22. Place the emphatic words of a sentence at the end
1. The proper place in the sentence for the word or group of words that the writer desires to make most prominent is usually the end. (将想要强调的词或一组词放在句子的末尾)
1a. Humanity has hardly advanced in fortitude since that time, though it has advanced in many other ways.
1b. Since that time, humanity has advanced in many ways, but it has hardly advanced in fortitude.
2. The word or group of words entitled to this position of prominence is usually the logical predicate — that is, the new element in the sentence. (放在重要位置上的词通常是逻辑谓语,即一句话中新出现的元素)
1a. This steel is principally used for making razors, because of its hardness.
1b. Because of its hardness, this steel is used principally for making razors.
3. The effectiveness of the periodic sentence arises from the prominence it gives to the main statement. (掉尾句的效果即源自将主句置于文末)
Four centuries ago, Christopher Columbus, one of the Italian mariners whom the decline of their own republics had put at the service of the world and of adventure, seeking for Spain a westward passage to the Indies to offset the achievement of Portuguese discoverers, lighted on America. (按道理讲,不应该用很长的从句分隔主语和动词,但此句读起来居然不费劲,大概是因为主句非常简短)
4. The other prominent position in the sentence is the beginning. Any element in the sentence other than the subject becomes emphatic when placed first. (句首是另一个凸显重要性的位子。放置于句首的非主语的词汇都表示强调)
1. Deceit or treachery she could never forgive.
2. Vast and rude, fretted by the action of nearly three thousand years, the fragments of this architecture may often seem, at first sight, like works of nature.
5. To receive special emphasis, the subject of a sentence must take the position of the predicate. (为了强调主语,必需将其置于表语的位置,即动词之后)
Through the middle of the valley flowed a winding stream.
6. The principle that the proper place for what is to be made most prominent is the end applies equally to the words of a sentence, to the sentences of a paragraph, and to the paragraphs of a composition. (最后的位置表示强调,这一原则适用于一句话,一段话,一篇文章)