rman 工作常用

RMAN> backup archivelog all delete input;
backup as compressed backupset backupset all;###备份片的再压缩
 
all, or   until time 'sysdate -7' 
 
RMAN> run {
backup archivelog all;
delete archivelog until time 'sysdate -1' like '/u01/archives/TEST/%';
delete archivelog until time 'sysdate -5' like '/u02/archives/TEST/%';
}

RMAN> run {
    allocate channel c1 type 'sbt_tape';
    set archivelog destination to '+FRA/TEST/ARCHIVELOG/2010_08_13';
    restore archivelog
         from time "to_date('13/08/2010-00:00:00','dd/mm/yyyy-hh24:mi:ss')"
         until time "to_date('14/08/2010-00:00:00','dd/mm/yyyy-hh24:mi:ss')";
  }

run {
allocate channel ch1 device type sbt parms 'SBT_LIBRARY=/home/oracle/OPC/lib/libopc.so,ENV=(OPC_PFILE=/home/oracle/OPC/opcConfig.ora)';
backup as compressed backupset database format '%d_DB_%U';
backup as compressed backupset archivelog all not backed up format '%d_ARCH_%U';
backup as compressed backupset current controlfile format '%d_CTRL_%U';
}

To confirm if the backup metadata is missing: 

a. RMAN>list backup of database;
    
    Look for the absence of level 0 backups for the present backup cycle

b. Query v$backup_datafile:

  set lines 400
   alter session set nls_date_format='dd-mon-rr hh24:mi:ss';
  select recid, file#, to_char(creation_change#)crscn,
                incremental_level lvl, to_char(incremental_change#) incrscn, 
                to_char(checkpoint_change#) ckpscn, checkpoint_time ckptime,
                completion_time endtime, USED_CHANGE_TRACKING bct, 
                blocks_read  read, block_size bsz, blocks wrtn 
         from v$backup_datafile
         where file# > 0
           and  completion_time > '';

     Look for datafile backups where incremental_change#=creation_change
         
          Sample output (edited):

recid   File# crscn  Lvl   incr_change#    ckp change#
------  ----- ------ ----- -------------   -----------------
61888    1       5    0                0   6066791848649
61975    1       5    1    6066791848649   6067000893725
62073    1       5    1    6066791848649   6067362932086
62179    1       5    1    6066791848649   6067740524868
62280    1       5    1    6066791848649   6068546799488
62393    1       5    1                5   6069467166501
   For the backup with recid 62393, the backup was based on scn 5, which is the file creation scn.

SQL> alter system set DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST_SIZE= ;
 

RMAN> backup device type 'sbt_tape' recovery area;
 
 CROSSCHECK FOREIGN ARCHIVELOG ALL;
 DELETE EXPIRED FOREIGN ARCHIVELOG ALL;

- You may also need to consider changing your backup retention policy . For Example :

RMAN> configure retention policy to recovery window of 5 days;
- When using Data Guard, consider changing your archivelog deletion policy.

- In case of 11g if Archivelog deletion policy is set to a higher value, conside changing it to a lower value.

 CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG DELETION POLICY TO BACKED UP 1 TIMES TO SBT;

CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG DELETION POLICY TO BACKED UP 1 TIMES TO disk;

####备份过FRA，report obsolete 没有记录，Oracle内部可以删除

-----report DEVICE TYPE  disk obsolete;确实没有，但是备份了FRA，space_reclaimable增大了

RMAN> report DEVICE TYPE  disk obsolete;

RMAN retention policy is set to recovery window of 7 days，今天周二，两个全备

SELECT NAME,SPACE_LIMIT/1024/1024/1024 AS "SPACE_LIMIT(GB)",
SPACE_USED/1024/1024/1024 AS "SPACE_USED(GB)",
space_reclaimable         /1024/1024/1024 AS "space_reclaimable  (GB)",
number_of_files           AS files
FROM V$RECOVERY_FILE_DEST;

NAME         SPACE_LIMIT(GB) SPACE_USED(GB) space_reclaimable  (GB)       FILES
------------   ------------- -------------- ----------------------- ----------
+reco01                 61440          49146.2949               22313.626 （备份了FRA）      5400

去掉一个全备看看

RMAN> DELETE OBSOLETE RECOVERY WINDOW OF 1 DAYS DEVICE TYPE DISK ;

 NAME         SPACE_LIMIT(GB) SPACE_USED(GB) space_reclaimable  (GB)      FILES
--------------- -------------- ----------------------- ----------

+reco01       61440  29462.86523437        26017.9775390625       3081 

RMAN>  configure retention policy to recovery window of 7 days;---离谱了，又变大了

NAME         SPACE_LIMIT(GB) SPACE_USED(GB) space_reclaimable  (GB)      FILES
--------------- -------------- ----------------------- ----------

+reco01       61440  29462.86523437        26017.9775390625       3081 

RMAN> report obsolete;

没有记录！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！

 

--------------

 report obsolete device type disk;

report DEVICE TYPE  disk obsolete;

 report obsolete redundancy 1 device type disk ;  

 report obsolete   RECOVERY WINDOW OF 1 DAYS device type disk;

 DELETE OBSOLETE  redundancy 1 device type disk;

SELECT * FROM V$FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA_USAGE WHERE file_TYPE = 'BACKUP PIECE';
 
DELETE NOPROMPT BACKUPSET COMPLETED BEFORE 'SYSDATE-&3';
delete noprompt force archivelog all completed before 'SYSDATE-7' backed up 1 times to device type sbt;

delete noprompt force archivelog all completed before 'SYSDATE-7' backed up 1 times to device type sbt;
delete noprompt force archivelog all   backed up 1 times to device type sbt;

backup  as compressed  backupset archivelog all;
 backup as compressed  backupset database plus archivelog ; 
 Delete obsolete device type disk;
crosscheck archivelog all

###本地  磁带----两个备份策略1

RMAN>CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO RECOVERY WINDOW OF 60 DAYS;

This ensures that if 'delete obsolete' is run without any further specification, your highest retention policy is always observed.
The daily housekeeping routine will then delete obsolete tape backups using the default, and delete obsolete disk backups using an explicit recovery window overriding the default.
For example, disk backups are kept for just 7 days:

---report obsolete  DEVICE TYPE  disk;  ####RMAN-00571:  

report DEVICE TYPE  disk obsolete;

report DEVICE TYPE  disk obsolete RECOVERY WINDOW OF 0.2 days;

RMAN>DELETE OBSOLETE DEVICE TYPE  TAPE;
RMAN>DELETE OBSOLETE RECOVERY WINDOW OF 7 DAYS DEVICE TYPE DISK ;

DELETE OBSOLETE RECOVERY WINDOW OF 1 DAYS DEVICE TYPE DISK ;

 
##RAC 本地 /nfs----两个备份策略2

delete noprompt expired backupset;

delete noprompt archivelog all completed before ‘sysdate-1’;

delete noprompt obsolete;

CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO redundancy 2 device type 'SBT_TAPE'；
run {
allocate channel ch00 device type 'SBT_TAPE'
   PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,
   ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";   
backup COPIES 1  recovery area   ; }   ##########备份两份 不能两次

run {
allocate channel ch00 device type 'SBT_TAPE'
   PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,
   ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";   
backup COPIES 1  RECOVERY FILES;    }  

run {
allocate channel ch00 device type 'SBT_TAPE'
   PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,
   ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";   
BACKUP COPIES 2   BACKUPSET ALL;   } 

run {
allocate channel ch00 device type 'SBT_TAPE'
   PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,
   ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";   
BACKUP COPIES 2   archivelog all;   } 

BACKUP DEVICE TYPE DISK AS BACKUPSET DATABASE PLUS ARCHIVELOG;
BACKUP
 DEVICE TYPE sbt
 BACKUPSET ALL;  # copies backup sets on disk to tape

注：备份到sbt使用自动的通道，要求首先运行CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE sbt命令。

可以使用BACKUP BACKUPSET来管理备份空间分配。以下示例将一个星期以前创建的备份集从磁盘备份到磁带，然后从磁盘上删除它们。
BACKUP
 DEVICE TYPE sbt
 BACKUPSET COMPLETED BEFORE ‘SYSDATE-7’
 DELETE INPUT;
 
 

run {
allocate channel ch00 device type 'SBT_TAPE'
PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,
 ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";   
CROSSCHECK backup  device type 'SBT_TAPE';
Delete obsolete device type SBT_TAPE;
delete expired backup  device type SBT_TAPE;
}

run {
allocate channel ch00 device type 'SBT_TAPE'
   PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,
   ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";   
Delete obsolete device type SBT_TAPE;}

run {
allocate channel ch00 device type 'SBT_TAPE'
   PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,
   ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";   
restore datafile 3 ; }

run {
allocate channel ch00 device type 'SBT_TAPE'
   PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,
   ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";   
delete backup tag TAG20231202T170516;
 }

run {
allocate channel ch00 device type 'SBT_TAPE'
   PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,
   ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";   
list backup summary;          #####不需要带库里找 controlfile查看的
 }
 

run {
allocate channel ch00 device type 'SBT_TAPE'
   PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,
   ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";   
restore database until time  'sysdate -0.2';
recover database until time 'sysdate -0.2';
 }

run {
allocate channel ch1 device type sbt parms 'SBT_LIBRARY=/home/oracle/OPC/lib/libopc.so,ENV=(OPC_PFILE=/home/oracle/OPC/opcConfig.ora)';
restore database preview until time "to_date('02-MAY-2020 19:30:00','DD-MON-YYYY HH24:MI:SS')";
}