VC++调用OpenGL实现3维图形的旋转，平移和缩放
在参考了洞庭散人关于OpenGL的系列文章之后，我自己实现了VC++调用OpenGL绘制3维图形，并实现旋转，平移和缩放，记录下来，以备以后查看，也可以帮助和我同等水平的人学习。
运行效果如下：
1. 开发环境，VC6
2.下载opengl的库文件，至少包括
将glut头文件复制到Microsoft Visual Studio\VC98\Include\GL
将glut和glut32库文件复制到Microsoft Visual Studio\VC98\Lib
将glut.dll和glut32.dll文件复制到System32下面，或者程序的运行目录下
3.新建VC工程，选择MFC应用程序，建立单文档视图程序，然后Finish
4.在Project/Settings下面，找到link页，在Object/library modules里面添加opengl32.lib glu32.lib glut32.lib glaux.lib
5.添加头文件
在stdafx.h文件中加入以下语句：
#include
#include
#include
#include
6.添加消息响应函数
为以下的消息添加消息响应函数
7.添加成员变量和成员函数
在view类中添加：
HGLRC m_hRC; //Rendering Context
CDC* m_pDC; //Device Context
BOOL InitializeOpenGL(); //Initialize OpenGL
BOOL SetupPixelFormat(); //Set up the Pixel Format
void RenderScene(); //Render the Scene
GLfloat m_xAngle;
GLfloat m_yAngle;
GLfloat m_xPos;
GLfloat m_yPos;
CPoint m_MouseDownPoint;
float m_Scale;
8.实现函数
A.在view类的构造函数中初始化变量
CDrawCubeDemoView::CDrawCubeDemoView()
{
// TODO: add construction code here
m_xPos = 0.0f;
m_yPos = 0.0f;
m_xAngle = 0.0f;
m_yAngle = 0.0f;
m_Scale = 1.0f;
}B.在PreCreateWindow函数中加入
BOOL CDrawCubeDemoView::PreCreateWindow(CREATESTRUCT& cs)
{
// TODO: Modify the Window class or styles here by modifying
// the CREATESTRUCT cs
//An OpenGL Window must be created with the following flags
cs.style |= WS_CLIPSIBLINGS | WS_CLIPCHILDREN;
return CView::PreCreateWindow(cs);
}
C.在OnCreat函数中加入
int CDrawCubeDemoView::OnCreate(LPCREATESTRUCT lpCreateStruct)
{
if (CView::OnCreate(lpCreateStruct) == -1)
return -1;
// TODO: Add your specialized creation code here
//Initialize OpenGL Here
InitializeOpenGL();
return 0;
}BOOL CDrawCubeDemoView::InitializeOpenGL()
{
//Get a DC for the Client Area
m_pDC = new CClientDC(this);
//Failure to Get DC
if(m_pDC == NULL)
{
MessageBox("Error Obtaining DC");
return FALSE;
}
//Failure to set the pixel format
if(!SetupPixelFormat())
{
return FALSE;
}
//Create Rendering Context
m_hRC = ::wglCreateContext (m_pDC->GetSafeHdc ());
//Failure to Create Rendering Context
if(m_hRC == 0)
{
MessageBox("Error Creating RC");
return FALSE;
}
//Make the RC Current
if(::wglMakeCurrent (m_pDC->GetSafeHdc (), m_hRC)==FALSE)
{
MessageBox("Error making RC Current");
return FALSE;
}
//Specify Black as the clear color
::glClearColor(0.0f,0.0f,0.0f,0.0f);
//Specify the back of the buffer as clear depth
::glClearDepth(1.0f);
//Enable Depth Testing
::glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);
return TRUE;
}
BOOL CDrawCubeDemoView::SetupPixelFormat()
{
static PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR pfd =
{
sizeof(PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR), // size of this pfd
1, // version number
PFD_DRAW_TO_WINDOW | // support window
PFD_SUPPORT_OPENGL | // support OpenGL
PFD_DOUBLEBUFFER, // double buffered
PFD_TYPE_RGBA, // RGBA type
24, // 24-bit color depth
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, // color bits ignored
0, // no alpha buffer
0, // shift bit ignored
0, // no accumulation buffer
0, 0, 0, 0, // accum bits ignored
16, // 16-bit z-buffer
0, // no stencil buffer
0, // no auxiliary buffer
PFD_MAIN_PLANE, // main layer
0, // reserved
0, 0, 0 // layer masks ignored
};
int m_nPixelFormat = ::ChoosePixelFormat(m_pDC->GetSafeHdc(), &pfd);
if ( m_nPixelFormat == 0 )
{
return FALSE;
}
if ( ::SetPixelFormat(m_pDC->GetSafeHdc(), m_nPixelFormat, &pfd) == FALSE)
{
return FALSE;
}
return TRUE;
}
D.在Onsize函数中加入
void CDrawCubeDemoView::OnSize(UINT nType, int cx, int cy)
{
CView::OnSize(nType, cx, cy);
// TODO: Add your message handler code here
GLdouble aspect_ratio; // width/height ratio
if ( 0 >= cx || 0 >= cy )
{
return;
}
// select the full client area
::glViewport(0, 0, cx, cy);
// compute the aspect ratio
// this will keep all dimension scales equal
aspect_ratio = (GLdouble)cx/(GLdouble)cy;
// select the projection matrix and clear it
::glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
::glLoadIdentity();
// select the viewing volume
::gluPerspective(45.0f, aspect_ratio, .01f, 200.0f);
// switch back to the modelview matrix and clear it
::glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
::glLoadIdentity();
}E.在OnDraw函数中加入
void CDrawCubeDemoView::OnDraw(CDC* pDC)
{
CDrawCubeDemoDoc* pDoc = GetDocument();
ASSERT_VALID(pDoc);
// TODO: add draw code for native data here
// Clear out the color & depth buffers
::glClear( GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT );
RenderScene();
// Tell OpenGL to flush its pipeline
::glFinish();
// Now Swap the buffers
::SwapBuffers( m_pDC->GetSafeHdc() );
}
void CDrawCubeDemoView::RenderScene()
{
glLoadIdentity();
glTranslatef(m_xPos, m_yPos, -5.0f);
glRotatef(m_xAngle, 1.0f,0.0f,0.0f);
glRotatef(m_yAngle, 0.0f,1.0f,0.0f);
glScalef(m_Scale,m_Scale,m_Scale);
glPolygonMode(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_FILL);
//Front Face
glBegin(GL_POLYGON);
glColor3f(1.0f,0.0f,0.0f);
glVertex3f(-1.0f,-1.0f,0.0f);
glColor3f(1.0f,1.0f,0.0f);
glVertex3f( 1.0f,-1.0f,0.0f);
glColor3f(1.0f,0.0f,1.0f);
glVertex3f( 1.0f, 1.0f,0.0f);
glColor3f(1.0f,1.0f,1.0f);
glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f,0.0f);
glEnd();
glColor3f(1.0f,1.0f,0.0f);
//Back Face
glBegin(GL_POLYGON);
glVertex3f(-1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f);
glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f,-1.0f);
glVertex3f( 1.0f, 1.0f,-1.0f);
glVertex3f( 1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f);
glEnd();
glColor3f(1.0f,0.0f,1.0f);
//Left Face
glBegin(GL_POLYGON);
glVertex3f(-1.0f,-1.0f, 0.0f);
glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);
glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f,-1.0f);
glVertex3f(-1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f);
glEnd();
glColor3f(0.0f,1.0f,0.0f);
//Right Face
glBegin(GL_POLYGON);
glVertex3f(1.0f,-1.0f, 0.0f);
glVertex3f(1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f);
glVertex3f(1.0f, 1.0f,-1.0f);
glVertex3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);
glEnd();
glColor3f(0.0f,1.0f,1.0f);
//Top Face
glBegin(GL_POLYGON);
glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);
glVertex3f( 1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);
glVertex3f( 1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f);
glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f);
glEnd();
glColor3f(0.0f,0.0f,1.0f);
//Botton Face
glBegin(GL_POLYGON);
glVertex3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f);
glVertex3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f);
glVertex3f( 1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f);
glVertex3f( 1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f);
glEnd();
}
F.改写OnEraseBkgnd函数，并在OnDestroy函数中加入
BOOL CDrawCubeDemoView::OnEraseBkgnd(CDC* pDC)
{
// TODO: Add your message handler code here and/or call default
return TRUE;
}
void CDrawCubeDemoView::OnDestroy()
{
CView::OnDestroy();
// TODO: Add your message handler code here
//Make the RC non-current
if(::wglMakeCurrent (0,0) == FALSE)
{
MessageBox("Could not make RC non-current");
}
//Delete the rendering context
if(::wglDeleteContext (m_hRC)==FALSE)
{
MessageBox("Could not delete RC");
}
//Delete the DC
if(m_pDC)
{
delete m_pDC;
}
//Set it to NULL
m_pDC = NULL;
}
G.实现鼠标响应函数
void CDrawCubeDemoView::OnKeyDown(UINT nChar, UINT nRepCnt, UINT nFlags)
{
// TODO: Add your message handler code here and/or call default
switch (nChar)
{
case VK_UP: m_yPos = m_yPos + 0.1f;
break;
case VK_DOWN: m_yPos = m_yPos - 0.1f;
break;
case VK_LEFT: m_xPos = m_xPos - 0.1f;
break;
case VK_RIGHT: m_xPos = m_xPos + 0.1f;
break;
default: MessageBox("Press the arrow keys only");
break;
}
InvalidateRect(NULL,FALSE);
CView::OnKeyDown(nChar, nRepCnt, nFlags);
}
void CDrawCubeDemoView::OnLButtonDown(UINT nFlags, CPoint point)
{
// TODO: Add your message handler code here and/or call default
m_MouseDownPoint=point;
SetCapture();
CView::OnLButtonDown(nFlags, point);
}
void CDrawCubeDemoView::OnLButtonUp(UINT nFlags, CPoint point)
{
// TODO: Add your message handler code here and/or call default
m_MouseDownPoint=CPoint(0,0);
ReleaseCapture();
CView::OnLButtonUp(nFlags, point);
}
void CDrawCubeDemoView::OnMouseMove(UINT nFlags, CPoint point)
{
// TODO: Add your message handler code here and/or call default
if (GetCapture()==this)
{
//Increment the object rotation angles
m_xAngle+=(point.y-m_MouseDownPoint.y)/3.6;
m_yAngle+=(point.x-m_MouseDownPoint.x)/3.6;
//Redraw the view
InvalidateRect(NULL,FALSE);
//Set the mouse point
m_MouseDownPoint=point;
};
CView::OnMouseMove(nFlags, point);
}
BOOL CDrawCubeDemoView::OnMouseWheel(UINT nFlags, short zDelta, CPoint pt)
{
// TODO: Add your message handler code here and/or call default
m_Scale += 0.01 *zDelta /120;
InvalidateRect(NULL,FALSE);
return CView::OnMouseWheel(nFlags, zDelta, pt);
}