conda创建pytorch环境报错

昨天训练数据的时候，发现Anaconda占用C盘达到了20G（暑假在cmd状态下安装的，默认下载到了C盘），心道再创建几个环境，C盘就要爆红了，于是重装Anaconda到了D盘，不过之后的初始化并不顺利--创建pytorch环境总是失败，网上查阅了许多资料：配置path环境变量，关闭VPN，.condarc文件删除或添加路径，更换清华源等等都无果。报错如下：

>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> ERROR REPORT <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<
    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "C:\Users\86150\anaconda3\Lib\site-packages\conda\exception_handler.py", line 17, in __call__
        return func(*args, **kwargs)
               ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
      File "C:\Users\86150\anaconda3\Lib\site-packages\conda\cli\main.py", line 54, in main_subshell
        parser = generate_parser(add_help=True)
                 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
      File "C:\Users\86150\anaconda3\Lib\site-packages\conda\cli\conda_argparse.py", line 127, in generate_parser
        configure_parser_plugins(sub_parsers)
      File "C:\Users\86150\anaconda3\Lib\site-packages\conda\cli\conda_argparse.py", line 354, in configure_parser_plugins
        else set(find_commands()).difference(plugin_subcommands)
                 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
      File "C:\Users\86150\anaconda3\Lib\site-packages\conda\cli\find_commands.py", line 71, in find_commands
        for entry in os.scandir(dir_path):
                     ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
    OSError: [WinError 123] 文件名、目录名或卷标语法不正确。: 'D:\\1瀵邦喕淇?缁嬪\ue0c5绨璡瀵邦喕淇妛eb瀵\ue1b9偓閸欐垼鈧\ue100懎浼愰崗绌僤ll'
 
`$ C:\Users\86150\anaconda3\Scripts\conda-script.py config --set show_channel_urls yes`
 
  environment variables:
                 CIO_TEST=
                CLASSPATH=.;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_221\bin;C:\Program
                          Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_221\lib\dt.jar;C:\Program
                          Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_221\lib\tools.jar;D:\sqljdbc4\sqljdbc4.jar
        CONDA_DEFAULT_ENV=pytorch
                CONDA_EXE=C:\Users\86150\anaconda3\condabin\..\Scripts\conda.exe
               CONDA_EXES="C:\Users\86150\anaconda3\condabin\..\Scripts\conda.exe"
             CONDA_PREFIX=C:\Users\86150\anaconda3\envs\pytorch
           CONDA_PREFIX_1=C:\Users\86150\anaconda3
    CONDA_PROMPT_MODIFIER=(pytorch)
         CONDA_PYTHON_EXE=C:\Users\86150\anaconda3\python.exe
               CONDA_ROOT=C:\Users\86150\anaconda3
              CONDA_SHLVL=2
           CURL_CA_BUNDLE=
                 HOMEPATH=\Users\86150
               LD_PRELOAD=
                NODE_PATH=D:\1微信小程序\node\node_global\node_modules
                     PATH=C:\Users\86150\anaconda3\envs\pytorch;C:\Users\86150\anaconda3\envs\py
                          torch\Library\mingw-
                          w64\bin;C:\Users\86150\anaconda3\envs\pytorch\Library\usr\bin;C:\Users
                          \86150\anaconda3\envs\pytorch\Library\bin;C:\Users\86150\anaconda3\env
                          s\pytorch\Scripts;C:\Users\86150\anaconda3\envs\pytorch\bin;C:\Users\8
                          6150\anaconda3\condabin;E:\;E:\VM\bin;E:\app\Qracleinstall\product\12.
                          2.0\dbhome_1\bin;C:\Program Files\Microsoft MPI\Bin;C:\WINDOWS\system3
                          2;C:\WINDOWS;C:\WINDOWS\System32\Wbem;C:\WINDOWS\System32\WindowsPower
                          Shell\v1.0;C:\WINDOWS\System32\OpenSSH;E:\bin;C:\Program
                          Files\Microsoft SQL Server\Client SDK\ODBC\130\Tools\Binn;C:\Program
                          Files (x86)\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.5\bin;C:\Program
                          Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_221\bin;D:\apache-
                          tomcat-9.0.37-windows-x64\apache-tomcat-9.0.37\bin;C:\Program
                          Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_221\jre\bin;C:\Program Files\dotnet;C:\Program
                          Files\Microsoft SQL Server\Client SDK\ODBC\170\Tools\Binn;D:\x64\瀵邦喕淇妛
                          eb瀵偓閸欐垼鈧懎浼愰崗绌僤ll;D:\1瀵邦喕淇?缁嬪绨璡瀵邦喕淇妛eb瀵偓閸欐垼鈧懎浼愰崗绌僤ll;D:\1瀵邦喕淇婄亸蹇曗柤
                          ;\node;C:\Program Files (x86)\MySQL;D:\Git\Git\cmd;E:\Xshell;C:\Users\
                          86150\anaconda3;C:\Users\86150\anaconda3\Library\mingw-
                          w64\bin;C:\Users\86150\anaconda3\Library\usr\bin;C:\Users\86150\anacon
                          da3\Library\bin;C:\Users\86150\anaconda3\Scripts;D:\Python\python3.11.
                          5\Scripts;D:\Python\python3.11.5;C:\Users\MySQL\MySQL Server 8.0\bin;C
                          :\Users\86150\AppData\Local\Microsoft\WindowsApps;.;C:\Users\86150\.do
                          tnet\tools;C:\Users\86150\AppData\Local\Microsoft\WindowsApps;D:\1瀵邦喕淇
                          婄亸蹇曗柤鎼村猾node\node_global;E:\Python\PyCharm Community Edition
                          2023.1.3\bin;.;C:\Users\86150\Python 3.11;D:\Microsoft VS Code\bin
             PSMODULEPATH=C:\Program Files\WindowsPowerShell\Modules;C:\WINDOWS\system32\Windows
                          PowerShell\v1.0\Modules;C:\Users\86150\Desktop\编程;
       REQUESTS_CA_BUNDLE=
            SSL_CERT_FILE=C:\Users\86150\anaconda3\Library\ssl\cacert.pem
 
     active environment : pytorch
    active env location : C:\Users\86150\anaconda3\envs\pytorch
            shell level : 2
       user config file : C:\Users\86150\.condarc
 populated config files : C:\Users\86150\.condarc
          conda version : 23.7.4
    conda-build version : 3.26.1
         python version : 3.11.5.final.0
       virtual packages : __archspec=1=x86_64
                          __win=0=0
       base environment : C:\Users\86150\anaconda3  (writable)
      conda av data dir : C:\Users\86150\anaconda3\etc\conda
  conda av metadata url : None
           channel URLs : https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/main/win-64
                          https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/main/noarch
                          https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/r/win-64
                          https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/r/noarch
                          https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/msys2/win-64
                          https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/msys2/noarch
          package cache : C:\Users\86150\anaconda3\pkgs
                          C:\Users\86150\.conda\pkgs
                          C:\Users\86150\AppData\Local\conda\conda\pkgs
       envs directories : C:\Users\86150\anaconda3\envs
                          C:\Users\86150\.conda\envs
                          C:\Users\86150\AppData\Local\conda\conda\envs
               platform : win-64
             user-agent : conda/23.7.4 requests/2.31.0 CPython/3.11.5 Windows/10 Windows/10.0.19045
          administrator : False
             netrc file : None
           offline mode : False
 
 
An unexpected error has occurred. Conda has prepared the above report.
If you suspect this error is being caused by a malfunctioning plugin,
consider using the --no-plugins option to turn off plugins.
 
Example: conda --no-plugins install 
 
Alternatively, you can set the CONDA_NO_PLUGINS environment variable on
the command line to run the command without plugins enabled.
 
Example: CONDA_NO_PLUGINS=true conda install 
 
If submitted, this report will be used by core maintainers to improve
future releases of conda.
Would you like conda to send this report to the core maintainers? [y/N]:
 
No report sent. To permanently opt-out, use
 
    $ conda config --set report_errors false

又看到安装Anaconda时，选择JUST ME默认环境路径在annconda/env下，而选择ALL USERS默认环境路径则在C盘.anaconda/env文件夹下。卸载后又重装了Anaconda，先是选择JUST ME，报相同的错误，又重装后选择ALL USERS，创建pytorch还是相同的错误。

无奈之下，再次把Anaconda安装到C盘，这时候执行conda create -n pytorch python=3.8命令是没问题的，环境可以成功创建。conda activate pytorch激活环境也没问题，不过最重要的一步--安装torch又出错了，pytorch官网的conda代码，清华源，华科源都报相同的错误（上述代码）。Google/GitHub/CSDN/Stack Overflow/博客园等等都查了一遍，都没出现过类似的问题。晚上睡觉的时候心想难道要重装下系统？

还好山重水复疑无路，下午在知乎浏览技术贴的时候看到一句话“pip 或者 conda的时候经常被混合使用，这两者也通常被认为是几乎相同的，尽管他们的很多功能是重叠的。“

突然意识到pip install 和conda install的功能应该是相同的。兴致冲冲在Anaconda Prompt命令行键入：pip3 install torch torchvision torchaudio，等待一段时间后torch终于下载成功。又进入python环境中导入的torch包，输出了torch的版本号

>>> import torch
>>> torch.__version__
'2.1.1+cpu'

这下终于尘埃落定，解决掉这个难题了。