k8s(Kubernetes)快速部署捷径(4)-Kubernetes 安装及部署

【目录】
(1)k8s快速介绍
(2)硬件虚拟机环境Ubuntu18.10-server安装
(3)Docker-CE安装及配置
(4)Kubernetes 安装及部署
(5)创建企业Kubernetes多主机集群环境
(6)Kubernetes集群mysql应用实例
(7)Kubernetes集群tomcat应用集群实例
(8)Kubernetes集群beego新闻发布web系统集群实例
【资源下载】
完整教程markdown下载 提取码: 92hy
kubernetes(k8s)2小时快速部署教程视频 提取码:dk4i
kubernetes-Master-Node虚拟机完整镜像文件 提取码: 2wf8
课程相关其他相关安装包及镜像 提取码: nkfj

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四、Kubernetes 安装及部署

4.1 k8s安装环境准备

4.1.1 配置并安装k8s国内源

1. 创建配置文件sudo touch /etc/apt/sources.list.d/kubernetes.list

2. 添加写权限

   itcast@master:~$ sudo chmod 666 /etc/apt/sources.list.d/kubernetes.list 
   

   再添加，内容如下:

   deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/kubernetes/apt kubernetes-xenial main
   

3. 执行sudo apt update 更新操作系统源，开始会遇见如下错误

tcast@master:~$ sudo apt update
Get:1 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/kubernetes/apt kubernetes-xenial InRelease [8,993 B]
Err:1 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/kubernetes/apt kubernetes-xenial InRelease    
  The following signatures couldn't be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY 6A030B21BA07F4FB
Hit:2 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu cosmic InRelease                        
Hit:3 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu cosmic-updates InRelease                
Hit:4 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu cosmic-backports InRelease              
Hit:5 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu cosmic-security InRelease               
Err:6 https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu cosmic InRelease      
  Could not wait for server fd - select (11: Resource temporarily unavailable) [IP: 202.141.176.110 443]
Reading package lists... Done                          
W: GPG error: http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/kubernetes/apt kubernetes-xenial InRelease: The following signatures couldn't be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY 6A030B21BA07F4FB
E: The repository 'http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/kubernetes/apt kubernetes-xenial InRelease' is not signed.
N: Updating from such a repository can't be done securely, and is therefore disabled by default.
N: See apt-secure(8) manpage for repository creation and user configuration details.

其中：

The following signatures couldn't be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY 6A030B21BA07F4FB

签名认证失败，需要重新生成。记住上面的NO_PUBKEY 6A030B21BA07F4FB

4. 添加认证key

   运行如下命令，添加错误中对应的key(错误中NO_PUBKEY后面的key的后8位)

   gpg --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys BA07F4FB
   

   接着运行如下命令，确认看到OK，说明成功，之后进行安装:

   gpg --export --armor BA07F4FB | sudo apt-key add -
   

5. 再次重新sudo apt update更新系统下载源数据列表

itcast@master:~$ sudo apt update
Hit:1 https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu cosmic InRelease                  
Hit:2 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu cosmic InRelease                                    
Hit:3 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu cosmic-updates InRelease                            
Hit:4 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu cosmic-backports InRelease                          
Hit:5 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu cosmic-security InRelease                           
Get:6 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/kubernetes/apt kubernetes-xenial InRelease [8,993 B]      
Ign:7 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/kubernetes/apt kubernetes-xenial/main amd64 Packages
Get:7 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/kubernetes/apt kubernetes-xenial/main amd64 Packages [26.6 kB]
Fetched 26.6 kB in 42s (635 B/s)    
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
165 packages can be upgraded. Run 'apt list --upgradable' to see them.

以上没有报和错误异常，表示成功。

4.1.2 禁止基础设施

1. 禁止防火墙

   $ sudo ufw disable
   Firewall stopped and disabled on system startup
   

2. 关闭swap

   # 成功
   $ sudo swapoff -a 
   # 永久关闭swap分区
   $ sudo sed -i 's/.*swap.*/#&/' /etc/fstab
   

3. 禁止selinux

# 安装操控selinux的命令
$ sudo apt install -y selinux-utils
# 禁止selinux
$ setenforce 0
# 重启操作系统
$ shutdown -r now
# 查看selinux是否已经关闭
$ sudo getenforce
Disabled(表示已经关闭)

4.2 k8s系统网络配置

(1) 配置内核参数，将桥接的IPv4流量传递到iptables的链

创建/etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf文件

添加内容如下:

net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
vm.swappiness = 0

(2) 执行命令使修改生效

# 【候选】建议执行下面的命令
$ sudo modprobe br_netfilter
$ sudo sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf

4.3 安装k8s

注意: 切换到root用户 $ su

1. 安装Kubernetes 目前安装版本 v1.13.1

   $ apt update && apt-get install -y kubelet=1.13.1-00 kubernetes-cni=0.6.0-00 kubeadm=1.13.1-00 kubectl=1.13.1-00
   

2. 设置为开机重启

   $ sudo systemctl enable kubelet && systemctl start kubelet
   $ sudo shutdown -r now
   

4.4 验证k8s

1. 使用root用户登录Master主机

2. 执行如下个命令

   kubectl get nodes 
   

输出如下

   $ kubectl get nodes
   The connection to the server localhost:8080 was refused - did you specify the right host or port?

3. 查看当前k8s版本

   $ kubectl version
   

Client Version: version.Info{Major:"1", Minor:"13", GitVersion:"v1.13.1", GitCommit:"eec55b9ba98609a46fee712359c7b5b365bdd920", GitTreeState:"clean", BuildDate:"2018-12-13T10:39:04Z", GoVersion:"go1.11.2", Compiler:"gc", Platform:"linux/amd64"}
The connection to the server localhost:8080 was refused - did you specify the right host or port?

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关于作者：

作者：Aceld(刘丹冰)

号：IT无崖子

mail: [email protected]

github: https://github.com/aceld

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