nav_msgs/Odometry
消息import rclpy
from rclpy.node import Node
from geometry_msgs.msg import Pose, Twist, Vector3
from nav_msgs.msg import Odometry
import tf2_ros
from tf2_ros import TransformBroadcaster
from geometry_msgs.msg import TransformStamped
import math
class OdometryPublisher(Node):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__('odometry_publisher')
self.publisher = self.create_publisher(Odometry, 'odom', 10)
self.timer = self.create_timer(0.1, self.publish_odometry)
self.odom_frame_id = 'odom'
self.child_frame_id = 'base_link'
self.odom_broadcaster = TransformBroadcaster(self)
# 初始化里程计变量
self.x = 0.0
self.y = 0.0
self.theta = 0.0
self.vx = 0.1 # 例子中使用的线速度
self.vtheta = 0.1 # 例子中使用的角速度
def publish_odometry(self):
# 更新里程计信息
self.x += self.vx * math.cos(self.theta)
self.y += self.vx * math.sin(self.theta)
self.theta += self.vtheta
# 发布TransformStamped消息
odom_trans = TransformStamped()
odom_trans.header.stamp = self.get_clock().now().to_msg()
odom_trans.header.frame_id = self.odom_frame_id
odom_trans.child_frame_id = self.child_frame_id
odom_trans.transform.translation.x = self.x
odom_trans.transform.translation.y = self.y
odom_trans.transform.rotation.w = math.cos(self.theta / 2)
odom_trans.transform.rotation.z = math.sin(self.theta / 2)
self.odom_broadcaster.sendTransform(odom_trans)
# 发布Odometry消息
odom_msg = Odometry()
odom_msg.header.stamp = self.get_clock().now().to_msg()
odom_msg.header.frame_id = self.odom_frame_id
odom_msg.child_frame_id = self.child_frame_id
odom_msg.pose.pose.position.x = self.x
odom_msg.pose.pose.position.y = self.y
odom_msg.pose.pose.orientation.w = math.cos(self.theta / 2)
odom_msg.pose.pose.orientation.z = math.sin(self.theta / 2)
odom_msg.twist.twist.linear.x = self.vx
odom_msg.twist.twist.angular.z = self.vtheta
self.publisher.publish(odom_msg)
def main(args=None):
rclpy.init(args=args)
node = OdometryPublisher()
rclpy.spin(node)
rclpy.shutdown()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
nav_msgs/Odometry
消息#include "rclcpp/rclcpp.hpp"
#include "geometry_msgs/msg/pose_with_covariance_stamped.hpp"
#include "geometry_msgs/msg/twist_with_covariance_stamped.hpp"
#include "nav_msgs/msg/odometry.hpp"
#include "tf2/LinearMath/Quaternion.h"
#include "tf2_ros/transform_broadcaster.h"
#include "tf2_geometry_msgs/tf2_geometry_msgs.hpp"
class OdometryPublisher : public rclcpp::Node {
public:
OdometryPublisher()
: Node("odometry_publisher"), x(0.0), y(0.0), theta(0.0), vx(0.1), vtheta(0.1) {
publisher_ = this->create_publisher("odom", 10);
timer_ = this->create_wall_timer(std::chrono::milliseconds(100), std::bind(&OdometryPublisher::publish_odometry, this));
odom_broadcaster_ = std::make_shared(this);
}
private:
void publish_odometry() {
// 更新里程计信息
x += vx * std::cos(theta);
y += vx * std::sin(theta);
theta += vtheta;
// 发布TransformStamped消息
geometry_msgs::msg::TransformStamped odom_trans;
odom_trans.header.stamp = this->now();
odom_trans.header.frame_id = "odom";
odom_trans.child_frame_id = "base_link";
odom_trans.transform.translation.x = x;
odom_trans.transform.translation.y = y;
odom_trans.transform.rotation = tf2::toMsg(tf2::Quaternion(0, 0, std::sin(theta / 2), std::cos(theta / 2)));
odom_broadcaster_->sendTransform(odom_trans);
// 发布Odometry消息
nav_msgs::msg::Odometry odom_msg;
odom_msg.header.stamp = this->now();
odom_msg.header.frame_id = "odom";
odom_msg.child_frame_id = "base_link";
odom_msg.pose.pose.position.x = x;
odom_msg.pose.pose.position.y = y;
odom_msg.pose.pose.orientation = tf2::toMsg(tf2::Quaternion(0, 0, std::sin(theta / 2), std::cos(theta / 2)));
odom_msg.twist.twist.linear.x = vx;
odom_msg.twist.twist.angular.z = vtheta;
publisher_->publish(odom_msg);
}
rclcpp::Publisher::SharedPtr publisher_;
rclcpp::TimerBase::SharedPtr timer_;
std::shared_ptr odom_broadcaster_;
double x, y, theta, vx, vtheta;
};
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
rclcpp::init(argc, argv);
rclcpp::spin(std::make_shared());
rclcpp::shutdown();
return 0;
}
在ROS中,TF是一种用于跟踪和广播坐标系变换的机制,它允许多个节点之间共享坐标系信息。在机器人控制中,TF通常用于描述不同坐标系之间的关系,如机器人基座坐标系(base_link)相对于全局坐标系(odom)的变换。
在上述的代码中,odom_broadcaster_
用于发布机器人的里程计信息,即机器人在全局坐标系中的位置和方向变换。具体来说,它发布了一个geometry_msgs/TransformStamped
消息,描述了机器人的当前位姿。
这个变换消息包含了三个关键的信息:
header
: 包含了时间戳和坐标系的信息。child_frame_id
: 子坐标系的名称,即机器人坐标系(base_link)。transform
: 描述了从父坐标系到子坐标系的变换信息,包括平移和旋转。在发布nav_msgs/Odometry
消息之前,通过odom_broadcaster_
发布的TF消息,可以被其他ROS节点监听和使用,以获取机器人在全局坐标系中的准确位置和方向信息。这对于在ROS系统中实现机器人导航和感知非常重要。