在Ubuntu16.04上编译安装Python3.8环境

配置依赖环境

sudo apt-get install zlib1g-dev libbz2-dev libssl-dev libncurses5-dev libsqlite3-dev

下载解压源码

wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.8.0/Python-3.8.0.tgz
cd /root
tar xf Python-3.8.0.tgz

进入目录安装依赖

cd Python-3.8.0/
sudo apt-get install python-dev
sudo apt-get install libffi-dev
sudo apt-get install libssl-dev
sudo apt-get install -y make build-essential libssl-dev zlib1g-dev libbz2-dev libreadline-dev libsqlite3-dev wget curl llvm libncurses5-dev libncursesw5-dev xz-utils tk-dev

编译及安装

./configure prefix=/usr/local/python3
make && make install

修改软连接（配置全局变量）

#将原来的链接备份
mv /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/python.bak
#添加python3的软链接
ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python
#测试是否安装成功了
python -V

安装/升级pip

执行安装

#这句是给(python2.7安装pip)
sudo apt-get install python-pip
#这句是给python3安装pip
sudo apt-get install python3-pip

执行升级

pip install --upgrade pip
pip3 install --upgrade pip

升级pip时出现了以下问题：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/bin/pip", line 9, in 
    from pip import main

使用命令即可

python -m pip install --upgrade pip

让pip连接到python3.8

vim ~/.bashrc

文件结尾添加

alias pip=/usr/bin/pip

保存后，使文件生效

source ~/.bashrc

参考：https://www.cnblogs.com/daofaziran/p/12604726.html