnectors.s3.transferutility.TransferState;
import com.amazonaws.mobileconnectors.s3.transferutility.TransferUtility;
import com.amazonaws.services.s3.AmazonS3Client;

import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        AWSMobileClient.getInstance().initialize(getApplicationContext(), new Callback() {
            @Override
            public void onResult(UserStateDetails userStateDetails) {
                switch (userStateDetails.getUserState()){
                    case SIGNED_IN:
                        runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
                            @Override
                            public void run() {
                                TextView textView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.text);
                                textView.setText("Logged IN");
                            }
                        });
                        break;
                    case SIGNED_OUT:
                        runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
                            @Override
                            public void run() {
                                TextView textView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.text);
                                textView.setText("Logged OUT");
                            }
                        });
                        break;
                    default:
                        AWSMobileClient.getInstance().signOut();
                        break;
                }
            }

            @Override
            public void onError(Exception e) {
                Log.e("INIT", e.toString());
            }
        });
        getApplicationContext().startService(new Intent(getApplicationContext(), TransferService.class));
        ((Button)findViewById(R.id.save_button)).setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                saveToFile(String.valueOf(((TextView)findViewById(R.id.inputText)).getText()));
            }
        });
        ((Button)findViewById(R.id.upLoadButton)).setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                uploadWithTransferUtility();
            }
        });
    }

    public void saveToFile(String inputText){
        FileOutputStream out=null;
        BufferedWriter writer = null;
        try{
            out = openFileOutput("data.txt", Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
            writer = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(out));
            writer.write(inputText);
        }catch (IOException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally {
            {
                try{
                    if(writer!=null)
                        writer.close();
                }catch (IOException e){
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }

    }
    public void uploadWithTransferUtility() {

        TransferUtility transferUtility =
                TransferUtility.builder()
                        .context(getApplicationContext())
                        .awsConfiguration(AWSMobileClient.getInstance().getConfiguration())
                        .s3Client(new AmazonS3Client(AWSMobileClient.getInstance()))
                        .build();

        TransferObserver uploadObserver =
                transferUtility.upload(
                        "data.txt",
                        new File(getFilesDir()+"/data.txt"));

        // Attach a listener to the observer to get state update and progress notifications
        uploadObserver.setTransferListener(new TransferListener() {

            @Override
            public void onStateChanged(int id, TransferState state) {
                if (TransferState.COMPLETED == state) {
                    // Handle a completed upload.
                }
            }

            @Override
            public void onProgressChanged(int id, long bytesCurrent, long bytesTotal) {
                float percentDonef = ((float) bytesCurrent / (float) bytesTotal) * 100;
                int percentDone = (int)percentDonef;

                Log.d("YourActivity", "ID:" + id + " bytesCurrent: " + bytesCurrent
                        + " bytesTotal: " + bytesTotal + " " + percentDone + "%");
            }

            @Override
            public void onError(int id, final Exception ex) {
                // Handle errors
                runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        TextView textView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.text);
                        textView.setText("Error"+ex);
                    }
                });
            }

        });

        // If you prefer to poll for the data, instead of attaching a
        // listener, check for the state and progress in the observer.
        if (TransferState.COMPLETED == uploadObserver.getState()) {
            // Handle a completed upload.
        }

        Log.d("YourActivity", "Bytes Transferred: " + uploadObserver.getBytesTransferred());
        Log.d("YourActivity", "Bytes Total: " + uploadObserver.getBytesTotal());
    }
}

这里会报错权限问题,我找了很久问题在哪…

com.amazonaws.services.s3.model.AmazonS3Exception: Access Denied (Service: Amazon S3; Status Code: 403; Error Code: AccessDenied; Request ID: *********************), S3 Extended Request ID: ********************************************************************************************************************

这里我参考了https://github.com/awslabs/aws-sdk-android-samples/tree/master/S3TransferUtilitySample
发现是可以手动配置的,我就是在手动配置之后偶然发现居然成功了?
最后发现原来是自动配置的Unauthorized Role的权限仍然不足,需要手动加上S3完全的权限。


对比一下权限(上面的是手动添加的,下面的是自动生成的):



不过并不知道自动生成的为什么有写入权限还是写不进去……

后续

发现是自己文档读的不到位,漏掉了下面这一个关键的地方:


需要注意IAM账号和上图中的users是不一样的,我们需要手动打开储存同的Public权限,如下图:

然后上传的Key也要设置成对应的public

Storage 设定/ Step 4 成果预览

手机上按下保存字符串然后上传,最后就能在其对应的储存桶里面看到对应的data.txt了。

TODO

这个Project本意是用来采集一些样本用来做机器学习训练集的,因此只需要匿名上传功能,因此只关注到了未授权的匿名操作,想要拓展的话后续会看一下使用账号的上传方式。

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