source
可以代替from
Happiness is from money
Money is the source of happiness
productive
表示好结果=had a lot of good result
The meeting is productive
We are always productive in the morning
counterproductive
适得其反，事与愿违
代替 produce oppositive effects
When you court a girl, sometimes being too available can be counterproductive.
当你追一个女孩时，有时有求必应反而会让女孩觉得无所谓
Setting an unrealistic goal can be counterproductive.
设定不现实的目标可能适得其反
available
代替use
Can I use this room?
Is this room available
Any room available on the 10th floor
marvel
奇迹 惊叹（V）代替amaze
marvel at sth 惊叹于
No one doesn't marvel at the spectacular view
disadvantage
put sb at a disadvantaged stage 让某人处于不利的状况
The scandal has put a little pig at a disadvantage in recent days.
the disadvantaged弱势群体
the socially/economically disadvantaged 社会地位低的群体/贫困人群
The disadvantaged area 落后地区
The disadvantaged children 没机会受到教育的孩子
出现
appear（太常见）
emerge
emerging industry（新兴产业）
A lot of industries have emerged
arise
The problem has arisen问题出现
The controversy arises争论出现
show up（人出现）
I was going to make a speech but nobody showed up
我原本要做演讲，但是没人出席
turn up
找了一段时间才出现
He's gonna turn up. 他最终会出现的
advent
名词
with advent of 随着什么的出现
susceptibe
容易受影响的，经不起考验的
=be easily influenced by
Senior citizens are more susceptible to COVID-19
Young children are susceptible to TV advertising
变得
get（人的情绪和天气）
I got angry
I got excited
It is getting dark
turn（颜色和事物性质的变化）
Her face turns to red.
Everything turns green in spring.
grow 逐渐变化
Grow old变老
I was growing angry.
It is growing dark.
go后面加坏结果
The milk has gone sour.
Children went wild in class.
come和梦想成真一起用
Your dream will come true.
into
动词+A+into+B
make A into B 把A做成B.
make knowledge into power.
把知识变成力量
freeze water into ice
把水冻成冰
heat ice into water
把冰加热成水
become最中性
bound
be closely bound up with密切相关
The popularity of a video on Tiktok is closely bound up with breaking a leg.
一个抖音视频火不火跟运气有很大关系。
be bound to 必然，一定。代替must
Once you have a crush on someone she's bound to be your whole world
一旦你爱上了某个人，她就会是你的全世界
Once you get married, she's bound to be a tigress.
当你们结婚了，她就会变成母老虎
out of bounds禁止靠近，代替forbid 或者 ban
America is almost out of bounds in recent days
最近没法去美国了
The vulgar videos on Tiktok should be out of bounds to juvenile viewers
一些低俗视频应该对未成年观看者禁播
迷人的
fabulous beach
magnificent building
gorgeous women
glamorous job
fascinating story
charming personality
fantastic movie
spectacular view
splendid culture
awsome beauty
favour
Could you do me a favour?
I owe you a favour 我欠你一个人情
in favour of 取代agree with
I'm all in favour of your idea 我完全赞同你的想法
in favour 取代 popular
Distance learning is very much in favour with young people in recent years
远程教育近几年在年轻人当中很受欢迎
out of favour
不受欢迎
Wearing masks is out of favour with westerners, no wonder the number of infections is soaring.
favour 动词：便于，有利于
The coronavirus has favoured the development of teleworking and distance learning.
新冠病毒给在家办公和远程学习提供了有利的发展
desperate
make a desperate effort = try your best
You have to make a desperate effort to get off the hook
你必须豁出去才能摆脱困境
desperate shortage/need 急需
There are still many children in desperate need of being educated.
There is a desperate shortage of doctors in many hospitals
desperate=desire强化版
You are desperate for love.
你对爱情饥渴难耐
I'm desperate to get a job
我非渴望一份工作
overwhelm
崩溃、压垮
Malicious comments and rumours always overwhelm celebrities even leading to suicide commitment
恶意评论和谣言总是让艺人们崩溃，甚至导致自杀
Those successful businessmen hardly get overwhelmed by mounting pressure.
成功的商人很难被增加的压力打垮
restricted
替换only
People can only ride bicycles
The transport is restricted to bicycles
People can only write letters
The distant communication is restricted to letters
counter
反驳
经常跟criticism，argument，point of view 一起用
Mr.Yang's criticism has been countered by his anti-fans who think 喊麦 is a kind of music
their point of view is countered by some people who think...常用句型
sth helps to counter the effect of sth某事有助于减少某事的影响
代替reduce：
Doing exercise helps to counter the effect of stress
锻炼身体有助于减少压力
代替prevent：
Installing more camera in the city can counter thefts and robberies
安装摄像头有助于防止偷盗和抢劫
控制
代替control
refrain 克制情绪
refrain from doing sth
Every time my son doesn't listen to me I refrain from beating him up coz I'm not in favour of corporal punishment.
What he said didn't sound sound but I refrain from having an argument with him because I didn't misjudge anyone.
他说话不合理，但是我避免和他杠，因为不想误解任何人
curb 控制行为或现象
It is very important for a man to curb his fleshly desire.
一个男人控制他的肉欲很重要
The only way to curb the spread of the disease is by immunizing the entire population.
控制这种疾病的唯一办法是给每个人接种疫苗
hectic
忙碌 代替busy
区别busy+人 hectic+物
hectic life忙碌的生活
hectic schedule 忙碌的时间表
For many parents in China, every day of their life is hectic, all they want is to pave the way for their children's future. So what I want to say is, please, thank your parents every day.
喜欢
代替like
be into
be fond of
be keen on
be crazy about
be obsessed with喜欢到痴迷
She's obsessed with Xiaozhan.
I'm obsessed with his music.
fancy
So, do you fancy my video?
If you fancy it, please give me a like.
commit
commit crime/suicide/murder
名词commitment承诺
You made a commitment.
你说好了呀。
As a father, I need to think about if it fits in with my family commitment when I find a job.
Online loans have become the largest financial commitment to university students.
网贷成为了大学生最大的财政累赘。
形容词：committed
be committed to sth /ding sth
People would question, is there anything on earth that makes a couple emotionally committed to one another?
究竟什么可以让夫妻在感情上彼此忠诚和依赖。
逐渐
aggravate恶化 = make ... worse
The COVID-19 epidemic has aggravated the financial problems of many companies.
新冠疫情恶化了很多公司的财政问题。
resentment逐渐积累的愤怒，或者一次愤怒持续很长时间
A wife's resentment can often build up when her husband doesn't make money.
erode侵蚀
Videos of some internet celebrities on Tiktok are eroding the aesthetic value of their followers.
抖音上一些网红的视频正在侵蚀他们粉丝的审美。
subject
subject to 代替 depending on / if there are
Getting this work done is not demanding, subject to there being enough subjects.
subject to受...管制
There is no absolute freedom as one's behaviour is subject to social rules.
没有绝对的自由因为一个人的行为受社会规则的约束。
完成这项工作不难，取决于有足够的实验对象。
be subject to遭受
be afflicted with
suffer from
undergo
Chinese students are often subject to pressure to get good academic grades.
接触
代替touch
access主动的接触
The internet enables us to access information of any kind.
access 做名词 access to
Only in that position, can you gain access to confidential data.
be exposed to被动接触
Teenagers are very likely to be exposed to incorrect information on the Internet.
Surprisingly, some people have never been exposed to classical music.
Wearing masks can prevent us from exposure to the virus.
rewarding
精神层面的心满意足
代替satisfying worthwhile meaningful
Even if making a video takes time, it's rewarding cuz I have lovely and supportive iron follower.
著名的
famous well-known
eminent指专业领域
与professor天生一对
eminent professor知名教授
prestigious
跟university天生一对
prestigious university
this is one of the prestigious universities forever in my heart.
notorious臭名昭著的
notorious historical figure
臭名昭著的历史人物
notorious company
臭名昭著的公司
Bermuda is notorious
百慕大三角臭名昭著
deprive
deprive sb of sth
Playing online games brings teenagers a rush of pleasure, but deprives them of their passion for real life.
玩网络游戏可以给青少年带来一时的快乐，但会让他们丧失现实的激情。
It's not advisable to suddenly deprive your body of certain foods.
给身体突然断粮是不可取的
热闹的
busy / bustling / lively street
bustling market
exciting / lively city
lively child
boisterous soccer fans
noisy...
elusive
难搞
代替difficult to achieve
Without innovation, the success of the business would be elusive.
代替difficult to find
Taxi fares are expensive where taxis are elusive
代替 difficult to describe
I wonder how critics appreciate those paintings with elusive facial expression.
我不知道评论家怎么欣赏那些表情难以捕捉的画。
代替 difficult to remember
What did I do?
My memory is elusive.
obscure
比elusive更难搞
形容词形式
obscure mechanism 不清楚的机制
obscure reasons
obscure impact
形容词 不知名
obscure leader不知名的领导
动词形式
掩盖 代替hide
No matter what they do, they can't obscure the fact that 5G is hitting its stride in China.
不管他们做什么，也没法掩盖5G在中国飞速发展的事实。
视线被挡住了
account
from all account 大家都说代替everyone says
He is, from all accounts, not an eligible leader.
大家都说他不是合格的领导者
on no account无论如何...不能...
经常放在句首，后面要倒装
On no account, is racism acceptable
give a good account of oneself表现优异代替have a good performance
She gave a good account of herself in this competition.
of little account不太多，没有多少价值代替not important/meaningful
Being alive is of little account without credibility and responsibility.
如果失去信任和责任，活着没有多少意义。
What he says is of little account.
他说的都是废话
account for占据
Women account for a much greater proportion in nursing than men.
account for 解释说明某件消极的事情
It is resentment over a longtime that accounts for the riot
长期的积怨才是骚乱的原因
take into account/take account of考虑在内
A lot of factors should be carefully taken into account for a successful launch
on account of代替because of
on that account代替because of that
不好
代替bad terrible awful
dreadful mistake 严重的错误
unpleasant experience 糟糕的经历
inferior facilities/service 条件差的设施
crummy job 糟糕的工作
misbehaviour 不当行为
poor quality 劣质
appalling conditions 恶劣的条件
nasty habit 恶习
foul language 脏话
lousy at sth 很不擅长
prioritize
口语
把很多事情按照重要的顺序排列或者安排
If you have a lot of work to do, you need to divide it into smaller tasks, then prioritize them.
写作 环境类
把某件事情放在更重要的位置上 代替 put sth on an important position
The government should prioritize environmental concerns like global warming over economic concerns.
相较于经济问题，政府应该把环境问题放在更重要的位置上
breed
滋生
Poor living conditions breed violence.
Favouritism by teachers is a critical issue in schools where it may not only breed envy but also undermine the confidence of strugglers.
老师的偏袒是学校里很重要的问题，它不仅滋生了嫉妒，而且打击了差生的信心。
a new breed of sth/sb 新型的
The loosened policy has created a new breed of vendors.
宽松的政策孕育出了新型的小商贩
stand
I can't stand it
stand alone 傲视群雄
Both China and America stand alone in the work of anti-pandemic
中国和美国在防疫工作上傲视群雄
stand a chance (of)有...的希望/可能性
后加success survival
If you don't study hard, you will not stand a chance of survival in society.
stand at 处于某种水平线（后加数字）雅思小作文必备
The number of students stood at almost 3.5 million in 2000.
out开头形容词
比较激进，不含蓄
outrageous 令人惊讶的，骇人听闻的
Monopoly always breeds outrageous prices.
垄断总会导致过高的价格
outspoken直言不讳的
Do you think those with outspoken views are silly or should be encouraged?
直言不讳傻不傻？
outdated
When do you think Livestream sales will go outdated?
直播卖货什么时候会过时呢？
staple
主要的 跟食物、产品搭配
staple diet 主食 家常便饭
Instant noodles are served as the staple diet for those building their business from the ground up.
白手起家的创业者们经常把方便面作为他们的主食
Demagoguery has become his staple diet on which he feeds
煽动民情成为了他的家常便饭
provided
代替 if
Teachers can bring out the best in students provided young minds are properly guided and their personality is carefully polished.
老师可以让学生发挥最好的一面，只要孩子们被正确引导而且他们的个性被精心雕琢
lavish
花很多钱准备得
常加食物
lavish party 奢华的派对
lavish banquet 奢华的宴会
lavish dinner 丰盛的晚饭
lavish meal 丰盛的一顿饭
lavish money on 代替 spend much money on
适用于政府类作文
lavish life 挥霍无度的生活
Some rich men are never known for a lavish life, they don't try to appear as filthy rich as they are
一些富豪从不因挥霍无度的生活而闻名，他们不会因富得流油而嘚瑟
scrach
抓、挠、刮、蹭
from scratch在没有得到别人帮助的情况下从头做的事情
set up own business from scratch 白手起家
build a house from scratch
scratch a living 勉强糊口
For those scratching a living, it's ridiculous to think whether the job is satisfactory.
scratch for
Salmon has suddenly become an inviting target for international media scratching for a headline
对苦苦寻找头条新闻的国际媒体来说，三文鱼突然间成为了诱人的目标
oriented
exam-oriented examination 应试教育
money-oriented world
service-oriented jobs 服务业
You are too result-oriented
crumble
破碎 成碎屑
breadcrumbs面包屑
破灭 灭亡 衰弱
dynasty crumbled王朝破灭
industry crumbled 行业逐渐衰弱
power crumbles权力旁落
What makes a man feel terrible impotent is when his dream crumbles
一个人最无奈的时刻是当梦想破灭的时候
crumbling
The tourists are still coming in their droves to gawk at the city's crumbling, period elegance.
旅游者们仍然成群结队地来，目瞪口呆地看着这座城市残留时代的风采
摇摇欲坠
He's just trying to escape from crumbling marriage.
render
使...变得怎样 代替make sth become
render+消极 hopeless helpless impossible
呈现
When VR technology renders images and scenes with high fidelity, it may render screens in the cinema useless
当VR技术呈现出图片和场景的高保真度时，它可能会使电影院的屏幕毫无价值
relationship
build/establish a relationship建立关系
develop the close/intimate/cordial relationship发展亲密关系
Sometimes you need to strengthen the relationship有时你需要巩固关系
maintain the stable relationship维持稳定的关系
If you destroy the long-term relationship, sometimes you need to make every effort to resume the former relationship
seize
seize public attention
seize the public's attention
引起公众的注意
比draw public attention时间短
Let's take a look at recent news seizing public attention
be seized with
某种感受突然袭来+panic fear worry loneliness
seize the chance/opportunity
Chance favours only the prepared mind, but what really matters is to seize the chance and hang in there.
机会只留给有准备的人，但真正重要的是抓住机会并且坚持下去
强迫
force
compel
compel sb to do sth
sb be compelled to do sth
compelling
引人入胜
The movie is so compelling that I could scarcely take my eyes off the screen for a second.
The novel is so compelling that I could scarcely put it down.
subtle
说不出来的感觉，微妙的
a subtle influence 不知不觉的、潜移默化的影响
a subtle taste/smell/flavour 说不出来的味道
a subtle hint of garlic onion ginger
Can you spot any subtle difference?你能找出任何不同吗？
subtle disease/virus
subtle change 说不出来的变化
take a subtle approach 采取巧妙的方式
go+
go astray 误入歧途
A lot of compelling evidence in some country has shown that people can sometimes go astray even spin out of control
go awry出错、出问题
When a country's medical system goes awry, it will bring about catastrophic consequences.
go AWOL=absent without leave 开小差
The moment you go AWOL is when you get sacked.
inspire
inspire sb to do sth激励某人做某事
跟provoke很像，但provoke后加消极情绪。
His charisma inspires respect.
他强大的气场让人肃然起敬
inspire envy
inspire kindness
The technological development in China inspires envy in the developed world
中国的科技发展引来了发达世界的妒忌
Mother Teresa was the kind of person who inspired kindness.
not inspire confidence让人没有信心
His trembling voice doesn't inspire confidence.
inspired by
Inspired by the slogan "I can't breathe" that struck a profound chord in people there have been protests all across the world.
sluggish
懒癌患者
反应慢，动作慢，无精打采
The sluggish response to the virus has allowed its unfettered spread in some western countries. And ironically, no one seems responsible for sluggish mitigation.
对病毒的缓慢反应使得它在一些西方国家毫无阻碍的传播。让人哭笑不得的是，似乎没有人对迟缓的应对措施背锅。
Given the sluggish economies in these countries, the economic recovery is bound to be sluggish while Chinese economic groth is expected to pick up.
考虑到这些国家的萧条经济，经济恢复也必然缓慢。然而中国经济增长预计重新换得生机。
egregious
=terrible+noticeable
On no account, should those doing something truly egregious be let off
那些做坏事的人决不能宽大处理
egregious = terrible siuation
后加example，用在食品安全，犯罪类作文中
An egregious example of this is Mr. Tong whose cheating sandal produced a strong sensation on the Internet.
一个极其明显的例子是舞弊丑闻在网上引起轩然大波的仝先生
fiddle
游手好闲，虚度光阴
fiddle around
While you are fiddling and giggling at the videos on the phone, some people are striving for their dreams. This is also what widens the gap between the rich and poor. The rich serve consistent output of entertainment for the poor and the poor get palpable sense of pleasure and relief from it. What a grim reality!
当你没啥事对着手机上的视频咯咯笑的时候，有些人正为他们的梦想奋斗。这也会拉大贫富差距。富人给穷人提供源源不断的娱乐，穷人很容易从中得到快乐和解脱。多么残酷的事实啊
specialize
specialize in
My videos specialize in vocabularies
The shop specializes in sportswear
The restaurant specializes in roast duck
The teacher who is hiking there specializes in mathematics.
否定前缀mal-
malfunction 功能失调，运转失灵
When you don't feel like eating, it's probably a sign og ypur body malfunction
当你没胃口的时候，可能身体出现了一些问题。
malpractice 玩忽职守
接在medical之后
medical malpractice医疗过失
Today, women are crazy about the plastic surgery, but they have to take the risk from medical malpractice that create quite a number of victims every year.
现在的女性都热衷于整容，但是他们也要承担每年造成相当多受害者的医疗事故风险
malnourished 营养不良的
用在慈善类的作文
The money should be donated to those poor and malnourished children who are very likely to succumb to vital diseases.
动词+of
dispose of 处理 代替 throw away
环境类写作必备单词
It's not advisable to dispose of masks at the detriment of environment.
损坏环境的口罩处理方式是不可取的
conceive of 构思，想象 代替think of / imagine
When all the focus is on achievements of successful people, it's hard to conceive of all the work they had to start off from scratch.
当所有的焦点都集中在成功人士的成就时很难想象他们从身无分文开始做的一切事情。
approve of 同意
My parents approve of my boyfriend
我的父母认可我的男友
My parents approve of our marriage
我父母同意我们的婚事
come through
等待某种结果的出现
As long as the diagnostic report hasn't cone through, I'll not be penned in my room.
只要诊断结果没出来，我不会关在房间里
虽然有困难但是达成了某件事情
She hasn't practised for a couple of days, but she still came through with the best performance in this contest.
她好几天没练习，但本次比赛，她仍展现了最佳的表演。
某种感情从心中油然而生
The love he felt for her came through when he was looking at her
当他看她时，他流露出对她的爱
The thirst for life came through when she was crying out on the phone.
打电话时的哭喊，不禁流露出了她对生命的渴望。
永恒与短暂
perpetual spring 四季如春
perpetual 不断更新迭代的永恒
endless 无穷无尽的
a permanent job 铁饭碗
So do you want to get a permanent job or freelance
你想要固定工作还是自由职业？
eternal youth 永远年轻
eternal 永恒届的极致
transient population 流动人口
momentary relief 短暂的缓解
a temporary job 临时工
a fleeting moment 短暂的瞬间
Don't you think life is a fleeting moment?
reside
居住于 代替live
People tend to reside in densely populated communities, leading to the escalation of housing prices in these area.
人们喜欢居住在人口密集的社区，这会导致这些地区的房价的上升。
存在于
His talent resides in his storytelling abilities
他的才能可以从他讲故事的能力中体现出来。
Happiness doesn't reside in strength or money
幸福不在于权力或金钱
come
come about来（贬义）
How does this mess come about?
这些乱糟糟的都是怎么来的？
come across偶遇
Yesterday, I came across Jack Ma.
昨天我邂逅了杰克马
对某个人的印象
He comes across as a womanizer
他看起来像色狼
come apart一块一块地裂开
A shoe comes apart
A cookie comes apart
come down to归结为 表达负面情绪时用
All of this is coming down to your inability to think quickly and clearly
所有这些归结为你没有清晰的想法和快速的判断
come down with得（疾病）
Come down with the flu.
得流感
come off掉下来
A button has come off the shirt.
come out出来
The result has come out.
come up财政上的起色
It's very hard to come up when you are living paycheck-to-paycheck
领固定工资很难让你积累财富
come up with提出
Come up with an idea
Come up with a proposal
integral
an integral part of sth写作必备高分句型
不可或缺的组成部分
Music is an integral part of children's education
音乐是儿童教育不可或缺的组成部分
integrate动词
integrate A into B 把A 融入到 B
integrity 名词 完整性
protect/preserve the integrity of sth.
保护某物的完好（完整性）
后加information system culture等
ruthless
冷酷无情
It's very hard to reconcile his soft-spoken manners with his being ruthless (ruthelessness) at work
他温柔话语和工作中的铁面无情大相径庭
reconcile A with B调和A和B，让A和B保持一致
be hard to reconcile A with B很难让A和B保持一致
cynical
因后天的影响而养成的自私，怀疑别人甚至愤世嫉俗
It's very hard not to become more cynical as we get older, especially when you experience something farcical in life, which skews your outlook. You start question this world and the motives of others. And this is where cynicism arises.
随着年龄增加，我们越感觉世态炎凉，特别是当你经历某件荒诞至极的事情改变你的看法时。你开始怀疑这个世界，和其他人的动机。这些就是犬儒主义产生的原因。
cynical about怀疑
Cynical about love
sb is cynical about sth because...