一. 分类：
1. 陈述句：用来陈述事实的句子，主语，谓语成分完整；包含肯定句和否定句；
(1)肯定句：表达肯定意义的陈述句；
e.g. Tom likes apples.
He listens carefully.
(2)否定句：表达否定意义的陈述句。
e.g. Tom isn’t a student.
He can’t speak English.
2. 疑问句：用来进行提问的句子；包括一般疑问句，特殊疑问句，选择疑问句和反义疑问句等；
(1)一般疑问句：助动词提到句首的问句，只有肯定和否定回答；
e.g. Do you like basketball? ----------Yes, I do./ No, I don’t.
Can you speak Chinese? -----------Yes, I can./ No, I can’t.
Has Tom studied English for several years?--------Yes, hehas./No, he hasn’t.
(2)特殊疑问句：用来询问时间，地点，原因，人物，事件等的句子；由特殊疑问词+一般疑问句构成；不能用yes或no来回答；
e.g.What do you want to be?
Where did Tom go?
What time do you usually get up?
Who is he?
(3)选择疑问句：需要进行选择性回答的问句；构成和一般疑问句相似，但含有or(选择)这个词；不能用yes或者no来回答；遵循“前肯后否，前否后肯”的原则；
e.g. Do you like tea or milk? ----------Milk./Tea. /Both. /Either. / Neither…
(4)反义疑问句：用来进行反问的句子；由一个陈述句+问句构成；可用yes或者no来回答；
①含有be动词的反义疑问句；
e.g. Tom is a doctor, isn’t he?
They are friends, aren’t they?
This is a pen, isn’t it?
Everything goes well, doesn’t it?
There is a book on the table, isn’t there。
They aren’t friendly, are they?
②含有实义动词的反义疑问句；
e.g. You like apples, don’t you?
She plays the piano well, doesn’t she?
We have stayed here for an hour, haven’t we?
Tom hasn’t gone to Beijing, has he?
③含有情态动词的反义疑问句；
e.g.Every student can sing the song, can’t he?
Tom need stay at home, needn’t he?
Tom mustn’t say a word, must he?
I must hand in my homework on time, needn’t I?
④Let’s(包括说话者) 和let us（不包括说话者）句型中的反义疑问句；含有let’s的反义疑问句，需用shall we;含有let us的反义疑问句需用will you;
e.g.Let’s go to school together, shall we?
Let us do our homework, will you?
⑤含有believe, think等词的句子的反义疑问句，需对宾语从句进行反问，并且注意否定转移：
e.g. I don’t think you are right, are you?
Tom believes that his best friend did the thing, didn’t he?
3. 祈使句：
(1)定义：用来表达请求，命令，劝告，警告，禁止等的句子；以动词原形开头，否定形式在句首加don’t;隐含主语为you;
e.g. Go and wash your hands.
Watch your steps.
Be kind to your sister.
⑵结构：
①Do型：
肯定结构；动词原型+其它成分
否定结构：Don’t+肯定结构
e.g. Eat in the classroom.
Don’t eat in the classroom.
②Be型：
肯定结构：Be +表语+其它成分
否定结构：Don’t+肯定结构
e.g. Be a good student!
Don’t be late for school!
③Let型：
肯定结构：Let+宾语+动词原形+其它成分
否定结构：Don’t+肯定结构
Let+宾语+not+动词原形+其它成分
e.g. Let him go.
Don’t let him go.
Let him not go.