九、Android近场通信(NFC)

Android近场通信(NFC)

  • 前言
  • 项目目录
  • 1.NFC
    • (1)权限
    • (2)代码MainActivity、activity_main
    • (3)NFC设备
  • 2.AndroidManifest.xml


前言

‍‍记录学习成果,以便温故而知新

项目目录

共3个有效文件
九、Android近场通信(NFC)_第1张图片

1.NFC

效果很简单,一个TextView用来显示NFC读取内容
九、Android近场通信(NFC)_第2张图片

(1)权限

NFC权限

    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.NFC" />
    <uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.nfc" android:required="true" />

(2)代码MainActivity、activity_main

NFC读取的内容是字节数据,需要函数转成字符串

package cn.fy.nfc;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.app.PendingIntent;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.IntentFilter;
import android.nfc.NfcAdapter;
import android.nfc.Tag;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.widget.Toast;

import cn.fy.nfc.databinding.ActivityMainBinding;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private ActivityMainBinding binding;

    private NfcAdapter nfcAdapter;
    private PendingIntent pIntent;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        //setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        binding = ActivityMainBinding.inflate(getLayoutInflater());
        setContentView(binding.getRoot());

        initNfc();
        Log.i(getClass().getName(), "onCreate");
    }

    @Override
    protected void onStop() {
        super.onStop();
        Log.i(getClass().getName(), "onStop");
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        Log.i(getClass().getName(), "onDestroy");
    }

    /**
     * 初始化
     */
    private void initNfc(){
        nfcAdapter = NfcAdapter.getDefaultAdapter(this);
        pIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0,
                //在Manifest里或者这里设置当前activity启动模式,否则每次向阳NFC事件,activity会重复创建
                // 当然也要按照具体情况来,你设置成singleTask也不是不行,
                new Intent(this, getClass()).addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_SINGLE_TOP),
                0);
        if (nfcAdapter == null) {
            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "nfc is not available", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected void onNewIntent(Intent intent) {
        super.onNewIntent(intent);
        //这里必须setIntent,set  NFC事件响应后的intent才能拿到数据
        setIntent(intent);
        Log.i(getClass().getName(), "onNewIntent");
        Tag tag = getIntent().getParcelableExtra(NfcAdapter.EXTRA_TAG);

        //TODO 获取数据进行下一步处理

        Log.i(getClass().getName(), bytesToHex(tag.getId()));
        binding.txtNfcContent.setText(bytesToHex(tag.getId()));
    }

    @Override
    protected void onResume() {
        super.onResume();
        Log.i(getClass().getName(), "onResume");
        if (nfcAdapter != null) {
            //添加intent-filter
            IntentFilter ndef = new IntentFilter(NfcAdapter.ACTION_NDEF_DISCOVERED);
            IntentFilter tag = new IntentFilter(NfcAdapter.ACTION_TAG_DISCOVERED);
            IntentFilter tech = new IntentFilter(NfcAdapter.ACTION_TECH_DISCOVERED);
            IntentFilter[] filters = new IntentFilter[]{ndef, tag, tech};

            //添加 ACTION_TECH_DISCOVERED 情况下所能读取的NFC格式
            String[][] techList = new String[][]{
                    new String[]{
                            "android.nfc.tech.Ndef",
                            "android.nfc.tech.NfcA",
                            "android.nfc.tech.NfcB",
                            "android.nfc.tech.NfcF",
                            "android.nfc.tech.NfcV",
                            "android.nfc.tech.NdefFormatable",
                            "android.nfc.tech.MifareClassic",
                            "android.nfc.tech.MifareUltralight",
                            "android.nfc.tech.NfcBarcode"
                    }
            };
            nfcAdapter.enableForegroundDispatch(this, pIntent, filters, techList);
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected void onPause() {
        super.onPause();
        Log.i(getClass().getName(), "onPause");
        if (nfcAdapter != null) {
            nfcAdapter.disableForegroundDispatch(this);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 2进制to 16进制
     * @param src
     * @return
     */
    private static String bytesToHex(byte[] src){
        StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
        if (src == null || src.length <= 0) {
            return null;
        }
        String sTemp;
        for (int i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
            sTemp = Integer.toHexString(0xFF & src[i]);
            if (sTemp.length() < 2){
                sb.append(0);
            }
            sb.append(sTemp.toUpperCase());
        }
        return sb.toString();
    }
}

<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/txt_nfc_content"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginStart="60dp"
        android:layout_marginTop="20dp"
        android:layout_marginEnd="60dp"
        android:height="80dp"
        android:hint="NFC读取内容"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />
androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>

(3)NFC设备

Redmi K40开启NFC功能,测试NFC卡能读取内容,能够成功读取。
重点强调一下:手机支持NFC,功能要开启,权限要设置,卡片要支持,在此前提下测试

2.AndroidManifest.xml

uses-feature用于指定android程序,是否需要某种硬件或软件资源/功能:
android:required=“true” :表示需要设备具有某个功能;
android:required=“false” :表示希望设备,最好具有某个功能
如果不指定,默认为true


<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">

    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.NFC" />
    <uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.nfc" android:required="true" />

    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/Theme.AppCode">
        <activity
            android:name=".MainActivity"
            android:exported="true">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            intent-filter>

            <meta-data
                android:name="android.app.lib_name"
                android:value="" />
        activity>
    application>

manifest>

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