Stable Diffusion

1.主界面功能介绍

2.咒语一：

安装完毕，先来个咒语体验下。实践才是解决疑问的最好方案。
正向：
masterpiece, best quality,

通用反向提示词：保底不出古神
lowres, bad anatomy, bad hands, text, error, missing fingers, extra digit, fewer digits, cropped, worst quality, low quality, normal quality, jpeg artifacts, signature, watermark, username, blurry

另外，你可能会看到别人发的 Tag 里面会有一些符号？比如大小括号等等。
这属于进阶用法，这里仅仅简单提及一下。以 girl 这个 Tag 作为例子。

• (girl) 加权重，这里是1.1倍。括号是可以叠加的，如（(girl)) 加很多权重。1.1*1.1=1.21倍
• [girl] 减权重，一般用的少。减权重也一般就用下面的指定倍数。
• (girl:1.5) 指定倍数，这里是1.5倍的权重。还可以 (girl:0.9) 达到减权重的效果

3.参数

3.1 采样步数

不需要太大，一般在50以内。通常28是一个不错的值。

采样器没有优劣之分，但是他们速度不同。全看个人喜好。推荐的是图中圈出来的几个，速度效果都不错。

3.2 提示词系数和随机种子

提示词相关性代表你输入的 Tag 对画面的引导程度有多大，可以理解为 “越小AI越自由发挥”太大会出现锐化、线条变粗的效果。太小AI就自由发挥了，不看 Tag。

随机种子是 生成过程中所有随机性的源头 每个种子都是一幅不一样的画。默认的 -1 是代表每次都换一个随机种子。由随机种子，生成了随机的噪声图，再交给AI进行画出来。

4.魔法书

https://tags.novelai.dev/

5.模型

不同的模型会带来不同的画风、认识不同的概念（人物/物体/动作），这是模型众多的原因。
常说的NovelAI就是特指NovelAI制作的一款日系二次元特化的模型。
而 stable-diffusion 1.5/2.0 这些模型是较为通用的、现实模型，无法画出二次元图片。

5.1 模型介绍

当前，常见的模型可以分为两大类：大模型，用于微调大模型的小型模型。
这里的大模型特指标准的 latent-diffusion 模型。拥有完整的 TextEncoder、U-Net、VAE。

由于想要炼制、微调（finetune）大模型十分困难，需要好显卡、算力，所以更多的人选择去炼制小型模型。这些小型模型通过作用在大模型的不同部分，来简单的修改大模型，从而达到目的。

常见的用于微调大模型的小型模型又分为以下几种：Textual inversion (常说的Embedding模型)、Hypernetwork模型、LoRA模型。

此外，还有一种叫做 VAE 的模型，通常来讲 VAE 可以看做是类似滤镜一样的东西。他会影响出图的画面的色彩和某些极其微小的细节。大模型本身里面就自带 VAE 的，但是一些融合模型的 VAE 烂掉了 （典型：Anything-v3），需要外置 VAE 的覆盖来救救。有时画面发灰就是因为这个原因。
VAE, Variational autoencoder。变分自编码器，负责将潜空间的数据转换为正常图像。

由于模型的种类不同、作用位置也不同，所以想要使用这些模型文件必须分清这些模型类别，并且正确的使用对应的方法模型才会生效。
如何区分这些模型对新手来说是一件非常困难的事情，因为他们都可以拥有一样的后缀名（下一节将详细展开说明）。通常没有专业知识的人员应该通过文件大小来简单判断模型类别。

5.2 模型种类及使用方法一览

模型后缀名之谜

目前，常见的 AI绘画 用模型后缀名有如下几种：

1. ckpt
2. pt
3. pth
4. safetensors
5. （特殊）webui 特殊模型保存方法：PNG、WEBP图片格式。

暂且抛开第五种不谈。这几种后缀名都是标准的模型，从后缀名是无法判断具体是哪一种类的模型。

其中，1,2,3 这三种是 pytorch[2] 的标准模型保存格式，由于使用了 Pickle，会有一定的安全风险（自行百度：pickle反序列化攻击）。第四种为一种新型的模型格式，正如同他的名字，safe。为了解决前面的这几种模型的安全风险而出现的。safetensors 格式与 pytorch 的模型可以通过工具进行任意转换，只是保存数据的方式不同，内容数据没有任何区别。

Pytorch, 深度学习框架 https://pytorch.org/

常见模型种类及使用方法

1.大模型。

常见格式为 ckpt，一个字，大。大小在GB级别，常见有 2G、4G、7G模型。
模型大小不代表模型质量
使用方法：放在这个文件夹内。
B:\stable diffusion\5月15日更新\sd-webui-aki-v4.1\models\Stable-diffusion
在 webui 左上角选择对应的模型。
部分合并出来的大模型VAE烂掉了，画面会发灰，这时候需要你去设置中手动选择vae并应用保存。

2.Embedding (Textual inversion)

俗称的 embedding 模型。常见格式为 pt、png图片、webp图片。大小一般在 KB 级别。
使用方法：
放在这个文件夹里面：B:\stable diffusion\5月15日更新\sd-webui-aki-v4.1\embeddings
生成图片的时候需要带上 模型文件名 作为 tag。
例如，上面这张图里面的 shiratama_at_2-3000.pt 这个模型，使用的时候就需要带上这个tag：shiratama_at_2-3000

3.Hypernetwork

常见格式为 pt。大小一般在几十兆到几百兆不等。由于这种模型可以自定义的参数非常之多，一些离谱的 Hypernetwork 模型可以达到 GB 级别。
使用方法：放在这个文件夹内：B:\stable diffusion\5月15日更新\sd-webui-aki-v4.1\models\hypernetworks
旧版的时候在设置里面可以找到选项，选择对应的即可使用。

4.LoRA

常见格式为 pt、ckpt。大小一般在8mb~144mb不等。
使用方法：目前有两种用法。

1. 一种是插件方式使用，参考这个视频。
   https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1Py4y1d7eJ/

2. 另一种是新版本，原生支持lora。
   模型需要放在 models/Lora 文件夹。
   使用方法如图所示，点击一个模型以后会向提示词列表添加类似这么一个tag， lora:模型名:权重 也可以直接用这个tag调用lora模型。
   

5.VAE模型

常见格式为 .pt
使用方法：将其放在 B:\stable diffusion\5月15日更新\sd-webui-aki-v4.1\models/VAE 文件夹。
放置完毕后，在设置页面进行如下选择并保存。

6. 咒语

怪物

正面：
amazing epic ancient Chinese theme, ink style, fantasy style,Free angle， Chinese fairy tale, highly detailed, dynamic, expressive, cinematic, stunning, realistic lighting and shadows, vivid, vibrant, 8K octane rendering, Unreal engine, very detailed, concept art, realistic, crying engine,

美少女

正面
masterpiece,best quality,official art,extremely detailed CG unity 8k wallpaper,(1girl, (very long hair, blonde hair, high ponytail), ((purple eyes, sparkling eyes), light smile), medium breasts, japanese_clothes, slippers, (hand on hip)), walking, in a meadow,

3

masterpiece,best quality,official art,extremely detailed CG unity 8k wallpaper,(alisa ilinichina amiella, (breast conscious, medium breasts), japanese_clothes, slippers, (hand on hip, )), fighting stance, in a meadow,

4

正面
(((masterpiece))), (((best quality))), ((ultra-detailed)), (illustration), (1 girl), (solo), ((an extremely delicate and beautiful)), (beautiful detailed girl), (detailed light), beautiful detailed eyes,beautiful detailed glow,close to viewer,dynamic angle,depth of field ((beautiful detailed sky)),(starry sky), (sunlight), (forest), side blunt bangs, hairs between eyes, buttons, ribbon, bowties, flowers, floating,magic circle, clock, pentagram,(angel), wings, feather, leaves {best quality},{Highest image quality}, {{masterpiece}}, {highres}, {original},{Delicate background},{extremely detailed 8K wallpaper},cinematic lighting,volume lighting,bloom effect,cinematiclighting,light particles,{Extremely uniform picture},{highly detailed},{huge filesize},ray tracing, cinematic lighting, volume lighting, bloom effect, light particles, (((((in the style of Miura Kentarou))))),a cute and mature girl with extraordinary beautiful appearance, with elegant and enigmatic and timid smile,(((with deep black hair))) blunt bangs,{best quality}, {{masterpiece}}, {highres}, original, extremely detailed 8K wallpaper, 1girl, {an extremely delicate and beautiful}, ponytail,small_breasts,yukata,forest,tassel,white_hair,((blue_eye)),smile, {an extremely delicate and beautiful}, extremely detailed CG unity 8k wallpaper,extremely detailed 8K wallpaper,solo,young girl,full body,hugging own legs,cityscape,outdoors,highres,masterpiece,game cg,short_hair,white_hair,looking at viewer,light smile,clenched hands,black_thighhighs,school uniform,plaid skirt,miniskirt,underpants,lace-up boots,bridal gauntlets,hair flower,medium_breasts,{wariza},{straight-on}, A beautiful girl with a warm smile might have long, flowing hair that is shiny and silky to the touch. She might have clear, radiant skin and bright, sparkling eyes that convey her inner beauty and warmth. She might have full, luscious lips that are soft and rosy, and a gentle, warm smile that lights up her face and radiates kindness and happiness. Her body might be slender and graceful, with delicate curves and a lithe, athletic build. She might have a confident, poised demeanor that exudes charm and elegance. In general, a beautiful girl with a warm smile is someone who is physically attractive and radiates inner beauty and kindness.
负面
nsfw, owres, bad anatomy, bad hands, text, error, fewer digits, cropped, worst quality, low quality, normal quality, jpeg artifacts, signature, watermark, username, blurry, missing arms, missing fingers, extra digit, long neck, nude, multiple breasts, (mutated hands and fingers:1.5 ), (long body :1.3), (mutation, poorly drawn :1.2) , black-white, bad anatomy, liquid body, liquid tongue, disfigured, malformed, mutated, anatomical nonsense, text font ui, error, malformed hands, long neck, blurred, lowers, lowres, bad anatomy, bad proportions, bad shadow, uncoordinated body, unnatural body, fused breasts, bad breasts, huge breasts, poorly drawn breasts, extra breasts, liquid breasts, heavy breasts, missing breasts, huge haunch, huge thighs, huge calf, bad hands, fused hand, missing hand, {Multiple people},lowres,bad anatomy,bad hands, text, error, missing fingers,extra digit, fewer digits, cropped, worstquality, low quality, normal quality,jpegartifacts,signature, watermark, username,blurry,bad feet,cropped,poorly drawn hands,poorly drawn face,mutation,deformed,worst quality,low quality,normal quality,jpeg artifacts,signature,watermark,extra fingers,fewer digits,extra limbs,extra arms,extra legs,malformed limbs,fused fingers,too many fingers,long neck,cross-eyed,mutated hands,polar lowres,bad body,bad proportions,gross proportions,text,error,missing fingers,missing arms,missing legs,extra digit, pregnant,ugly,vore,duplicate,extra fingers,fused fingers,too many fingers,mutated hands,poorly drawn face,mutation,bad anatomy,blurry,malformed limbs,disfigured,extra limbs,missing arms,missing legs,extra arms,deformed legs,lowres, bad anatomy, bad hands, text, error, missing fingers, extra digit, fewer digits, cropped, worst quality, low quality, normal quality, jpeg artifacts, signature, watermark, username, blurry, bad feet, missing fngers,extra digt ,fewer digits,low quality,watermark, bad feet,extra fingers,mutated hands,poorly drawn hands,fused fingers,too many fingers，bad anatomy, cropped, wort quality ,low quality,normal quality, jpeg artifacts,signature,watermark, bad feet,mutilated,too many fingers,malformed limbs,more than 2 knee,mutated hands,vore,pregnant,mutilated,morbid,bad proportions,missing legs,extra limbs,multiple breasts, (mutated hands and fingers:1.5 ), (long body :1.3), (mutation, poorly drawn :1.2) , black-white, bad anatomy, liquid tongue, disfigured, error, malformed hands, long neck, blurred, lowres, bad proportions, bad shadow, uncoordinated body, unnatural body, fused breasts, bad breasts, huge breasts, poorly drawn breasts, extra breasts, liquid breasts, heavy breasts, missing breasts, huge haunch, huge thighs, huge calf, bad hands, fused hand, missing hands,poorly drawn hands, pregnant,ugly,vore,duplicate,extra fingers,fused fingers,too many fingers,mutated hands,poorly drawn face,mutation,bad anatomy,blurry,malformed limbs,disfigured,extra limbs,missing arms,missing legs,extra arms,deformed legs,lowres, bad anatomy, bad hands, text, error, missing fingers, extra digit, fewer digits, cropped, worst quality, low quality, normal quality, jpeg artifacts, signature, watermark, username, blurry, bad feet, lowres, bad anatomy, bad hands, text, error, missing fingers, extra digit, fewer digits, cropped, worst quality, low quality, normal quality, jpeg artifacts, signature, watermark, username, blurry, ((Extra ears)),malformed limbs,,poorly drawn face,cloned face,Extra ears, lowres,bad anatomy,bad hands, text, error, missing fingers,extra digit, fewer digits, cropped, worstquality, low quality, normal quality,jpegartifacts,signature, watermark, username,blurry,bad feet, written words, script,writing, written language,word,text font,english,alphabet,letter,text, poorly drawn asymmetric eyes,mutated breasts,(((poorly drawn hands))),((((fused fingers)))),((((extra limbs)))), lowres, bad anatomy, bad hands, text, error, missing fingers, extra digit, fewer digits, cropped, worst quality, low quality, normal quality, jpeg artifacts, signature, watermark, username, blurry, bad feet,ugly,pregnant,vore,duplicate,hermaphrodite,trannsexual,mutilated,morbid,extra fingers,fused fingers,too many fingers,long neck,mutation,poorly drawn face,poorly drawn hands,mutated hands,deformed,blurry,bad anatomy,bad proportions,disfigured,cloned face,extra limbs,malformed limbs,gross proportions,missing arms,missing legs,extra arms,extra legs, chibi,lowres, bad anatomy, bad hands, text, error, missing fingers, extra digit, fewer digits, cropped, worst quality, low quality, normal quality, jpeg artifacts, signature, watermark, username, blurry, bad feet,lowres, bad anatomy, bad hands, text, error, missing fingers, extra digit, fewer digits, cropped, worst quality, low quality, normal quality, jpeg artifacts, signature, watermark, username, blurry, bad feet, censored,fused fingers, one hand with more than 5 fingers, one hand with less than 5 fingers, one hand with more than 5 digit, one hand with less than 5 digit, extra digit, fewer digits, fused digit, missing digit, bad digit, ugly,pregnant,vore,duplicate,morbid,mutilated,trannsexual,hermaphrodite,long neck,too many fingers,fused fingers,extra fingers,mutated hands,poorly drawn hands,poorly drawn face,mutation,bad proportions,bad anatomy,blurry,deformed,malformed limbs,extra limbs,cloned face,disfigured,extra arms,missing legs,missing arms,gross proportions,extra legs,deformed legs,more than 2 knee,multiple breasts, {mutated hands and fingers:1.5 }, {long body :1.3}, {mutation, poorly drawn :1.2} , black-white, bad anatomy, liquid body, liquid tongue, disfigured, malformed, mutated, anatomical nonsense, text font ui, error, malformed hands, long neck, blurred, lowers, lowres, bad anatomy, bad proportions, bad shadow, uncoordinated body, unnatural body, fused breasts, bad breasts, huge breasts, poorly drawn breasts, extra breasts, liquid breasts, heavy breasts, missing breasts, huge haunch, huge thighs, huge calf, bad hands, fused hand, missing hand,

孔雀公主

正面
blue eyes, detailed eyes, peacock wing, [peacock feather gorgeous dress:(peacock feathers):0.65], (disheveled hair), colored tips, colored inner hair, jewelry, intricated filigree, feathers on dress,volumetric lighting, jungle, Tyndall effect, peacock feathers, halation,best quality, (masterpiece:1.35), wallpaper, (illustration), original,
负面
lowres, bad anatomy, bad hands, text, error, missing fingers, extra digit, fewer digits, cropped, worst quality, low quality, normal quality, jpeg artifacts, signature, watermark, username, blurry, bad feet, realistic, 3d, animals, (large breast), blush, long neck