一,Learning Objective-C

162 Objective-C Variables and Constants

在 ".h" 文件中创建的变量可以直接在 ".m"文件中引用。

ViewController.h

#import 

@interface ViewController : UIViewController {
    
    NSString *word;
    
    int int1;
}

@end

声明字符串用 NSString 加 *。

声明常量:

字符串:

NSString * const word3 = @"David";

Integer:

const int int2 = 20;

163. Objective-C Strings

如过要加入label,所有的步骤与写swift相同,不过cmd + drag 到.h文件中。

#import 

@interface ViewController : UIViewController {   
    NSString *name;
}

@property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet UILabel *label;

@end

在label中写字符串:

name = @"David";
NSString *word = @"Hello";
self.label.text = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@ %@, how are you?", word, name];

第一个“%@” 对应word, 第二个“%@”对应name。

164. Ints - Integers

在label中显示integer运算结果:
ViewController.h:

#import 

@interface ViewController : UIViewController {
    int score;
    int bonus;
    int checkpoint;
}

@property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet UILabel *label;

@end

ViewController.m:

    score = 100;
    bonus = 50;
    checkpoint = 100;
    
    int finaleScore = score + bonus + checkpoint;
    
    self.label.text = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%d", finaleScore];

用“%d”来显示integer。

165. Floats & Doubles - Decimals 32 & 64 bit

float1 = 100.345;
    float2 = 343.564;
    
    float calc1 = float1 + float2;
    
    //self.label1.text = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%f", calc1];
    self.label1.text = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%.2f", calc1];
    
    double1 = 324234.455;
    double2 = 45425.3454;
    
    double calc2 = double1 + double2;
    
    self.label2.text = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%.8f", calc2];

用“%f”来显示float和double, “%.1f”保留小数点后一位。

166. Boolean

用“BOOL”声明,全是大写。
可以true/false,也可以YES/NO。

    bool1 = YES;
    bool1 = NO;

    bool2 = true;
    bool2 = false;

167. Arrays

普通Array:

NSArray *array1 = @[@"Apple", @"Banana", @"Lemon", @"Watermelon"];
self.label1.text = array1[3];

可变长Array:

    NSMutableArray *array2 = [[NSMutableArray alloc] initWithObjects:@"Apple", @"Banana", @"Lemon", @"Watermelon", nil];
    [array2 addObject:@"Melon"]; // 加到末尾
    [array2 insertObject:@"Strawberry" atIndex:0]; //插入
    [array2 removeObjectAtIndex:0]; //删除
    self.label2.text = array2[0];

168. If statement

    BOOL state = false;
    
    if (state == true) {
        self.label1.text = @"Allow Access";
    } else {
        self.label1.text = @"Denny Access";
    }
    
    
    NSString *name = @"Ben";
    if ([name isEqualToString:@"David"]) {
        self.label2.text = @"Nice name";
    } else if ([name isEqualToString:@"Ben"]) {
        self.label2.text = @"Nice name";
    } else {
        self.label2.text = @"Terrible name";
    }
    
    
    int number = 100;
    
    if (number > 50) {
        self.label3.text = @"Higher";
    } else {
        self.label3.text = @"Lower";
    }

字符串比较“[name isEqualToString:@"David"]”。

169. AND OR

AND "&&"
OR "||"

170. For Loops

    int number;
    
    for (number = 20; number > 0; number -= 1) {
        NSLog(@"%i", number);
    }

"%d"和"%i"的区别:
“%d”是十进制,“%i”是自动探测进制类型。

NSLog(@"%i", 12); //12
NSLog(@"%i", 012); //10
NSLog(@"%i", 0x12); //18

171.While Loop

    int number = 0;
    while (number < 10) {
        number += 1;
        NSLog(@"%i", number);
    }

172. Switch Statements

    int number = 1;
    switch (number) {
        case 1:
            NSLog(@"Number 1");
            break;
        case 2:
            NSLog(@"Number 2");
            break;
        case 3:
            NSLog(@"Number 3");
            break;
        default:
            NSLog(@"Not Available");
            break;
    }

173.Functions

这个才是重头戏,不过这一节只是个开始。
新建可点击button,会在.h文件中新建Action:

- (IBAction)button:(id)sender;

然后自动在.m文件中生成function:

- (IBAction)button:(id)sender {
    self.label1.text = @"Hello";
    [self trigger];
}

- (void)trigger {
    self.label2.text = @"I got triggered";
}

引用function

[self trigger];
[self button:nil];

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