特殊疑问句的构成方式
疑问词 + 一般疑问句(或类似一般疑问句) 特殊疑问词必须放在开头
where 在哪里 | what 什么 | why 为什么 |
whose 谁的 | when 什么时候 | whom 谁 |
who 谁 | which 哪一个 | how 如何,怎样 |
注意:在特殊疑问句中,疑问词可以做 主语,宾语,定语,表语,状语等
[ where ] 在哪里,哪里
在特殊疑问句中充当 地点状语,表语,只能用在 主谓宾 结构
① where 做地点状语,只能出现在 主谓宾 的句子
where (地点状语) + 主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 ?
另外 疑问词后面要跟一个 一般疑问句,所以 where 后面的必须有助动词,倒装结构
[例1]:Where do you learn English? 你在哪里学英语?
注意:特殊疑问句也需要考虑时态
1. 一般现在时态 [ where 做地点状语 ]
where 要考虑在一般现在时态的 三单情况
where + do + 主语(非第三人称单数) + 动词原型 + (宾语) + (时间状语)
[例1]:Where do you learn English? 你在哪里学英语?
[例2]:Where do they work every day? 他们在哪里工作?
[例3]:Where do your friends sell clothes? 你朋友在哪里卖衣服?
where + does + 主语(第三人称单数) + 动词原型 + (宾语) + (时间状语)
[例1]:Where does Nick teach English? 尼克在哪里教英语?
[例2]:Where does she bake sweet potatoes every day? 她每天在哪里烤红薯?
2. 一般过去时态 [ where 做地点状语 ]
where + did + 主语 + 动词原型 + (宾语) + (过去的时间状语)
[例1]:Where did you have dinner yesterday? 昨天你在哪里吃饭?
[例2]:Where did she buy this handbag? 她在哪里买这个手提包?
[例3]:Where did he earn money last night? 昨晚他在哪里赚钱?
3. 一般将来时态 [ where 做地点状语 ]
where + will + 主语 + 动词原型 + (宾语) + (将来的时间状语)
[例1]:Where will you have your wedding next year? 明年你在哪里举行婚礼?
[例2]:Where will you have dinner after class? 下课后你在哪里吃饭?
[例3]:Where will she buy a house in the future? 她以后在哪里买房?
where + be + 主语 + going to + 动词原型 + (宾语) + (将来的时间状语)
[例1]:Where is she going to look for a job next month? 下个月她去哪里工作?
[例2]:Where am I going to teach English in the future? 以后我会在哪里教英语?
[例3]:Where are my friends going to bake corn tomorrow?
我的朋友明天在哪里烤玉米?
4. 现在进行时态 [ where 做地点状语 ]
where + is / are / am + 主语 + 动词现在分词 + (宾语)
[例1]:Where is she drinking wine? 她现在在哪里喝酒?
[例2]:Where is your father doing business? 你爸爸在哪里做生意?
[例3]:Where are they having a party? 他们正在哪里举行聚会?
5. 现在完成时态 用的少 [ where 做地点状语 ]
where + has / have + 主语 + 动词过去分词 + 宾语
[例1]:Where has she gone to? 他去哪了?
[例2]:Where has she bought a house? 她已经在哪里买了房?
[例3]:Where have they learned English? 他们已经在哪里学英语?
② where 做表语
where 在特殊疑问句里面可以做表语,需要考虑时态
where(表语) + be + 主语 + 状语
1. 一般现在时态 [ where 做表语 ]
where + is / are / am + 注意
[例1]:Where is your busband? 你丈夫在哪里?
[例2]:Where is my money? 我的钱在哪里?
[例3]:Where are Jeff's lovers? 杰夫的爱人在哪里?
[例4]:Where are his shoes? 他的鞋子在哪里?
[例5]:Where am I now? 我现在在哪里?
2. 一般过去时 [ where 做表语 ]
where + was / were + 主语 + 过去的时间状语?
[例1]:Where were you last night? 你昨晚在哪里?
[例2]:Where was she just now? 你刚才在哪里?
[例3]:Where were my pens just now? 刚才我的钢笔在哪里?
3. 一般将来时态 [ where 做表语 ]
where + will + be + 主语 where + will + 主语 + be
[例1]:Where will my car be tomorrow? 明天我的车会在哪里?
[例1]:Where will be my car tomorrow?
4. 现在完成时态 很少 [ where 做表语 ]
where + have / has + 主语 + been
[例1]:Where have you been ? 你去哪里了?
[ what ] 什么
在特殊疑问句中充当 宾语,表语,主语
① what 做宾语
what(宾语) + 助动词 + 主语 + 及物动词
1. 一般现在时态 [ what 做宾语 ]
what + do + 主语(非三单) + 及物动词原型 + 状语
[例1]:What do you eat every day? 你每天吃什么?
[例2]:What do you do? 你是做什么的?
[例3]:What do you learn? 你学什么?
[例4]:What do you listen to? 你听什么?
what + does + 主语(三单) + 及物动词原型 + 状语
[例1]:What does Jeff like? 杰夫喜欢什么?
[例2]:What does your wife like? 你老婆喜欢什么?
2. 一般过去时 [ what 做宾语 ]
what + did + 主语 + 及物动词原形 + 过去的时间状语
[例1]:What did you eat just now? 你刚才吃什么?
[例2]:What did they see last night? 你们昨晚看见什么?
[例3]:What did you read yesterday? 你昨天看了什么书?
3. 一般将来时态 [ what 做宾语 ]
what + will + 主语 + 及物动词的原型 + 将来的时间状语
what + is / are / am + 主语 + going to + 及物动词原型 + 将来的时间状语
[例1]:What will you eat tomorrow? 你明天吃什么?
[例2]:What will we do next week? 你下个星期我们做什么?
[例3]:What will she borrow tomorrow? 明天她要借什么?
[例4]:What is she going to write? 你准备写什么?
4. 现在进行时态 [ what 做宾语 ]
what + is / are / am + 主语 + 及物动词的现在分词
[例1]:What are you doing ? 你在做什么?
[例2]:What are you saying ? 你在说什么?
[例3]:What is she thinking ? 她在想什么?
[例4]:What are they writing ? 他们在写什么?
[例5]:What is he looking at ? 他在看什么?
5. 现在完成时态 [ what 做宾语 ]
what + has / have + 主语 + 及物动词的过去分词
[例1]:What have you done? 你到底做了什么?
[例2]:What has he eaten? 他吃了什么?
注意:what 做宾语,特殊疑问句就没有宾语了,但如果是双宾动词(一个表示人的间接宾语 一个表示物的直接宾语),what 一般做表示物的直接宾语
what + 助动词 + 主语 + 双宾动词 + 表示人的宾语
do,does,will + 主语 + 双宾动词原型 + sb
is,are,am + 主语 + 双宾动词现在分词 + sb
have,has + 主语 + 双宾动词过去分词 + sb
[例1]:What are you going to tell me? 你要告诉我什么
[例2]:What did she teach you ? 她教你什么?
[例3]:What did she give you just now? 她刚刚给你什么?
② what 做表语
what 特殊疑问句里面做表语,what 做表语用的不多,用在一般现在时态里
what + be + 主语
[例1]:What is this beautiful thing? 这个漂亮的东西是什么?
[例2]:What is this strange ball? 这个奇怪的球是什么?
[例3]:What is this tool? 这个工具叫什么?
[例4]:What is your name? 你的名字叫什么?
[例5]:What is your plan? 你的计划是什么?
[例6]:What are the name of these things? 这些东西的名字是什么?
[ why ] 为什么
why 在一般疑问句中,主要做 原因状语,偶尔做 主语,
① why 在主谓宾句型
1. 一般现在时态 [ why 做原因状语 ]
why + do / does + 主语 + 动词原型 + 宾语 三单用does,非三单用do
[例1]:Why do you lean English? 你为什么学英语?
[例2]:Why do you love me? 你为什么爱我?
[例3]:Why does she buy shoes in taobao.com? 她为什么经常在淘宝买衣服?
[例4]:Why do you love her? 你为什么爱她?
2. 一般过去时态 [ why 做原因状语 ]
why + did + 主语 + 动词原型 + (宾语) + 过去的时间状语
[例1]:Why did you tell me this story just now? 你刚才为什么跟我将这个故事
[例2]:Why did you go to Beijing last year? 去年你为什么去北京?
[例3]:Why did you sleep / stay up so late last night? 昨晚你为什么那么晚睡觉?
[例4]:Why did you but this book? 你为什么买这本书?
3. 一般将来时态 [ why 做原因状语 ]
why + will + 主语 + 动词原型 + 宾语 + 将来的时间状语
why + is / am / are + 主语 + going to + 动词原型 + 宾语 + 将来的时间状语
[例1]:Why will you leave the company next year? 明年你为什么要离开公司
[例1]:Why are you going to leave the company next year?
4. 现在进行时态 [ why 做原因状语 ]
why + is / are / am + 主语 + 动词的现在分词 + (宾语)
[例1]:Why is she singing so loudly? 为什么她现在如此大声地唱歌?
[例2]:Why are they hitting the man? 他们为什么在打这个男的?
5. 现在完成时态 [ why 做原因状语 ]
② why 在主系表句型
1. 一般现在时态 [ why 做原因状语 ]
why + is / are / am + 主语 + 表语 + (时间状语)?
[例1]:Why are you so sad now? 你为什么如此伤心?
[例2]:Why is she so rich? 她为什么那么有钱?
[例3]:Why am I so poor? 我为什么那么穷?
[例4]:Why are you so angry? 你为什么那么生气啊?
2. 一般过去时态 [ why 做原因状语 ]
why + was / were + 主语 + 表语 + 过去地时间状语
[例1]:Why was she late just now? 她刚才为什么迟到?
[例2]:Why were you silent just now? 你刚才为什么不说话?