RMAN备份时出现 ORA-19625 ORA-27037 错误

1.错误现象及原因

检查备份时，发现备份失败，日志中存在以下错误：

Starting backup at 08-NOV-23
current log archived
released channel: d1
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of backup command at 11/08/2023 23:16:17
RMAN-06059: expected archived log not found, loss of archived log compromises recoverability
ORA-19625: error identifying file /archivelog/1_1659_1082891782.dbf
ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3

原因：找不到备份所需的归档日志文件，归档日志被误删除。

2.解决方法

2.1.校验归档日志信息，删除不存在的归档信息

crosscheck archivelog all;
delete expired archivelog all;

2.2. 进行备份测试

RMAN> backup format '/home/oracle/backup_arch_%U' archivelog all not backed up;

Starting backup at 09-NOV-23
current log archived
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set
input archived log thread=1 sequence=1699 RECID=1699 STAMP=1151795298
input archived log thread=1 sequence=1700 RECID=1700 STAMP=1151795299
input archived log thread=1 sequence=1701 RECID=1701 STAMP=1151881657
input archived log thread=1 sequence=1702 RECID=1702 STAMP=1151881658
input archived log thread=1 sequence=1703 RECID=1703 STAMP=1151967927
input archived log thread=1 sequence=1704 RECID=1704 STAMP=1151967928
input archived log thread=1 sequence=1705 RECID=1705 STAMP=1152054449
input archived log thread=1 sequence=1706 RECID=1706 STAMP=1152054450
input archived log thread=1 sequence=1707 RECID=1707 STAMP=1152140796
input archived log thread=1 sequence=1708 RECID=1708 STAMP=1152140797
input archived log thread=1 sequence=1709 RECID=1709 STAMP=1152227046
input archived log thread=1 sequence=1710 RECID=1710 STAMP=1152227047
input archived log thread=1 sequence=1711 RECID=1711 STAMP=1152313516
input archived log thread=1 sequence=1712 RECID=1712 STAMP=1152313516
input archived log thread=1 sequence=1713 RECID=1713 STAMP=1152400574
input archived log thread=1 sequence=1714 RECID=1714 STAMP=1152400576
input archived log thread=1 sequence=1715 RECID=1715 STAMP=1152456033
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 09-NOV-23
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 09-NOV-23
piece handle=/home/oracle/backup_arch_r12b25b1_1_1 tag=TAG20231109T144033 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:35
Finished backup at 09-NOV-23

经测试，备份正常运行，该问题解决。