不可疲劳驾驶

2022-03-12
近半年中，出现过两次疲劳驾驶险些发生事故的情况。

1. 在午后出行，结果明明停下来了，结果车子还是向前动了一下，结果抵在了前面的车后。好在只是轻轻地碰上了。女司机下来检查了车辆，说是把自己的车子已经推前了一段距离。我还以为只是轻轻地碰了一下而已。不过这一瞬间我是清醒过来了。司机疑惑地看了我，并说：你没喝酒吗？ 我赶快表明：真的没喝。只是午后的困乏。结局是好的：司机检查后发现没问题，就没有继续纠缠。(这让我想起来多年前在XD校园内，和某老师的车子后视镜相互碰了一下，结果人家就要求我一定陪人家。事后想想，真是无理!)

   
   
   f3e3413e3d954b08b8d0246bad7e382f.jpeg

2. 去医院陪孩子配眼镜回来的路上。那医院的人太多了，前面已有过描述。感觉一天就是在缺氧的状态下生存。且由于中午没得到休息，回来的路上在等红绿灯时停下来，一闭眼就没知觉了。等绿灯亮了后且前车已车出好远，儿子发现我还没行动，就大喊提醒了一声。我也是瞬间清醒了。但想想那时真的可能睡过去了。回想一下，当时一定是如图的情形。

   
   
   下载.jpg

以上两次都在城市内，如果在高速，后果不堪设想。所以， 不可疲劳驾驶需牢记心中!

---

以下列出了一些可能的追尾(rear-end car accident)的原因：但竟然没列出疲劳驾驶。
https://herrlingclark.com/what-are-the-most-common-causes-of-rear-end-collisions/
A variety of reckless driving habits and other factors can play a role in causing a rear-end car accident, including:

• Tailgating: One driver may follow another car too closely. This greatly decreases a person’s reaction time, and they may not be able to avoid a collision if the car they are following slows down or stops suddenly.
• Distracted driving: Anything that interrupts a driver’s focus on the road can cause them to be unable to stop in time to avoid rear-ending another vehicle. The most common form of distractions include cell phone usage, adjusting the radio, or eating or drinking.
• Not obeying traffic laws: Speeding is a common issue linked to rear-end collisions. If a motorist is driving above the speed limit, they might not be able to stop their car in time to avoid striking another vehicle.
• Poor weather conditions: If there is a considerable amount of rain or snow falling, or if there is snow or ice on the pavement, these poor conditions could hinder a driver from stopping on time. A motorist may lose control of a sliding vehicle, causing it to barrel into another car at a high speed.
• Car Defects: The most common type of car maintenance issue that can result in a rear-end collision is an issue with a car’s brakes. A faulty braking system could make it impossible for a driver to slow down and stop in time.
• Driver error: In some cases, a driver may simply make mistakes that would cause them to strike another vehicle from behind. For example, the sight of an unrelated car accident may cause a person to panic and lose control of their vehicle. Likewise, a motorist’s foot could slip, resulting in pressing the gas pedal instead of the brakes.

---

认识 疲劳驾驶：
https://www.teletracnavman.com/resources/resource-library/faqs/what-is-driver-fatigue

• WHAT CAUSES DRIVER FATIGUE?
  Driver fatigue results from one or several factors: physical tiredness, long working hours, or sleep deprivation -- which in itself has been described by the U.S. Centers for Disease and Control and Prevention (CDC) as a public health epidemic.*

• Fatigue can easily set in during long journeys, particularly when drivers take inadequate rest periods or pauses to help break up the monotony. Irregular or disruptive work schedules can also contribute to making drivers tired. There are medical conditions such as sleep apnea which can make some individuals more susceptible to driver fatigue.

• PHYSICAL AND COGNITIVE EFFECTS OR DROWSY DRIVING
  A lack of sufficient sleep or feeling of weariness can diminish alertness and concentration, meaning that drivers are less able to recognize oncoming hazards. Reaction times are slowed, as well as the decision-making process. All these can lead to accidents, or make them more severe.

• DROWSY DRIVING AND ITS DANGERS
  Driver fatigue can be more serious than a feeling of tiredness – it often produces drowsiness or even causes short sleep episodes. According to studies published by the CDC, when surveyed an estimated 1 in 25 adult drivers (aged 18 years or older) reported having fallen asleep on at least one occasion while driving in the previous 30 days. A 2013 investigation conducted by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration estimated that for the U.S. alone, in that year drowsy driving was responsible for 72,000 crashes, 44,000 injuries, and 800 deaths.**

• HEALTH ISSUES OF FATIGUE
  The lack of sufficient sleep that often causes driver fatigue can lead to chronic health problems. Diabetes, heart disease and obesity have been correlated with sleep loss. People who are sleep-deprived are more likely to consume high-energy, sugary food and drink, which may also contribute to various health problems. Persistently inadequate sleep has been linked to depression and anxiety.

• WHO IS AT RISK FOR DRIVER FATIGUE
  Commercial vehicle driver and shift worker are among the job categories identified as most susceptible to fatigue and sleepiness. Many commercial drivers are likely to be on the road for hours at a time, which places them at a higher risk of experiencing driver fatigue. As well as the potential for falling asleep at the wheel, tired drivers may be more likely to misjudge speed and distance, which can result in road accidents.

• OTHER EFFECTS OF FATIGUE
  When off the highway, inadequate or disturbed sleep can make drivers considerably less productive in other aspects of the job. A lack of sleep could also be indicative of other physical or mental health complications which can have an adverse impact on productivity. This means that it is in the direct interest of everyone to take a proactive approach in combating driver fatigue.
  什么导致司机疲劳？
  驾驶员疲劳是由一个或几个因素造成的：身体疲劳、长时间工作或睡眠不足——美国疾病和控制与预防中心 (CDC) 将其本身描述为一种公共卫生流行病。*

在长途旅行中很容易感到疲劳，特别是当司机休息时间不足或停下来帮助打破单调时。不规则或破坏性的工作时间表也会使司机感到疲倦。睡眠呼吸暂停等医疗状况会使一些人更容易受到驾驶员疲劳的影响。

身体和认知影响或昏昏欲睡的驾驶
睡眠不足或疲倦感会降低警觉性和注意力，这意味着驾驶员无法识别迎面而来的危险。反应时间和决策过程都变慢了。所有这些都可能导致事故，或者使事故更加严重。

疲劳驾驶及其危害
驾驶员疲劳可能比疲劳感更严重——它通常会产生困倦，甚至会导致短暂的睡眠发作。根据疾病预防控制中心发表的研究，在接受调查时，估计每 25 名成年司机（18 岁或以上）中就有 1 名报告说在过去 30 天内至少有一次在开车时睡着了。美国国家公路交通安全管理局 2013 年进行的一项调查估计，仅在美国，在那一年，昏昏欲睡的驾驶就造成了 72,000 起车祸、44,000 人受伤和 800 人死亡。**

疲劳的健康问题
缺乏足够的睡眠通常会导致驾驶员疲劳，这会导致慢性健康问题。糖尿病、心脏病和肥胖与睡眠不足有关。睡眠不足的人更有可能食用高能量、含糖的食物和饮料，这也可能导致各种健康问题。长期睡眠不足与抑郁和焦虑有关。

谁有驾驶员疲劳的风险
商用车司机和轮班工人是最容易疲劳和嗜睡的工作类别。许多商业司机可能一次在路上行驶数小时，这使他们面临更高的驾驶员疲劳风险。除了在方向盘上打瞌睡的可能性外，疲惫的司机可能更容易误判速度和距离，这可能导致交通事故。

疲劳的其他影响
离开高速公路时，睡眠不足或受到干扰会大大降低司机在工作的其他方面的工作效率。睡眠不足也可能预示着其他身体或心理健康并发症，这些并发症会对生产力产生不利影响。这意味着采取积极主动的方法来消除驾驶员疲劳符合每个人的直接利益。