Array.from()
方法从一个类似数组或可迭代对象创建一个新的,浅拷贝的数组实例。
console.log(Array.from('foo'));
// expected output: Array ["f", "o", "o"]
console.log(Array.from([1, 2, 3], (x) => x + x));
// expected output: Array [2, 4, 6]
Array.from(arrayLike[, mapFn[, thisArg]])
arrayLike
想要转换成数组的伪数组对象或可迭代对象。
mapFn
可选如果指定了该参数,新数组中的每个元素会执行该回调函数。
thisArg
可选可选参数,执行回调函数
mapFn
时this
对象。
一个数组实例
Array.from()
可以通过以下方式来创建数组对象:
length
属性和若干索引属性的任意对象)Array.from()
方法有一个可选参数 mapFn
,让你可以在最后生成的数组上再执行一次 map
方法后再返回。也就是说 Array.from(obj, mapFn, thisArg)
就相当于 Array.from(obj).map(mapFn, thisArg),
除非创建的不是可用的中间数组。 这对一些数组的子类,
如 typed arrays 来说很重要, 因为中间数组的值在调用 map() 时需要是适当的类型。
from()
的 length
属性为 1 ,即 Array.from.length === 1
。
在 ES2015 中, Class
语法允许我们为内置类型(比如 Array
)和自定义类新建子类(比如叫 SubArray
)。这些子类也会继承父类的静态方法,比如 SubArray.from()
,调用该方法后会返回子类 SubArray
的一个实例,而不是 Array
的实例。
console.log(Array.from('foo'));
// output: Array ["f", "o", "o"]
const set = new Set(['foo', 'bar', 'baz', 'foo']);
console.log(Array.from(set)); // output: Array [ "foo", "bar", "baz" ]
const map = new Map([
[1, 2],
[2, 4],
[4, 8],
]);
console.log(Array.from(map));
// [[1, 2], [2, 4], [4, 8]]
const mapper = new Map([
['1', 'a'],
['2', 'b'],
]);
console.log(Array.from(mapper.values()));
// ['a', 'b'];
console.log(Array.from(mapper.keys()));
// ['1', '2'];
function f() {
return Array.from(arguments);
}
console.log(f(1, 2, 3));
// [ 1, 2, 3 ]
// Using an arrow function as the map function to
// manipulate the elements
console.log(Array.from([1, 2, 3], (x) => x + x));
// [2, 4, 6]
// Generate a sequence of numbers
// Since the array is initialized with `undefined` on each position,
// the value of `v` below will be `undefined`
console.log(Array.from({ length: 5 }, (v, i) => i));
// [0, 1, 2, 3, 4]
// Sequence generator function (commonly referred to as "range", e.g. Clojure, PHP etc)
const range = (start, stop, step) =>
Array.from(
{ length: (stop - start) / step + 1 },
(_, i) => start + i * step
);
// Generate numbers range 0..4
console.log(range(0, 4, 1));
// [0, 1, 2, 3, 4]
// Generate numbers range 1..10 with step of 2
console.log(range(1, 10, 2));
// [1, 3, 5, 7, 9]
// Generate the alphabet using Array.from making use of it being ordered as a sequence
let newRange = range('A'.charCodeAt(0), 'Z'.charCodeAt(0), 1).map((x) =>
String.fromCharCode(x)
);
console.log('newRange', newRange);
// ["A", "B", "C", "D", "E", "F", "G", "H", "I", "J", "K", "L", "M", "N", "O", "P", "Q", "R", "S", "T", "U", "V", "W", "X", "Y", "Z"]
function combine() {
let arr = [].concat.apply([], arguments); //没有去重复的新数组
return Array.from(new Set(arr));
}
var m = [1, 2, 2],
n = [2, 3, 3];
console.log(combine(m, n)); // [1, 2, 3]
ECMA-262 第六版标准中添加了 Array.from
。有些实现中可能尚未包括在其中。你可以通过在脚本前添加如下内容作为替代方法,以使用未原生支持的 Array.from
方法。该算法按照 ECMA-262 第六版中的规范实现,并假定 Object
和 TypeError
有其本身的值, callback.call
对应 Function.prototype.call
。此外,鉴于无法使用 Polyfill 实现真正的的迭代器,该实现不支持规范中定义的泛型可迭代元素。
// Production steps of ECMA-262, Edition 6, 22.1.2.1
if (!Array.from) {
Array.from = (function () {
var toStr = Object.prototype.toString;
var isCallable = function (fn) {
return (
typeof fn === 'function' || toStr.call(fn) === '[object Function]'
);
};
var toInteger = function (value) {
var number = Number(value);
if (isNaN(number)) {
return 0;
}
if (number === 0 || !isFinite(number)) {
return number;
}
return (number > 0 ? 1 : -1) * Math.floor(Math.abs(number));
};
var maxSafeInteger = Math.pow(2, 53) - 1;
var toLength = function (value) {
var len = toInteger(value);
return Math.min(Math.max(len, 0), maxSafeInteger);
};
// The length property of the from method is 1.
return function from(arrayLike /*, mapFn, thisArg */) {
// 1. Let C be the this value.
var C = this;
// 2. Let items be ToObject(arrayLike).
var items = Object(arrayLike);
// 3. ReturnIfAbrupt(items).
if (arrayLike == null) {
throw new TypeError(
'Array.from requires an array-like object - not null or undefined'
);
}
// 4. If mapfn is undefined, then let mapping be false.
var mapFn = arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : void undefined;
var T;
if (typeof mapFn !== 'undefined') {
// 5. else
// 5. a If IsCallable(mapfn) is false, throw a TypeError exception.
if (!isCallable(mapFn)) {
throw new TypeError(
'Array.from: when provided, the second argument must be a function'
);
}
// 5. b. If thisArg was supplied, let T be thisArg; else let T be undefined.
if (arguments.length > 2) {
T = arguments[2];
}
}
// 10. Let lenValue be Get(items, "length").
// 11. Let len be ToLength(lenValue).
var len = toLength(items.length);
// 13. If IsConstructor(C) is true, then
// 13. a. Let A be the result of calling the [[Construct]] internal method
// of C with an argument list containing the single item len.
// 14. a. Else, Let A be ArrayCreate(len).
var A = isCallable(C) ? Object(new C(len)) : new Array(len);
// 16. Let k be 0.
var k = 0;
// 17. Repeat, while k < len… (also steps a - h)
var kValue;
while (k < len) {
kValue = items[k];
if (mapFn) {
A[k] =
typeof T === 'undefined'
? mapFn(kValue, k)
: mapFn.call(T, kValue, k);
} else {
A[k] = kValue;
}
k += 1;
}
// 18. Let putStatus be Put(A, "length", len, true).
A.length = len;
// 20. Return A.
return A;
};
})();
}