Android中级——MVVM

MVVM是什么？

Model-View-ViewMode架构，可看作MVP改进版，将此前Presenter的逻辑操作交给ViewMode中的Binder去处理

• Mode：封装数据存储及相关操作逻辑，与MVC/MVP不同的是会提供一系列实体类与UI绑定，ViewModel修改这些数据后将数据变化告诉View
• View：处理界面逻辑但不参与业务逻辑，显示ViewModel提供的数据
• ViewModel：视图模型与视图状态的合称，为View提供一个可供显示的数据模型并收集、处理这些数据，内部的Binder用于双向绑定，还可包含多个Child ViewModel

MVVM实现

前提

在build.gradle中android节点添加如下代码（最低SDK版本为API7，Gradle版本为1.5.0-alpha1）

dataBinding{
    enabled = true
}

Model

创建数据实体类LoginInfo

• 继承BaseObservable
• getXXX()方法通过@Bindable注解表示该方法所返回的数据被修改时会更新UI
• setXXX()方法调用notifyPropertyChanged()告诉DataBinding该字段被更改

public class LoginInfo extends BaseObservable {
    private String mUser;
    private String mPassword;

    public LoginInfo(String user, String password) {
        mUser = user;
        mPassword = password;
    }

    @Bindable
    public String getUser() {
        return mUser;
    }

    public void setUser(String user) {
        mUser = user;
        notifyPropertyChanged(BR.user);
    }

    @Bindable
    public String getPassword() {
        return mPassword;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        mPassword = password;
        notifyPropertyChanged(BR.password);
    }
}

ViewModel

LoginModel封装维护LoginInfo、点击事件、文本改变事件

public class LoginModel {
    private static final String DEF_USER = "song";
    private static final String DEF_PASSWORD = "123";
    public LoginInfo mInfo;
    private OnLoginListener mListener;

    public LoginModel(OnLoginListener listener) {
        mListener = listener;
        mInfo = new LoginInfo("", "");
    }

    public TextWatcher getUserTextWatcher() {
        return new TextWatcher() {
            @Override
            public void beforeTextChanged(CharSequence s, int start, int count, int after) {

            }

            @Override
            public void onTextChanged(CharSequence s, int start, int before, int count) {

            }

            @Override
            public void afterTextChanged(Editable s) {
                mInfo.setUser(s.toString());
            }
        };
    }

    public TextWatcher getPasswordTextWatcher() {
        return new TextWatcher() {
            @Override
            public void beforeTextChanged(CharSequence s, int start, int count, int after) {

            }

            @Override
            public void onTextChanged(CharSequence s, int start, int before, int count) {

            }

            @Override
            public void afterTextChanged(Editable s) {
                mInfo.setPassword(s.toString());
            }
        };
    }

    public interface OnLoginListener {
        void onLoginSuccess();

        void onLoginFail();
    }

    public void onLoginClick(View view) {
        if (mInfo.getUser().equals(DEF_USER) && mInfo.getPassword().equals(DEF_PASSWORD)) {
            mListener.onLoginSuccess();
        } else {
            mListener.onLoginFail();
        }
    }
}

View

xml文件根节点变为layout，布局分为

• 数据部分：声明所使用到的数据实体类以及构造该对象时的引用名
• UI部分：常规控件，可直接使用数据实体类对象中的字段、方法

MainActivity开启线程3秒后修改数据会显示在UI

• 通过DataBindingUtil.setContentView设置布局，布局名字为R.layout.ab_cd，则对应类为AbCdBinding，为其设置Model

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements LoginModel.OnLoginListener {
    private static final String TAG = "MainActivity";
    
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        ActivityMainBinding binding = DataBindingUtil.setContentView(this, R.layout.activity_main);
        LoginModel model = new LoginModel(this);
        binding.setModel(model);
        new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                SystemClock.sleep(3000);
                model.mInfo.setUser("New User");
                model.mInfo.setPassword("New Password");
            }
        }).start();
    }
    
    @Override
    public void onLoginSuccess() {
        Log.d(TAG, "onLoginSuccess: ");
    }
    
    @Override
    public void onLoginFail() {
        Log.d(TAG, "onLoginFail: ");
    }
}