@Autowired:构造器、参数、方法、属性;
1)、[标注在方法位置]:@Bean+方法参数;参数从容器中获取;默认不写@Autowired效果是一样的,都能自动装配
2)、[标在构造器上]:如果组件只有一个有参构造器,这个有参构造器的@Autowired可以省略,参数位置的组件还是可以从容器中获取
3)、[放在参数位置];
第一步、创建bean
//默认加在ioc容器中的组件,容器启动会调用无参构造器创建对象,再进行初始化赋值等操作
@Component
public class Boss {
private Car car;
//构造器要用的组件,都是从容器中获取
//如果只有一个有参构造,默认不写@Autowired效果一样
//@Autowired
public Boss(Car car){
this.car=car;
System.out.println("Boss...有参构造器");
}
public Car getCar() {
return car;
}
//@Autowired
//标注在方法上,Spring容器创建当前对象,就会调用方法,完成赋值;
//方法使用的参数,自定义类型的值从ioc容器中获取
public void setCar(Car car) {
this.car = car;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Boss{" +
"car=" + car +
'}';
}
}
第二步、配置类
/**
* @Bean标注的方法创建对象的时候,方法参数的值从容器中获取
* @param car
* @return
*/
@Bean
public Color color(Car car){
Color color = new Color();
color.setCar(car);
return color;
}
第三步、测试
public class IOCTest_Autowired {
@Test
public void test01(){
AnnotationConfigApplicationContext applicationContext = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(MyConfigOfAutowired.class);
BookService bookService = applicationContext.getBean(BookService.class);
System.out.println(bookService);
// BookDao bookDao = applicationContext.getBean("bookDao");
// System.out.println(bookDao);
Boss boss = applicationContext.getBean(Boss.class);
System.out.println(boss);
Car car = applicationContext.getBean(Car.class);
System.out.println(car);
Color color = applicationContext.getBean(Color.class);
System.out.println(color);
applicationContext.close();
}
}
第四步、运行结果
4)、自定义组件想要使用Spring容器底层的一些组件(ApplicationContext,BeanFactory,xxx);
自定义组件实现xxxAware;在创建对象的时候,会调用接口规定的方法注入相关组件;Aware;
把Spring底层一些组件注入到自定义的Bean中;
xxxAware:功能使用xxxProcessor;
ApplicationContextAware==》ApplicationContextAwareProcessor;
第一步、创建Bean,连接xxxAware接口
@Component //将Red放入到容器中
public class Red implements ApplicationContextAware, BeanNameAware, EmbeddedValueResolverAware {
private ApplicationContext applicationContext;
@Override
public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext applicationContext) throws BeansException {
System.out.println("传入的ioc"+applicationContext);
this.applicationContext = applicationContext;
}
@Override
public void setBeanName(String name) {
System.out.println("当前bean的名字"+name);
}
@Override
public void setEmbeddedValueResolver(StringValueResolver resolver) {
String resolveStringValue = resolver.resolveStringValue("你好${os.name} 我是#{20*18}");
System.out.println("解析的字符串:"+resolveStringValue);
}
}
第二步、测试
public class IOCTest_Autowired {
@Test
public void test01(){
AnnotationConfigApplicationContext applicationContext = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(MyConfigOfAutowired.class);
BookService bookService = applicationContext.getBean(BookService.class);
System.out.println(bookService);
// BookDao bookDao = applicationContext.getBean("bookDao");
// System.out.println(bookDao);
Boss boss = applicationContext.getBean(Boss.class);
System.out.println(boss);
Car car = applicationContext.getBean(Car.class);
System.out.println(car);
Color color = applicationContext.getBean(Color.class);
System.out.println(color);
//xxxAware放入bean的ioc容器名
System.out.println(applicationContext);
applicationContext.close();
}
}
第三步、运行结果
Profile:
Spring为我们提供的可以根据当前环境,动态的激活和切换一系列组件的功能;
开发环境、测试环境、生产环境;
数据源:(/A)(/B) (/C)
@Profile
第一步、创建Profile配置类
@PropertySource("classpath:/dbconfig.properties")//扫描配置文件
@Configuration
public class MyConfigOfProfile implements EmbeddedValueResolverAware {
@Value("${db.user}")
private String user;
//数据解析器
private StringValueResolver valueResolver;
//自定义数据库驱动类-->数据解析器
private String driverClass;
@Bean("testDataSource")
public DataSource dataSourceTest(@Value("${db.password}")String pwd) throws Exception {
ComboPooledDataSource dataSource = new ComboPooledDataSource();
dataSource.setUser(user);
dataSource.setPassword(pwd);
dataSource.setJdbcUrl("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3308/sys");
dataSource.setDriverClass(driverClass);
return dataSource;
}
@Bean("devDataSource")
public DataSource dataSourceDev(@Value("${db.password}") String pwd) throws Exception {
ComboPooledDataSource dataSource = new ComboPooledDataSource();
dataSource.setUser(user);
dataSource.setPassword(pwd);
dataSource.setJdbcUrl("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3308/springboot");
dataSource.setDriverClass(driverClass);
return dataSource;
}
@Bean("prodDataSource")
public DataSource dataSourceProd(@Value("${db.password}") String pwd) throws Exception {
ComboPooledDataSource dataSource = new ComboPooledDataSource();
dataSource.setUser(user);
dataSource.setPassword(pwd);
dataSource.setJdbcUrl("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3308/jdbc");
dataSource.setDriverClass(driverClass);
return dataSource;
}
@Override
public void setEmbeddedValueResolver(StringValueResolver resolver) {
this.valueResolver = resolver;
driverClass = valueResolver.resolveStringValue("${db.driverClass}");
}
}
第二步、导入pom依赖
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/c3p0/c3p0 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>c3p0</groupId>
<artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
<version>0.9.1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/mysql/mysql-connector-java -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.44</version>
</dependency>
**第三步、测试 **
public class IOCTest_Profile {
@Test
public void test01(){
AnnotationConfigApplicationContext applicationContext =
new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(MyConfigOfProfile.class);
//当前容器中有几个数据源
String[] beanNamesForType = applicationContext.getBeanNamesForType(DataSource.class);
for (String name : beanNamesForType) {
System.out.println(name);
}
applicationContext.close();
}
}
第四步、运行结果
@Profile:指定组件在哪个环境的情况下才能被注册到容器中;
以前我们都不指定,任何环境下都能注册这个组件
1)、加了环境标识的bean,只有这个环境被激活的时候才能注册到容器中。默认是default环境—》@Profile(“default”)
①、命令行动态参数:
在虚拟机参数位置加载 -Dspring.profiles.active=test
第二步、在bean上添加@Profile注解,为bean自定义数据库名称
@PropertySource("classpath:/dbconfig.properties")
@Configuration
public class MyConfigOfProfile implements EmbeddedValueResolverAware {
@Value("${db.user}")
private String user;
private StringValueResolver valueResolver;
private String driverClass;
@Profile("test") //被调用数据库名称为test
@Bean("testDataSource")
public DataSource dataSourceTest(@Value("${db.password}")String pwd) throws Exception {
ComboPooledDataSource dataSource = new ComboPooledDataSource();
dataSource.setUser(user);
dataSource.setPassword(pwd);
dataSource.setJdbcUrl("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3308/sys");
dataSource.setDriverClass(driverClass);
return dataSource;
}
@Profile("dev") //被调用数据库名称为dev
@Bean("devDataSource")
public DataSource dataSourceDev(@Value("${db.password}") String pwd) throws Exception {
ComboPooledDataSource dataSource = new ComboPooledDataSource();
dataSource.setUser(user);
dataSource.setPassword(pwd);
dataSource.setJdbcUrl("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3308/springboot");
dataSource.setDriverClass(driverClass);
return dataSource;
}
@Profile("prod") //被调用数据库名称为prod
@Bean("prodDataSource")
public DataSource dataSourceProd(@Value("${db.password}") String pwd) throws Exception {
ComboPooledDataSource dataSource = new ComboPooledDataSource();
dataSource.setUser(user);
dataSource.setPassword(pwd);
dataSource.setJdbcUrl("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3308/jdbc");
dataSource.setDriverClass(driverClass);
return dataSource;
}
@Override
public void setEmbeddedValueResolver(StringValueResolver resolver) {
this.valueResolver = resolver;
driverClass = valueResolver.resolveStringValue("${db.driverClass}");
}
}
第三步、测试
public class IOCTest_Profile {
//1.使用命令行动态参数:在虚拟机参数位置加载 -Dspring.profiles.active=test
//2.
@Test
public void test01(){
AnnotationConfigApplicationContext applicationContext =
new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(MyConfigOfProfile.class);
String[] beanNamesForType = applicationContext.getBeanNamesForType(DataSource.class);
for (String name : beanNamesForType) {
System.out.println(name);
}
applicationContext.close();
}
}
第四步、运行结果
第一步、配置类
/**
* Profile:
* Spring为我们提供的可以根据当前环境,动态的激活和切换一系列组件的功能;
*
* 开发环境、测试环境、生产环境;
* 数据源:(/A)(/B)(/C)
* @Profile:指定组件在哪个环境的情况下才能被注册到容器中;
* 以前我们都不指定,任何环境下都能注册这个组件
*
* 1)、加了环境标识的bean,只有这个环境被激活的时候才能注册到容器中。默认是default环境
* 2)、写在配置类上,只有指定环境的时候,整个配置类里面的所有配置才能开始生效
* 3)、没有标注环境标识的bean,在任何环境下都是加载的。
*/
//@Profile("test")
@PropertySource("classpath:/dbconfig.properties")
@Configuration
public class MyConfigOfProfile implements EmbeddedValueResolverAware {
@Value("${db.user}")
private String user;
private StringValueResolver valueResolver;
private String driverClass;
@Bean
public Yellow yellow(){
return new Yellow();
}
@Profile("test")
@Bean("testDataSource")
public DataSource dataSourceTest(@Value("${db.password}")String pwd) throws Exception {
ComboPooledDataSource dataSource = new ComboPooledDataSource();
dataSource.setUser(user);
dataSource.setPassword(pwd);
dataSource.setJdbcUrl("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/sys");
dataSource.setDriverClass(driverClass);
return dataSource;
}
@Profile("dev")
@Bean("devDataSource")
public DataSource dataSourceDev(@Value("${db.password}") String pwd) throws Exception {
ComboPooledDataSource dataSource = new ComboPooledDataSource();
dataSource.setUser(user);
dataSource.setPassword(pwd);
dataSource.setJdbcUrl("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3308/springboot");
dataSource.setDriverClass(driverClass);
return dataSource;
}
@Profile("prod")
@Bean("prodDataSource")
public DataSource dataSourceProd(@Value("${db.password}") String pwd) throws Exception {
ComboPooledDataSource dataSource = new ComboPooledDataSource();
dataSource.setUser(user);
dataSource.setPassword(pwd);
dataSource.setJdbcUrl("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3308/jdbc");
dataSource.setDriverClass(driverClass);
return dataSource;
}
@Override
public void setEmbeddedValueResolver(StringValueResolver resolver) {
this.valueResolver = resolver;
driverClass = valueResolver.resolveStringValue("${db.driverClass}");
}
}
第二步、测试
public class IOCTest_Profile {
//1.使用命令行动态参数:在虚拟机参数位置加载 -Dspring.profiles.active=test
//2.代码的方式激活某种环境;
@Test
public void test01(){
AnnotationConfigApplicationContext applicationContext =
new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext();
//1. 创建一个applicationContext
//2. 设置需要激活的环境
applicationContext.getEnvironment().setActiveProfiles("test");
//3. 注册主配置类
applicationContext.register(MyConfigOfProfile.class);
//4.启动刷新容器
applicationContext.refresh();
String[] beanNamesForType = applicationContext.getBeanNamesForType(DataSource.class);
for (String name : beanNamesForType) {
System.out.println(name);
}
//没有标注环境标识的bean,在任何环境下都会加载
Yellow yellow = applicationContext.getBean(Yellow.class);
System.out.println("没有标注环境标识的bean==>"+ yellow);
applicationContext.close();
}
}
第三步、运行结果
学习新知识最正确的方式—》看官方文档