整体架构

1639193639164.png

单Master服务器规划

角色	IP	组件
k8s-m1	192.168.153.25	kube-apiserver，kube-controller-manager，kube-scheduler，etcd，kubelet，kube-proxy，docker
k8s-node1	192.168.153.26	kubelet，kube-proxy，docker

系统初始化设置

#设置主机名：
[root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname k8s-m1
[root@localhost ~]# bash

#关闭防火墙
[root@k8s-m1 ~]# systemctl stop firewalld 
[root@k8s-m1 ~]# systemctl disable firewalld  

# 关闭selinux 
# 永久 
[root@k8s-m1 ~]# sed -i 's/enforcing/disabled/' /etc/selinux/config 
# 临时 
[root@k8s-m1 ~]# setenforce 0 
#重启后
[root@k8s-m1 ~]# getenforce
Disabled


#关闭swap：
#临时
[root@k8s-m1 ~]# swapoff -a
#永久
[root@k8s-m1 ~]# vi /etc/fstab 
#UUID=ff5b128d-f66c-40a5-86d7-ce69d2c0da61 swap  swap    defaults        0 0

# 在master添加hosts 
[root@k8s-m1 ~]# cat >> /etc/hosts << EOF
192.168.153.25 k8s-m1
192.168.153.26 k8s-node1
192.168.153.27 k8s-m2
EOF


#将桥接的IPv4流量传递到iptables的链：
[root@k8s-m1 ~]# cat > /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf << EOF
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
EOF
#执行生效
[root@k8s-m1 ~]# sysctl --system

--遇到问题
sysctl --system并未出现相关配置
使用sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf，报错：
sysctl: cannot stat /proc/sys/net/bridge/bridge-nf-call-ip6tables: 没有那个文件或目录
sysctl: cannot stat /proc/sys/net/bridge/bridge-nf-call-iptables: 没有那个文件或目录
--解决问题
[root@k8s-m1 ~]# modprobe br_netfilter
--然后重新执行
[root@k8s-m1 ~]# sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1

# 时间同步 
[root@k8s-m1 ~]# yum install ntpdate -y 
[root@k8s-m1 ~]# ntpdate time.windows.com

#开机时同步时间
[root@k8s-m1 ~]# vi /usr/lib/systemd/system/updatetime.service
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
[Unit]
Description=updatetime
[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/sbin/ntpdate time.windows.com
ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP $MAINPID
KillMode=process
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
[root@k8s-m1 ~]# systemctl start updatetime
[root@k8s-m1 ~]# systemctl enable updatetime

#看日志：journalctl -u updatetime
        cat /var/log/messages |grep updatetime

部署Etcd集群

规划

节点名称	IP
etcd-1	192.168.153.25
etcd-2	192.168.153.26
etcd-3	192.168.153.27

准备cfssl证书生成工具

[root@k8s-m1 tls]# cp -rf cfssl cfssl-certinfo cfssljson /usr/local/bin
[root@k8s-m1 tls]# chmod +x /usr/local/bin/cfssl*

生成Etcd证书

自签证书颁发机构（CA）

[root@k8s-m1 tls]# mkdir -p ~/TLS/{etcd,k8s}
[root@k8s-m1 ~]# cd ~/TLS/etcd


cat > ca-config.json << EOF
{
  "signing": {
    "default": {
      "expiry": "87600h"
    },
    "profiles": {
      "www": {
         "expiry": "87600h",
         "usages": [
            "signing",
            "key encipherment",
            "server auth",
            "client auth"
        ]
      }
    }
  }
}
EOF

cat > ca-csr.json << EOF
{
    "CN": "etcd CA",
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "Beijing",
            "ST": "Beijing"
        }
    ]
}
EOF


#生成证书：
[root@k8s-m1 etcd]# cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca -

#会生成ca.pem和ca-key.pem文件
[root@k8s-m1 etcd]# ls
ca-config.json  ca.csr  ca-csr.json  ca-key.pem  ca.pem

使用自签CA签发Etcd HTTPS证书

#创建证书申请文件

cat > server-csr.json << EOF
{
    "CN": "etcd",
    "hosts": [
    "192.168.153.25",
    "192.168.153.26",
    "192.168.153.27"
    ],
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "BeiJing",
            "ST": "BeiJing"
        }
    ]
}
EOF


[root@k8s-m1 etcd]# cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=www server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare server

#会生成 server-key.pem  server.pem

部署Etcd集群

创建工作目录并解压二进制包

[root@k8s-m1 ~]# mkdir /opt/etcd/{bin,cfg,ssl} -p
[root@k8s-m1 ~]# tar zxvf etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64.tar.gz
[root@k8s-m1 ~]# mv etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64/{etcd,etcdctl} /opt/etcd/bin/

创建etcd配置文件

cat > /opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf << EOF
#[Member]
ETCD_NAME="etcd-1"
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.153.25:2380"
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.153.25:2379"

#[Clustering]
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.153.25:2380"
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.153.25:2379"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd-1=https://192.168.153.25:2380,etcd-2=https://192.168.153.26:2380,etcd-3=https://192.168.153.27:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"
EOF

-------------------------------------------------------------
•   ETCD_NAME：节点名称，集群中唯一
•   ETCD_DATA_DIR：数据目录
•   ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS：集群通信监听地址
•   ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS：客户端访问监听地址
•   ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEERURLS：集群通告地址
•   ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS：客户端通告地址
•   ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER：集群节点地址
•   ETCD_INITIALCLUSTER_TOKEN：集群Token
•   ETCD_INITIALCLUSTER_STATE：加入集群的当前状态，new是新集群，existing表示加入已有集群

systemd管理etcd

cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Etcd Server
After=network.target
After=network-online.target
Wants=network-online.target

[Service]
Type=notify
EnvironmentFile=/opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf
ExecStart=/opt/etcd/bin/etcd \
--cert-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \
--key-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \
--peer-cert-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \
--peer-key-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \
--trusted-ca-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \
--peer-trusted-ca-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \
--logger=zap
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

拷贝刚才生成的证书

[root@k8s-m1 bin]# cp ~/TLS/etcd/ca*pem ~/TLS/etcd/server*pem /opt/etcd/ssl/
 
ca-key.pem  ca.pem  server-key.pem  server.pem

将上面节点1所有生成的文件拷贝到节点2和节点3

[root@k8s-m1 ~]# scp -r /opt/etcd/ [email protected]:/opt/
[root@k8s-m1 ~]# scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service [email protected]:/usr/lib/systemd/system/

[root@k8s-m1 ~]# scp -r /opt/etcd/ [email protected]:/opt/
[root@k8s-m1 ~]# scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service [email protected]:/usr/lib/systemd/system/

在节点2和节点3分别修改etcd.conf配置文件

# vi /opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf

#[Member]
ETCD_NAME="etcd-2"
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.153.26:2380"
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.153.26:2379"

#[Clustering]
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.153.26:2380"
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.153.26:2379"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd-1=https://192.168.153.25:2380,etcd-2=https://192.168.153.26:2380,etcd-3=https://192.168.153.27:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"


#[Member]
ETCD_NAME="etcd-3"
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.153.27:2380"
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.153.27:2379"

#[Clustering]
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.153.27:2380"
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.153.27:2379"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd-1=https://192.168.153.25:2380,etcd-2=https://192.168.153.26:2380,etcd-3=https://192.168.153.27:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"

启动并设置开机启动[所有节点]

[root@k8s-m1 ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@k8s-m1 ~]# systemctl start etcd
[root@k8s-m1 ~]# systemctl enable etcd

查看集群状态

[root@k8s-m1 ~]# ETCDCTL_API=3 /opt/etcd/bin/etcdctl --cacert=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem --cert=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem --key=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem --endpoints="https://192.168.153.25:2379,https://192.168.153.26:2379,https://192.168.153.27:2379" endpoint health --write-out=table
+-----------------------------+--------+-------------+-------+
|          ENDPOINT           | HEALTH |    TOOK     | ERROR |
+-----------------------------+--------+-------------+-------+
| https://192.168.153.27:2379 |   true | 16.155174ms |       |
| https://192.168.153.25:2379 |   true | 16.894839ms |       |
| https://192.168.153.26:2379 |   true | 17.295779ms |       |
+-----------------------------+--------+-------------+-------+

查看日志

如果有问题第一步先看日志：/var/log/message 或 journalctl -u etcd

安装Docker

解压二进制包

[root@k8s-m1 ~]# tar zxvf docker-19.03.9.tgz
[root@k8s-m1 ~]# mv docker/* /usr/bin

systemd管理docker

cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Docker Application Container Engine
Documentation=https://docs.docker.com
After=network-online.target firewalld.service
Wants=network-online.target

[Service]
Type=notify
ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd
ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID
LimitNOFILE=infinity
LimitNPROC=infinity
LimitCORE=infinity
TimeoutStartSec=0
Delegate=yes
KillMode=process
Restart=on-failure
StartLimitBurst=3
StartLimitInterval=60s

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

创建配置文件

[root@k8s-m1 ~]# mkdir /etc/docker

[root@k8s-m1 ~]# vi /etc/docker/daemon.json
{
  "registry-mirrors": ["https://b9pmyelo.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
}

•   registry-mirrors 阿里云镜像加速器

启动并设置开机启动

[root@k8s-m1 ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@k8s-m1 ~]# systemctl start docker
[root@k8s-m1 ~]# systemctl enable docker

部署Master

生成kube-apiserver证书

自签证书颁发机构（CA）

[root@k8s-m1 ~]# cd ~/TLS/k8s

cat > ca-config.json << EOF
{
  "signing": {
    "default": {
      "expiry": "87600h"
    },
    "profiles": {
      "kubernetes": {
         "expiry": "87600h",
         "usages": [
            "signing",
            "key encipherment",
            "server auth",
            "client auth"
        ]
      }
    }
  }
}
EOF


cat > ca-csr.json << EOF
{
    "CN": "kubernetes",
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "Beijing",
            "ST": "Beijing",
            "O": "k8s",
            "OU": "System"
        }
    ]
}
EOF

#生成证书，会生成ca.pem和ca-key.pem文件
[root@k8s-m1 k8s]# cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca -

使用自签CA签发kube-apiserver HTTPS证书

cat > server-csr.json << EOF
{
    "CN": "kubernetes",
    "hosts": [
      "10.0.0.1",
      "127.0.0.1",
      "kubernetes",
      "kubernetes.default",
      "kubernetes.default.svc",
      "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster",
      "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local",
      "192.168.153.16",
      "192.168.153.17",
      "192.168.153.18",
      "192.168.153.19",
      "192.168.153.20",
      "192.168.153.21",
      "192.168.153.22",
      "192.168.153.25",
      "192.168.153.26",
      "192.168.153.27"
    ],
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "BeiJing",
            "ST": "BeiJing",
            "O": "k8s",
            "OU": "System"
        }
    ]
}
EOF

#生产证书，会生成server.pem和server-key.pem文件
[root@k8s-m1 k8s]# cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare server

解压二进制包

[root@k8s-m1 k8s]# mkdir -p /opt/kubernetes/{bin,cfg,ssl,logs} 
[root@k8s-m1 ~]# tar xzvf kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz 
[root@k8s-m1 ~]# cd kubernetes/server/bin
[root@k8s-m1 bin]# cp kube-apiserver kube-scheduler kube-controller-manager /opt/kubernetes/bin
[root@k8s-m1 bin]# cp kubectl /usr/bin/

部署kube-apiserver

创建配置文件

cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver.conf << EOF
KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=2 \\
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
--etcd-servers=https://192.168.153.25:2379,https://192.168.153.26:2379,https://192.168.153.27:2379 \\
--bind-address=192.168.153.25 \\
--secure-port=6443 \\
--advertise-address=192.168.153.25 \\
--allow-privileged=true \\
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/24 \\
--enable-admission-plugins=NamespaceLifecycle,LimitRanger,ServiceAccount,ResourceQuota,NodeRestriction \\
--authorization-mode=RBAC,Node \\
--enable-bootstrap-token-auth=true \\
--token-auth-file=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv \\
--service-node-port-range=30000-32767 \\
--kubelet-client-certificate=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem \\
--kubelet-client-key=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \\
--tls-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem  \\
--tls-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \\
--client-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
--service-account-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \\
--service-account-issuer=api \\
--service-account-signing-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \\
--etcd-cafile=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \\
--etcd-certfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \\
--etcd-keyfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \\
--requestheader-client-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
--proxy-client-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem \\
--proxy-client-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \\
--requestheader-allowed-names=kubernetes \\
--requestheader-extra-headers-prefix=X-Remote-Extra- \\
--requestheader-group-headers=X-Remote-Group \\
--requestheader-username-headers=X-Remote-User \\
--enable-aggregator-routing=true \\
--audit-log-maxage=30 \\
--audit-log-maxbackup=3 \\
--audit-log-maxsize=100 \\
--audit-log-path=/opt/kubernetes/logs/k8s-audit.log"
EOF


-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
•   --logtostderr：启用日志
•   ---v：日志等级
•   --log-dir：日志目录
•   --etcd-servers：etcd集群地址
•   --bind-address：监听地址
•   --secure-port：https安全端口
•   --advertise-address：集群通告地址
•   --allow-privileged：启用授权
•   --service-cluster-ip-range：Service虚拟IP地址段
•   --enable-admission-plugins：准入控制模块
•   --authorization-mode：认证授权，启用RBAC授权和节点自管理
•   --enable-bootstrap-token-auth：启用TLS bootstrap机制
•   --token-auth-file：bootstrap token文件
•   --service-node-port-range：Service nodeport类型默认分配端口范围
•   --kubelet-client-xxx：apiserver访问kubelet客户端证书
•   --tls-xxx-file：apiserver https证书
•   1.20版本必须加的参数：--service-account-issuer，--service-account-signing-key-file
•   --etcd-xxxfile：连接Etcd集群证书
•   --audit-log-xxx：审计日志
•   启动聚合层相关配置：--requestheader-client-ca-file，--proxy-client-cert-file，--proxy-client-key-file，--requestheader-allowed-names，--requestheader-extra-headers-prefix，--requestheader-group-headers，--requestheader-username-headers，--enable-aggregator-routing

拷贝刚才生成的证书

[root@k8s-m1 k8s]# cp ~/TLS/k8s/ca*pem ~/TLS/k8s/server*pem /opt/kubernetes/ssl/

启用 TLS Bootstrapping 机制

#生产token
[root@k8s-m1 k8s]# head -c 16 /dev/urandom | od -An -t x | tr -d ' '
b61fe1f11d8e48a974399405a2af809e

#创建token文件
cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv << EOF
b61fe1f11d8e48a974399405a2af809e,kubelet-bootstrap,10001,"system:node-bootstrapper"
EOF

systemd管理apiserver

cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes API Server
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes

[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-apiserver \$KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

启动并设置开机启动

[root@k8s-m1 k8s]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@k8s-m1 k8s]# systemctl start kube-apiserver 
[root@k8s-m1 k8s]# systemctl enable kube-apiserver

部署kube-controller-manager

创建配置文件

cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.conf << EOF
KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=2 \\
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
--leader-elect=true \\
--kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.kubeconfig \\
--bind-address=127.0.0.1 \\
--allocate-node-cidrs=true \\
--cluster-cidr=10.244.0.0/16 \\
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/24 \\
--cluster-signing-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
--cluster-signing-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem  \\
--root-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
--service-account-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \\
--cluster-signing-duration=87600h0m0s"
EOF

•   --kubeconfig：连接apiserver配置文件
•   --leader-elect：当该组件启动多个时，自动选举（HA）
•   --cluster-signing-cert-file/--cluster-signing-key-file：自动为kubelet颁发证书的CA，与apiserver保持一致

生成kubeconfig文件

#生成kube-controller-manager证书：

# 切换工作目录
cd ~/TLS/k8s

# 创建证书请求文件
cat > kube-controller-manager-csr.json << EOF
{
  "CN": "system:kube-controller-manager",
  "hosts": [],
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "L": "BeiJing", 
      "ST": "BeiJing",
      "O": "system:masters",
      "OU": "System"
    }
  ]
}
EOF

# 生成证书
[root@k8s-m1 k8s]# cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-controller-manager-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-controller-manager

#生成两个文件
kube-controller-manager.pem   kube-controller-manager-key.pem

生成kubeconfig文件（以下是shell命令，直接在终端执行）

KUBE_CONFIG="/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.kubeconfig"
KUBE_APISERVER="https://192.168.153.25:6443"

kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
  --certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
  --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
  
kubectl config set-credentials kube-controller-manager \
  --client-certificate=./kube-controller-manager.pem \
  --client-key=./kube-controller-manager-key.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
  
kubectl config set-context default \
  --cluster=kubernetes \
  --user=kube-controller-manager \
  --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
  
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}

systemd管理controller-manager

cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Controller Manager
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes

[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-controller-manager \$KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

启动并设置开机启动

[root@k8s-m1 k8s]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@k8s-m1 k8s]# systemctl start kube-controller-manager
[root@k8s-m1 k8s]# systemctl enable kube-controller-manager

部署kube-scheduler

创建配置文件

cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.conf << EOF
KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=2 \\
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
--leader-elect \\
--kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.kubeconfig \\
--bind-address=127.0.0.1"
EOF


•   --kubeconfig：连接apiserver配置文件
•   --leader-elect：当该组件启动多个时，自动选举（HA）

生成kubeconfig文件

#生成kube-scheduler证书：
# 切换工作目录
[root@k8s-m1 k8s]# cd ~/TLS/k8s

# 创建证书请求文件
cat > kube-scheduler-csr.json << EOF
{
  "CN": "system:kube-scheduler",
  "hosts": [],
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "L": "BeiJing",
      "ST": "BeiJing",
      "O": "system:masters",
      "OU": "System"
    }
  ]
}
EOF

# 生成证书
[root@k8s-m1 k8s]# cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-scheduler-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-scheduler

#生成两个文件
kube-scheduler.pem kube-scheduler-key.pem

生成kubeconfig文件（以下是shell命令，直接在终端执行）

KUBE_CONFIG="/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.kubeconfig"
KUBE_APISERVER="https://192.168.153.25:6443"

kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
  --certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
  --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
  
kubectl config set-credentials kube-scheduler \
  --client-certificate=./kube-scheduler.pem \
  --client-key=./kube-scheduler-key.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
  
kubectl config set-context default \
  --cluster=kubernetes \
  --user=kube-scheduler \
  --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
  
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}

systemd管理scheduler

cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Scheduler
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes

[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-scheduler \$KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

启动并设置开机启动

[root@k8s-m1 k8s]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@k8s-m1 k8s]# systemctl start kube-scheduler
[root@k8s-m1 k8s]# systemctl enable kube-scheduler

查看集群状态

#生成kubectl连接集群的证书

# 切换工作目录
[root@k8s-m1 k8s]# cd ~/TLS/k8s

cat > admin-csr.json <


生成kubeconfig文件
mkdir /root/.kube

KUBE_CONFIG="/root/.kube/config"
KUBE_APISERVER="https://192.168.153.25:6443"

kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
  --certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
  --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
  
kubectl config set-credentials cluster-admin \
  --client-certificate=./admin.pem \
  --client-key=./admin-key.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
  
kubectl config set-context default \
  --cluster=kubernetes \
  --user=cluster-admin \
  --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
  
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}



查看当前集群组件状态
[root@k8s-m1 ~]# kubectl get cs

NAME                 STATUS    MESSAGE             ERROR
controller-manager   Healthy   ok                  
scheduler            Healthy   ok                  
etcd-0               Healthy   {"health":"true"}   
etcd-2               Healthy   {"health":"true"}   
etcd-1               Healthy   {"health":"true"} 

#如上输出说明Master节点组件运行正常
#如不正常，同步时间，重启相关服务


授权kubelet-bootstrap用户允许请求证书
kubectl create clusterrolebinding kubelet-bootstrap \
--clusterrole=system:node-bootstrapper \
--user=kubelet-bootstrap

  kubectl create--insecure-skip-tls-verifyclusterrolebinding kubelet-bootstrap \ 
  --clusterrole=system:node-bootstrapper \ 
  --user=kubelet-bootstrap
 


部署Worker Node
创建工作目录并拷贝二进制文件
所有worker node创建工作目录
[root@k8s-node1 ~]# mkdir -p /opt/kubernetes/{bin,cfg,ssl,logs} 


下面还是在Master Node上操作，即同时作为WorkerNode
[root@k8s-m1 ~]# cd kubernetes/server/bin
[root@k8s-m1 bin]# cp kubelet kube-proxy /opt/kubernetes/bin


部署kubelet
创建配置文件
cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf << EOF
KUBELET_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=2 \\
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
--hostname-override=k8s-m1 \\
--network-plugin=cni \\
--kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.kubeconfig \\
--bootstrap-kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/bootstrap.kubeconfig \\
--config=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet-config.yml \\
--cert-dir=/opt/kubernetes/ssl \\
--pod-infra-container-image=lizhenliang/pause-amd64:3.0"
EOF

•   --hostname-override：显示名称，集群中唯一
•   --network-plugin：启用CNI
•   --kubeconfig：空路径，会自动生成，后面用于连接apiserver
•   --bootstrap-kubeconfig：首次启动向apiserver申请证书
•   --config：配置参数文件
•   --cert-dir：kubelet证书生成目录
•   --pod-infra-container-image：管理Pod网络容器的镜像



配置参数文件
cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet-config.yml << EOF
kind: KubeletConfiguration
apiVersion: kubelet.config.k8s.io/v1beta1
address: 0.0.0.0
port: 10250
readOnlyPort: 10255
cgroupDriver: cgroupfs
clusterDNS:
- 10.0.0.2
clusterDomain: cluster.local 
failSwapOn: false
authentication:
  anonymous:
    enabled: false
  webhook:
    cacheTTL: 2m0s
    enabled: true
  x509:
    clientCAFile: /opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem 
authorization:
  mode: Webhook
  webhook:
    cacheAuthorizedTTL: 5m0s
    cacheUnauthorizedTTL: 30s
evictionHard:
  imagefs.available: 15%
  memory.available: 100Mi
  nodefs.available: 10%
  nodefs.inodesFree: 5%
maxOpenFiles: 1000000
maxPods: 110
EOF



生成kubelet初次加入集群引导kubeconfig文件
KUBE_CONFIG="/opt/kubernetes/cfg/bootstrap.kubeconfig"
KUBE_APISERVER="https://192.168.153.25:6443" # apiserver IP:PORT
TOKEN="b61fe1f11d8e48a974399405a2af809e" # 与token.csv里保持一致

# 生成 kubelet bootstrap kubeconfig 配置文件
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
  --certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
  --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
  
kubectl config set-credentials "kubelet-bootstrap" \
  --token=${TOKEN} \
  --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
  
kubectl config set-context default \
  --cluster=kubernetes \
  --user="kubelet-bootstrap" \
  --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
  
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}



systemd管理kubelet
cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Kubelet
After=docker.service

[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kubelet \$KUBELET_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF



启动并设置开机启动
[root@k8s-m1 ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@k8s-m1 ~]# systemctl start kubelet
[root@k8s-m1 ~]# systemctl enable kubelet


批准kubelet证书申请并加入集群
# 查看kubelet证书请求

[root@k8s-m1 ~]# kubectl get csr
NAME                                                   AGE   SIGNERNAME                                    REQUESTOR           CONDITION
node-csr-MO8PB_glfjCy_w6JKHJD5x89D1rUXq6UTOoXfdXWwTc   2s    kubernetes.io/kube-apiserver-client-kubelet   kubelet-bootstrap   Pending

# 批准申请
[root@k8s-m1 ~]# kubectl certificate approve node-csr-MO8PB_glfjCy_w6JKHJD5x89D1rUXq6UTOoXfdXWwTc

#再次查看，Approved,Issued为正常
[root@k8s-m1 ~]# kubectl get csr
NAME                                                   AGE   SIGNERNAME                                    REQUESTOR           CONDITION
node-csr-MO8PB_glfjCy_w6JKHJD5x89D1rUXq6UTOoXfdXWwTc   65m   kubernetes.io/kube-apiserver-client-kubelet   kubelet-bootstrap   Approved,Issued


[root@k8s-m1 ~]# kubectl get node
NAME     STATUS     ROLES    AGE     VERSION
k8s-m1   NotReady      6m28s   v1.20.4


部署kube-proxy
创建配置文件
cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.conf << EOF
KUBE_PROXY_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=2 \\
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
--config=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml"
EOF



配置参数文件
cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml << EOF
kind: KubeProxyConfiguration
apiVersion: kubeproxy.config.k8s.io/v1alpha1
bindAddress: 0.0.0.0
metricsBindAddress: 0.0.0.0:10249
clientConnection:
  kubeconfig: /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.kubeconfig
hostnameOverride: k8s-m1
clusterCIDR: 10.0.0.0/24
EOF



生成kube-proxy.kubeconfig文件
# 切换工作目录
cd ~/TLS/k8s

# 创建证书请求文件
cat > kube-proxy-csr.json << EOF
{
  "CN": "system:kube-proxy",
  "hosts": [],
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "L": "BeiJing",
      "ST": "BeiJing",
      "O": "k8s",
      "OU": "System"
    }
  ]
}
EOF

# 生成证书
[root@k8s-m1 k8s]# cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-proxy-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-proxy


#生成kubeconfig文件：
KUBE_CONFIG="/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.kubeconfig"
KUBE_APISERVER="https://192.168.153.25:6443"

kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
  --certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
  --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
  
kubectl config set-credentials kube-proxy \
  --client-certificate=./kube-proxy.pem \
  --client-key=./kube-proxy-key.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
  
kubectl config set-context default \
  --cluster=kubernetes \
  --user=kube-proxy \
  --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
  
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}



systemd管理kube-proxy
cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Proxy
After=network.target

[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-proxy \$KUBE_PROXY_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF



启动并设置开机启动
[root@k8s-m1 k8s]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@k8s-m1 k8s]# systemctl start kube-proxy
[root@k8s-m1 k8s]# systemctl enable kube-proxy


部署网络组件
[root@k8s-m1 ~]# mkdir -p /opt/cni/bin
[root@k8s-m1 ~]# tar zxvf cni-plugins-linux-amd64-v0.8.6.tgz -C /opt/cni/bin

[root@k8s-m1 YAML]# kubectl apply -f kube-flannel.yaml 

[root@k8s-m1 YAML]# kubectl get pods -n kube-system
NAME                          READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
kube-flannel-ds-amd64-n4pg6   1/1     Running   0          2m24s

[root@k8s-m1 YAML]# kubectl get node
NAME     STATUS   ROLES    AGE   VERSION
k8s-m1   Ready       27m   v1.20.4



授权apiserver访问kubelet
cat > apiserver-to-kubelet-rbac.yaml << EOF
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRole
metadata:
  annotations:
    rbac.authorization.kubernetes.io/autoupdate: "true"
  labels:
    kubernetes.io/bootstrapping: rbac-defaults
  name: system:kube-apiserver-to-kubelet
rules:
  - apiGroups:
      - ""
    resources:
      - nodes/proxy
      - nodes/stats
      - nodes/log
      - nodes/spec
      - nodes/metrics
      - pods/log
    verbs:
      - "*"
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
  name: system:kube-apiserver
  namespace: ""
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: system:kube-apiserver-to-kubelet
subjects:
  - apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
    kind: User
    name: kubernetes
EOF

[root@k8s-m1 YAML]# kubectl apply -f apiserver-to-kubelet-rbac.yaml



新增加Worker Node
在所有worker node创建工作目录
[root@k8s-node1 ~]# mkdir -p /opt/kubernetes/{bin,cfg,ssl,logs} 


拷贝已部署好的Node相关文件到新节点
[root@k8s-m1 ~]# scp -r /opt/kubernetes [email protected]:/opt/

[root@k8s-m1 ~]# scp -r /usr/lib/systemd/system/{kubelet,kube-proxy}.service [email protected]:/usr/lib/systemd/system

[root@k8s-m1 ~]# scp -r /opt/cni/ [email protected]:/opt/

[root@k8s-m1 ~]# scp /opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem [email protected]:/opt/kubernetes/ssl



删除kubelet证书和kubeconfig文件
[root@k8s-node1 ~]# rm -f /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.kubeconfig 
[root@k8s-node1 ~]# rm -f /opt/kubernetes/ssl/kubelet*

注：这几个文件是证书申请审批后自动生成的，每个Node不同，必须删除


修改主机名
[root@k8s-node1 ~]# vi /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf
--hostname-override=k8s-node1

[root@k8s-node1 ~]# vi /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml
hostnameOverride: k8s-node1



启动并设置开机启动
[root@k8s-node1 ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@k8s-node1 ~]# systemctl start kubelet kube-proxy
[root@k8s-node1 ~]# systemctl enable kubelet kube-proxy


在Master上批准新Node kubelet证书申请
# 查看证书请求
[root@k8s-m1 ~]# kubectl get csr
NAME                                                   AGE     SIGNERNAME                                    REQUESTOR           CONDITION
node-csr-KEU59N0A2o_0k5FK37DxQbs0-stkWpY33oLVJeYT5aU   71s     kubernetes.io/kube-apiserver-client-kubelet   kubelet-bootstrap   Pending
node-csr-Z8rR8y-Mq2Gdc-rRr7AhTjvssM4OuZ2qVYVZ7sNtMjs   3h32m   kubernetes.io/kube-apiserver-client-kubelet   kubelet-bootstrap   Approved,Issued

# 授权请求
[root@k8s-m1 ~]# kubectl certificate approve node-csr-KEU59N0A2o_0k5FK37DxQbs0-stkWpY33oLVJeYT5aU



查看Node状态
[root@k8s-m1 ~]# kubectl get node
NAME        STATUS   ROLES    AGE     VERSION
k8s-m1      Ready       3h39m   v1.20.4
k8s-node1   Ready       99s     v1.20.4


部署Dashboard和CoreDNS
部署Dashboard
[root@k8s-m1 YAML]# kubectl apply -f dashboard.yaml   

[root@k8s-m1 YAML]# kubectl apply -f dashboard-adminuser.yaml 

[root@k8s-m1 YAML]# kubectl get pods,svc -n kubernetes-dashboard
NAME                                             READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
pod/dashboard-metrics-scraper-7b9b99d599-slmmr   1/1     Running   0          5m33s
pod/kubernetes-dashboard-6d4799d74-9fqq4         1/1     Running   0          5m33s

NAME                                TYPE        CLUSTER-IP   EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)         AGE
service/dashboard-metrics-scraper   ClusterIP   10.0.0.189           8000/TCP        5m33s
service/kubernetes-dashboard        NodePort    10.0.0.39            443:30001/TCP   5m33s

[root@k8s-m1 YAML]# kubectl describe secrets -n kube-system $(kubectl -n kube-system get secret | awk '/dashboard-admin/{print $1}')

eyJhbGciOiJSUzI1NiIsImtpZCI6Ikdfd3YySzdYdmxOVWFnSFJiWW5BYXlIeEhYazdYNE4wbmZlT21fN0p0akEifQ.eyJpc3MiOiJrdWJlcm5ldGVzL3NlcnZpY2VhY2NvdW50Iiwia3ViZXJuZXRlcy5pby9zZXJ2aWNlYWNjb3VudC9uYW1lc3BhY2UiOiJrdWJlLXN5c3RlbSIsImt1YmVybmV0ZXMuaW8vc2VydmljZWFjY291bnQvc2VjcmV0Lm5hbWUiOiJmbGFubmVsLXRva2VuLXp2d2p0Iiwia3ViZXJuZXRlcy5pby9zZXJ2aWNlYWNjb3VudC9zZXJ2aWNlLWFjY291bnQubmFtZSI6ImZsYW5uZWwiLCJrdWJlcm5ldGVzLmlvL3NlcnZpY2VhY2NvdW50L3NlcnZpY2UtYWNjb3VudC51aWQiOiJlYzExYzAyYS1hZGVlLTQ4ZDktYmE3NS1iMDg0ODhjMWMwMzIiLCJzdWIiOiJzeXN0ZW06c2VydmljZWFjY291bnQ6a3ViZS1zeXN0ZW06Zmxhbm5lbCJ9.fESAKVNFGzzlGmJSF9yemPUno8AGBmzof0a42ARgCMR8l41tPme1clRERigoSG7R16FgUVFJcYwK06OhQD6MCFt08t7yq0c-pf5Xott_jrig3zYj-nfuN_vbztiyQoXIMT3k2m3sWeJHP0j73glENYb2P7Pi8Dn8OotofUB81x_cQK5Xswz5_GIgrdgThuW3c8ocRavfNEO2NcFhzhpIxyK8rI70TUp_TDsjWUjMz5Au5fGfFoNBsRsP_0aaBy3hfK-sBRzI0Tq-0qEL6MdYETza1pxUB0lkfyvFIIbnUswTxyCWtjHUYDandyx9hYhKsroOdEPv8xZtnPqBfBV2Lw


https://192.168.153.25:30001/








1639118894166.png


部署CoreDNS
[root@k8s-m1 YAML]# kubectl apply -f coredns.yaml 

[root@k8s-m1 YAML]# kubectl get pods -n kube-system  
NAME                          READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
coredns-58d8cd457b-t4xqp      1/1     Running   0          27s
kube-flannel-ds-amd64-hhswr   1/1     Running   0          17m
kube-flannel-ds-amd64-n4pg6   1/1     Running   1          3h31m

[root@k8s-m1 YAML]# kubectl run -it --rm dns-test --image=busybox:1.28.4 sh 
If you don't see a command prompt, try pressing enter.
/ # nslookup kubernetes 
Server:    10.0.0.2
Address 1: 10.0.0.2 kube-dns.kube-system.svc.cluster.local

Name:      kubernetes
Address 1: 10.0.0.1 kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local


至此一个单Master集群就搭建完成了！
扩容多Master（高可用架构）
多Master服务器规划



角色
IP
组件




k8s-m1
192.168.153.25
kube-apiserver，kube-controller-manager，kube-scheduler，etcd，kubelet，kube-proxy，docker，nginx，keepalived


k8s-node1
192.168.153.26
kubelet，kube-proxy，docker


k8s-m2
192.168.153.27
kube-apiserver，kube-controller-manager，kube-scheduler，kubelet，kube-proxy，docker，nginx，keepalived



部署Master2 Node
安装Docker
[root@k8s-m1 ~]# scp /usr/bin/docker* [email protected]:/usr/bin
[root@k8s-m1 ~]# scp /usr/bin/runc [email protected]:/usr/bin
[root@k8s-m1 ~]# scp /usr/bin/containerd* [email protected]:/usr/bin
[root@k8s-m1 ~]# scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service [email protected]:/usr/lib/systemd/system
[root@k8s-m1 ~]# scp -r /etc/docker [email protected]:/etc

# 在Master2启动Docker
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start docker
systemctl enable docker



Master2创建etcd证书目录
[root@k8s-m2 ~]# mkdir -p /opt/etcd/ssl


拷贝Master1上所有K8s文件和etcd证书到Master2
[root@k8s-m1 ~]# scp -r /opt/kubernetes [email protected]:/opt
[root@k8s-m1 ~]# scp -r /opt/cni/ [email protected]:/opt
[root@k8s-m1 ~]# scp -r /opt/etcd/ssl [email protected]:/opt/etcd
[root@k8s-m1 ~]# scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube* [email protected]:/usr/lib/systemd/system
[root@k8s-m1 ~]# scp /usr/bin/kubectl  [email protected]:/usr/bin
[root@k8s-m1 ~]# scp -r ~/.kube [email protected]:~



删除证书文件
#删除kubelet证书和kubeconfig文件

[root@k8s-m2 ~]# rm -f /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.kubeconfig 
[root@k8s-m2 ~]# rm -f /opt/kubernetes/ssl/kubelet*



修改配置文件IP和主机名
#修改apiserver、kubelet和kube-proxy配置文件为本地IP

[root@k8s-m2 ~]# vi /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver.conf 
...
--bind-address=192.168.153.27 \
--advertise-address=192.168.153.27 \
...

[root@k8s-m2 ~]# vi /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.kubeconfig
server: https://192.168.153.27:6443

[root@k8s-m2 ~]# vi /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.kubeconfig
server: https://192.168.153.27:6443

[root@k8s-m2 ~]# vi /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf
--hostname-override=k8s-m2

[root@k8s-m2 ~]# vi /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml
hostnameOverride: k8s-m2

[root@k8s-m2 ~]# vi ~/.kube/config
...
server: https://192.168.153.27:6443


启动设置开机启动
[root@k8s-m2 ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@k8s-m2 ~]# systemctl start kube-apiserver kube-controller-manager kube-scheduler kubelet kube-proxy
[root@k8s-m2 ~]# systemctl enable kube-apiserver kube-controller-manager kube-scheduler kubelet kube-proxy



查看集群状态
[root@k8s-m2 ~]# kubectl get cs
NAME                 STATUS    MESSAGE             ERROR
controller-manager   Healthy   ok                  
scheduler            Healthy   ok                  
etcd-0               Healthy   {"health":"true"}   


批准kubelet证书申请
# 查看证书请求
[root@k8s-m2 ~]# kubectl get csr
NAME                                                   AGE     SIGNERNAME                                    REQUESTOR           CONDITION
node-csr-Q8r8Z2xb8lfqlFmWZEGcoeHJV1Dcz-DZM7TO5m8zN-w   2m22s   kubernetes.io/kube-apiserver-client-kubelet   kubelet-bootstrap   Pending

# 授权请求
[root@k8s-m2 ~]# kubectl certificate approve node-csr-Q8r8Z2xb8lfqlFmWZEGcoeHJV1Dcz-DZM7TO5m8zN-w

# 查看Node
[root@k8s-m2 ~]# kubectl get node
NAME        STATUS   ROLES    AGE     VERSION
k8s-m1      Ready       5h59m   v1.20.4
k8s-m2      Ready       3m20s   v1.20.4
k8s-node1   Ready       140m    v1.20.4


部署Nginx+Keepalived高可用负载均衡器






1639139216145.png


安装软件包（主/备）
 yum install epel-release -y
 yum install nginx keepalived -y
 yum install nginx-mod-stream

Nginx配置文件（主/备一样）
cat > /etc/nginx/nginx.conf << "EOF"
user nginx;
worker_processes auto;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;
pid /run/nginx.pid;

include /usr/share/nginx/modules/*.conf;

events {
    worker_connections 1024;
}

# 四层负载均衡，为两台Master apiserver组件提供负载均衡
stream {

    log_format  main  '$remote_addr $upstream_addr - [$time_local] $status $upstream_bytes_sent';

    access_log  /var/log/nginx/k8s-access.log  main;

    upstream k8s-apiserver {
       server 192.168.153.25:6443;   # Master1 APISERVER IP:PORT
       server 192.168.153.27:6443;   # Master2 APISERVER IP:PORT
    }
    
    server {
       listen 16443; # 由于nginx与master节点复用，这个监听端口不能是6443，否则会冲突
       proxy_pass k8s-apiserver;
    }
}

http {
    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;

    sendfile            on;
    tcp_nopush          on;
    tcp_nodelay         on;
    keepalive_timeout   65;
    types_hash_max_size 2048;

    include             /etc/nginx/mime.types;
    default_type        application/octet-stream;

    server {
        listen       80 default_server;
        server_name  _;

        location / {
        }
    }
}
EOF



keepalived配置文件（Nginx Master）
cat > /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf << EOF
global_defs { 
   notification_email { 
     [email protected] 
     [email protected] 
     [email protected] 
   } 
   notification_email_from [email protected]  
   smtp_server 127.0.0.1 
   smtp_connect_timeout 30 
   router_id NGINX_MASTER
} 

vrrp_script check_nginx {
    script "/etc/keepalived/check_nginx.sh"
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 { 
    state MASTER 
    interface ens32  # 修改为实际网卡名
    virtual_router_id 51 # VRRP 路由 ID实例，每个实例是唯一的 
    priority 100    # 优先级，备服务器设置 90 
    advert_int 1    # 指定VRRP 心跳包通告间隔时间，默认1秒 
    authentication { 
        auth_type PASS      
        auth_pass 1111 
    }  
    # 虚拟IP
    virtual_ipaddress { 
        192.168.153.16/24
    } 
    track_script {
        check_nginx
    } 
}
EOF

#画重点：虚拟IP必须是证书里授权的


keepalived配置文件（Nginx Backup）
cat > /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf << EOF
global_defs { 
   notification_email { 
     [email protected] 
     [email protected] 
     [email protected] 
   } 
   notification_email_from [email protected]  
   smtp_server 127.0.0.1 
   smtp_connect_timeout 30 
   router_id NGINX_BACKUP
} 

vrrp_script check_nginx {
    script "/etc/keepalived/check_nginx.sh"
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 { 
    state BACKUP 
    interface ens32
    virtual_router_id 51 # VRRP 路由 ID实例，每个实例是唯一的 
    priority 90
    advert_int 1
    authentication { 
        auth_type PASS      
        auth_pass 1111 
    }  
    virtual_ipaddress { 
        192.168.153.16/24
    } 
    track_script {
        check_nginx
    } 
}
EOF

#画重点：虚拟IP必须是证书里授权的


nginx运行状态的脚本（主/备）
cat > /etc/keepalived/check_nginx.sh  << "EOF"
#!/bin/bash
count=$(ss -antp |grep 16443 |egrep -cv "grep|$$")

if [ "$count" -eq 0 ];then
    exit 1
else
    exit 0
fi
EOF

chmod +x /etc/keepalived/check_nginx.sh

#注：keepalived根据脚本返回状态码（0为工作正常，非0不正常）判断是否故障转移



启动并设置开机启动（主/备）
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start nginx keepalived
systemctl enable nginx keepalived



查看keepalived工作状态
[root@k8s-m2 cfg]# ip addr

2: ens32:  mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:f9:3d:cf brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.153.27/24 brd 192.168.153.255 scope global noprefixroute ens32
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet 192.168.153.16/24 scope global secondary ens32
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fef9:3dcf/64 scope link noprefixroute 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever


访问负载均衡器测试
#找K8s集群中任意一个节点，使用curl查看K8s版本测试，使用VIP访问：
curl -k https://192.168.153.16:16443/version

{
  "major": "1",
  "minor": "20",
  "gitVersion": "v1.20.4",
  "gitCommit": "e87da0bd6e03ec3fea7933c4b5263d151aafd07c",
  "gitTreeState": "clean",
  "buildDate": "2021-02-18T16:03:00Z",
  "goVersion": "go1.15.8",
  "compiler": "gc",
  "platform": "linux/amd64"
}

#访问192.168.153.16:16443后映射到192.168.153.25:6443和192.168.153.27:6443
[root@k8s-m2 ~]# tail /var/log/nginx/k8s-access.log -f
192.168.153.25 192.168.153.25:6443 - [10/Dec/2021:23:12:19 +0800] 200 422
192.168.153.25 192.168.153.27:6443 - [10/Dec/2021:23:12:30 +0800] 200 422


修改所有Worker Node连接LB VIP(所有节点执行)
 

[root@k8s-m1 ~]# sed -i 's#192.168.153.25:6443#192.168.153.16:16443#' /opt/kubernetes/cfg/*
[root@k8s-m1 ~]# systemctl restart kubelet kube-proxy

[root@k8s-node1 ~]# sed -i 's#192.168.153.25:6443#192.168.153.16:16443#' /opt/kubernetes/cfg/*
[root@k8s-node1 ~]# systemctl restart kubelet kube-proxy

[root@k8s-m2 ~]# sed -i 's#192.168.153.27:6443#192.168.153.16:16443#' /opt/kubernetes/cfg/*
[root@k8s-m2 ~]# systemctl restart kubelet kube-proxy

 


检查节点状态
[root@k8s-m1 ~]# kubectl get node
NAME        STATUS   ROLES    AGE     VERSION
k8s-m1      Ready       11h     v1.20.4
k8s-m2      Ready       5h32m   v1.20.4
k8s-node1   Ready       7h50m   v1.20.4

[root@k8s-m2 ~]# kubectl get node
NAME        STATUS   ROLES    AGE     VERSION
k8s-m1      Ready       11h     v1.20.4
k8s-m2      Ready       5h32m   v1.20.4
k8s-node1   Ready       7h50m   v1.20.4


访问测试
[root@k8s-m1 ~]# kubectl create deployment web --image=nginx

[root@k8s-m1 ~]# kubectl expose deployment web --port=80 --target-port=80 --type=NodePort

[root@k8s-m1 ~]# kubectl get pod,svc
NAME                       READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
pod/web-6bc4dfc596-hj2vl   1/1     Running   0          30s

NAME                 TYPE        CLUSTER-IP   EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)        AGE
service/kubernetes   ClusterIP   10.0.0.1             443/TCP        12h
service/web          NodePort    10.0.0.165           80:32248/TCP   3s

#每访问一次可以查看到日志
[root@k8s-m1 ~]# kubectl logs pod/web-6bc4dfc596-hj2vl -f

  


日常查看日志
比如：执行命令`kubectl apply -f nginx-deployment.yaml`并没有创建Pod
查看日志，寻找原因
使用kubectl apply -f nginx-deployment.yaml命令后，会交给api-server，然后以对象形式存到etcd里，这时候kube-controller-manager会通过循环的方式来编排工作，创建相应的Pod。所以我们应该看 kube-controller-manager服务的日志。
001 我们使用journalctl查看使用systemctl启动的service。
 journalctl -u kube-controller-manager 
002 查看系统日志
 tail -f /var/log/messages


至此，一套完整的 Kubernetes 高可用集群就部署完成了！

部署一套完整的K8s高可用集群（二进制）

整体架构

单Master服务器规划

系统初始化设置

部署Etcd集群

规划

准备cfssl证书生成工具

生成Etcd证书

自签证书颁发机构（CA）

使用自签CA签发Etcd HTTPS证书

部署Etcd集群

创建工作目录并解压二进制包

创建etcd配置文件

systemd管理etcd

拷贝刚才生成的证书

将上面节点1所有生成的文件拷贝到节点2和节点3

在节点2和节点3分别修改etcd.conf配置文件

启动并设置开机启动[所有节点]

查看集群状态

查看日志

安装Docker

解压二进制包

systemd管理docker

创建配置文件

启动并设置开机启动

部署Master

生成kube-apiserver证书

自签证书颁发机构（CA）

使用自签CA签发kube-apiserver HTTPS证书

解压二进制包

部署kube-apiserver

创建配置文件

拷贝刚才生成的证书

启用 TLS Bootstrapping 机制

systemd管理apiserver

启动并设置开机启动

部署kube-controller-manager

创建配置文件

生成kubeconfig文件

生成kubeconfig文件（以下是shell命令，直接在终端执行）

systemd管理controller-manager

启动并设置开机启动

部署kube-scheduler

创建配置文件

生成kubeconfig文件

生成kubeconfig文件（以下是shell命令，直接在终端执行）

systemd管理scheduler

启动并设置开机启动

查看集群状态

生成kubeconfig文件

查看当前集群组件状态

授权kubelet-bootstrap用户允许请求证书

部署Worker Node

创建工作目录并拷贝二进制文件

所有worker node创建工作目录

下面还是在Master Node上操作，即同时作为WorkerNode

部署kubelet

创建配置文件

配置参数文件

生成kubelet初次加入集群引导kubeconfig文件

systemd管理kubelet

启动并设置开机启动

批准kubelet证书申请并加入集群

部署kube-proxy

创建配置文件

配置参数文件

生成kube-proxy.kubeconfig文件

systemd管理kube-proxy

启动并设置开机启动

部署网络组件

授权apiserver访问kubelet

新增加Worker Node

在所有worker node创建工作目录

拷贝已部署好的Node相关文件到新节点

删除kubelet证书和kubeconfig文件

修改主机名

启动并设置开机启动

在Master上批准新Node kubelet证书申请

查看Node状态

部署Dashboard和CoreDNS