对于Microsoft .net PetShop程序中的购物车和订单处理模块,文中主要分析两种技术的应用:
1. Profile技术在PetShop程序中用于三处:
1) 购物车ShoppingCart -下面的例子围绕购物车流程进行
2) 收藏WishList
3) 用户信息AccountInfo
注册新用户 NewUser.aspx :使用的是CreateUserWizard 控件,基于MemberShip机制,在数据库MSPetShop4Services的表aspnet_Users中创建用户
修改用户注册信息 UserProfile.aspx: 基于Profile技术,在数据库MSPetShop4Profile的表Profiles和Account中创建用户信息
2. 异步消息处理技术运用于订单处理
4.1 Web.config配置
Profile可以利用数据库存储关于用户的个性化信息,有点象session对象,但session对象是有生存期的,在生存期后,session对象自动失效了。而profile不同,除非显式移除它。要实现profile功能,必须先在web.config中进行定义。
在web.congfig中,将会定义一些属性/值,分别存贮将要保存的变量和值,比如language属性,定义其值是string类型,如此类推。而<group>标签,则是将一些相同或类似功能的变量值放在一起。
程序中使用方法:Profile.language = ddlLanguage.SelectedItem.Value;
<profile automaticSaveEnabled="false" defaultProvider="ShoppingCartProvider">
<providers>
<add name="ShoppingCartProvider" connectionStringName="SQLProfileConnString" type="PetShop.Profile.PetShopProfileProvider" applicationName=".NET Pet Shop 4.0"/>
<add name="WishListProvider" connectionStringName="SQLProfileConnString" type="PetShop.Profile.PetShopProfileProvider" applicationName=".NET Pet Shop 4.0"/>
<add name="AccountInfoProvider" connectionStringName="SQLProfileConnString" type="PetShop.Profile.PetShopProfileProvider" applicationName=".NET Pet Shop 4.0"/>
</providers>
<properties>
<add name="ShoppingCart" type="PetShop.BLL.Cart" allowAnonymous="true" provider="ShoppingCartProvider"/>
<add name="WishList" type="PetShop.BLL.Cart" allowAnonymous="true" provider="WishListProvider"/>
<add name="AccountInfo" type="PetShop.Model.AddressInfo" allowAnonymous="false" provider="AccountInfoProvider"/>
</properties>
</profile>
4.2 购物车程序流程-Profile技术
1. 点击“加入购物车”:
2. ShoppingCart.aspx文件处理:在init方法之前处理
protected void Page_PreInit(object sender, EventArgs e) {
if (!IsPostBack) {
string itemId = Request.QueryString["addItem"];
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(itemId)) {
Profile.ShoppingCart.Add(itemId); //注意ShoppingCart的类型是PetShop.BLL.Cart
//Save 方法将修改后的配置文件属性值写入到数据源,如ShoppingCart属性已经改变
Profile.Save();
// Redirect to prevent duplictations in the cart if user hits "Refresh"
//防止刷新造成 多次提交
Response.Redirect("~/ShoppingCart.aspx", true); //将客户端重定向到新的 URL。指定新的 URL 并指定当前页的执行是否应终止。
}
}
3. PetShop.BLL.Cart类
// Dictionary: key/value
private Dictionary<string, CartItemInfo> cartItems = new Dictionary<string, CartItemInfo>();
/// <summary>
/// Add an item to the cart.
/// When ItemId to be added has already existed, this method will update the quantity instead.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="itemId">Item Id of item to add</param>
public void Add(string itemId) {
CartItemInfo cartItem;
//获取与指定的键相关联的值TryGetValue(TKey key,out TValue value)
if (!cartItems.TryGetValue(itemId, out cartItem)) {
Item item = new Item();
ItemInfo data = item.GetItem(itemId);
if (data != null) {
CartItemInfo newItem = new CartItemInfo(itemId, data.ProductName, 1, (decimal)data.Price, data.Name, data.CategoryId, data.ProductId);
cartItems.Add(itemId, newItem);
}
}
else
cartItem.Quantity++;
}
4. 更新Profile
//Save 方法将修改后的配置文件属性值写入到数据源,如ShoppingCart属性已经改变
Profile.Save();
如何更新:
根据配置中的ShoppingCartProvider类型 PetShop.Profile.PetShopProfileProvider。
ASP.NET 配置文件提供对用户特定属性的持久性存储和检索。配置文件属性值和信息按照由 ProfileProvider 实现确定的方式存储在数据源中。
每个用户配置文件在数据库的 Profiles 表中进行唯一标识。该表包含配置文件信息,如应用程序名称和上次活动日期。
CREATE TABLE Profiles
(
UniqueID AutoIncrement NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
Username Text (255) NOT NULL,
ApplicationName Text (255) NOT NULL,
IsAnonymous YesNo,
LastActivityDate DateTime,
LastUpdatedDate DateTime,
CONSTRAINT PKProfiles UNIQUE (Username, ApplicationName)
)
5. PetShop.Profile. PetShopProfileProvider类, 继承自ProfileProvider
// 创建 PetShop.SQLProfileDAL.PetShopProfileProvider类-数据库操作
private static readonly IPetShopProfileProvider dal
= DataAccess.CreatePetShopProfileProvider();
/// <summary>
/// 设置指定的属性设置组的值
/// </summary>
public override void SetPropertyValues(SettingsContext context, SettingsPropertyValueCollection collection) {
string username = (string)context["UserName"];
CheckUserName(username);
bool isAuthenticated = (bool)context["IsAuthenticated"];
int uniqueID = dal.GetUniqueID(username, isAuthenticated, false, ApplicationName);
if(uniqueID == 0)
uniqueID = dal.CreateProfileForUser(username, isAuthenticated, ApplicationName);
foreach(SettingsPropertyValue pv in collection) {
if(pv.PropertyValue != null) {
switch(pv.Property.Name) {
case PROFILE_SHOPPINGCART: //ShoppingCart
SetCartItems(uniqueID, (Cart)pv.PropertyValue, true);
break;
case PROFILE_WISHLIST:
SetCartItems(uniqueID, (Cart)pv.PropertyValue, false);
break;
case PROFILE_ACCOUNT:
if(isAuthenticated)
SetAccountInfo(uniqueID, (AddressInfo)pv.PropertyValue);
break;
default:
throw new ApplicationException(ERR_INVALID_PARAMETER + " name.");
}
}
}
UpdateActivityDates(username, false);
}
// Update cart
private static void SetCartItems(int uniqueID, Cart cart, bool isShoppingCart) {
dal.SetCartItems(uniqueID, cart.CartItems, isShoppingCart);
}
6. PetShop.SQLProfileDAL. PetShopProfileProvider类
使用事务:包含两个sql动作,先删除,再插入
/// <summary>
/// Update shopping cart for current user
/// </summary>
/// <param name="uniqueID">User id</param>
/// <param name="cartItems">Collection of shopping cart items</param>
/// <param name="isShoppingCart">Shopping cart flag</param>
public void SetCartItems(int uniqueID, ICollection<CartItemInfo> cartItems, bool isShoppingCart) {
string sqlDelete = "DELETE FROM Cart WHERE UniqueID = @UniqueID AND IsShoppingCart = @IsShoppingCart;";
SqlParameter[] parms1 = {
new SqlParameter("@UniqueID", SqlDbType.Int),
new SqlParameter("@IsShoppingCart", SqlDbType.Bit)};
parms1[0].Value = uniqueID;
parms1[1].Value = isShoppingCart;
if (cartItems.Count > 0) {
// update cart using SqlTransaction
string sqlInsert = "INSERT INTO Cart (UniqueID, ItemId, Name, Type, Price, CategoryId, ProductId, IsShoppingCart, Quantity) VALUES (@UniqueID, @ItemId, @Name, @Type, @Price, @CategoryId, @ProductId, @IsShoppingCart, @Quantity);";
SqlParameter[] parms2 = {