算法-4-归并排序
归并排序
public class Code01_MergeSort {
// 递归方法实现
public static void mergeSort1(int[] arr) {
if (arr == null || arr.length < 2) {
return;
}
process(arr, 0, arr.length - 1);
}
// 请把arr[L..R]排有序
// l...r N
// T(N) = 2 * T(N / 2) + O(N)
// O(N * logN)
public static void process(int[] arr, int L, int R) {
if (L == R) { // base case
return;
}
int mid = L + ((R - L) >> 1);
process(arr, L, mid);
process(arr, mid + 1, R);
merge(arr, L, mid, R);
}
public static void merge(int[] arr, int L, int M, int R) {
int[] help = new int[R - L + 1];
int i = 0;
int p1 = L;
int p2 = M + 1;
while (p1 <= M && p2 <= R) {
help[i++] = arr[p1] <= arr[p2] ? arr[p1++] : arr[p2++];
}
// 要么p1越界了，要么p2越界了
while (p1 <= M) {
help[i++] = arr[p1++];
}
while (p2 <= R) {
help[i++] = arr[p2++];
}
for (i = 0; i < help.length; i++) {
arr[L + i] = help[i];
}
}
// 非递归方法实现
public static void mergeSort2(int[] arr) {
if (arr == null || arr.length < 2) {
return;
}
int N = arr.length;
// 步长
int mergeSize = 1;
while (mergeSize < N) { // log N
// 当前左组的，第一个位置
int L = 0;
while (L < N) {
if (mergeSize >= N - L) {//左边都凑不够步长直接退出
break;
}
int M = L + mergeSize - 1;
int R = M + Math.min(mergeSize, N - M - 1);//如果没超那就是r=m+步长
merge(arr, L, M, R);
L = R + 1;
}
// 防止溢出，N可能很大，步长每次要*2，如果步长大于N/2再成二就溢出
if (mergeSize > N / 2) {
break;
}
mergeSize <<= 1;
}
}
// for test
public static int[] generateRandomArray(int maxSize, int maxValue) {
int[] arr = new int[(int) ((maxSize + 1) * Math.random())];
for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
arr[i] = (int) ((maxValue + 1) * Math.random()) - (int) (maxValue * Math.random());
}
return arr;
}
// for test
public static int[] copyArray(int[] arr) {
if (arr == null) {
return null;
}
int[] res = new int[arr.length];
for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
res[i] = arr[i];
}
return res;
}
// for test
public static boolean isEqual(int[] arr1, int[] arr2) {
if ((arr1 == null && arr2 != null) || (arr1 != null && arr2 == null)) {
return false;
}
if (arr1 == null && arr2 == null) {
return true;
}
if (arr1.length != arr2.length) {
return false;
}
for (int i = 0; i < arr1.length; i++) {
if (arr1[i] != arr2[i]) {
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
// for test
public static void printArray(int[] arr) {
if (arr == null) {
return;
}
for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
System.out.print(arr[i] + " ");
}
System.out.println();
}
// for test
public static void main(String[] args) {
int testTime = 500000;
int maxSize = 100;
int maxValue = 100;
System.out.println("测试开始");
for (int i = 0; i < testTime; i++) {
int[] arr1 = generateRandomArray(maxSize, maxValue);
int[] arr2 = copyArray(arr1);
mergeSort1(arr1);
mergeSort2(arr2);
if (!isEqual(arr1, arr2)) {
System.out.println("出错了！");
printArray(arr1);
printArray(arr2);
break;
}
}
System.out.println("测试结束");
}
}
求小和
public class Code02_SmallSum {
public static int smallSum(int[] arr) {
if (arr == null || arr.length < 2) {
return 0;
}
return process(arr, 0, arr.length - 1);
}
// arr[L..R]既要排好序，也要求小和返回
// 所有merge时，产生的小和，累加
// 左 排序 merge
// 右 排序 merge
// merge
public static int process(int[] arr, int l, int r) {
if (l == r) {
return 0;
}
// l < r
int mid = l + ((r - l) >> 1);
return
process(arr, l, mid)
+
process(arr, mid + 1, r)
+
merge(arr, l, mid, r);
}
public static int merge(int[] arr, int L, int m, int r) {
int[] help = new int[r - L + 1];
int i = 0;
int p1 = L;
int p2 = m + 1;
int res = 0;
while (p1 <= m && p2 <= r) {
res += arr[p1] < arr[p2] ? (r - p2 + 1) * arr[p1] : 0;
help[i++] = arr[p1] < arr[p2] ? arr[p1++] : arr[p2++];
}
while (p1 <= m) {
help[i++] = arr[p1++];
}
while (p2 <= r) {
help[i++] = arr[p2++];
}
for (i = 0; i < help.length; i++) {
arr[L + i] = help[i];
}
return res;
}
// for test
public static int comparator(int[] arr) {
if (arr == null || arr.length < 2) {
return 0;
}
int res = 0;
for (int i = 1; i < arr.length; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < i; j++) {
res += arr[j] < arr[i] ? arr[j] : 0;
}
}
return res;
}
// for test
public static int[] generateRandomArray(int maxSize, int maxValue) {
int[] arr = new int[(int) ((maxSize + 1) * Math.random())];
for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
arr[i] = (int) ((maxValue + 1) * Math.random()) - (int) (maxValue * Math.random());
}
return arr;
}
// for test
public static int[] copyArray(int[] arr) {
if (arr == null) {
return null;
}
int[] res = new int[arr.length];
for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
res[i] = arr[i];
}
return res;
}
// for test
public static boolean isEqual(int[] arr1, int[] arr2) {
if ((arr1 == null && arr2 != null) || (arr1 != null && arr2 == null)) {
return false;
}
if (arr1 == null && arr2 == null) {
return true;
}
if (arr1.length != arr2.length) {
return false;
}
for (int i = 0; i < arr1.length; i++) {
if (arr1[i] != arr2[i]) {
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
// for test
public static void printArray(int[] arr) {
if (arr == null) {
return;
}
for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
System.out.print(arr[i] + " ");
}
System.out.println();
}
// for test
public static void main(String[] args) {
int testTime = 500000;
int maxSize = 100;
int maxValue = 100;
boolean succeed = true;
for (int i = 0; i < testTime; i++) {
int[] arr1 = generateRandomArray(maxSize, maxValue);
int[] arr2 = copyArray(arr1);
if (smallSum(arr1) != comparator(arr2)) {
succeed = false;
printArray(arr1);
printArray(arr2);
break;
}
}
System.out.println(succeed ? "Nice!" : "Fucking fucked!");
}
}
求逆序对
public class Code03_ReversePair {
public static int reverPairNumber(int[] arr) {
if (arr == null || arr.length < 2) {
return 0;
}
return process(arr, 0, arr.length - 1);
}
// arr[L..R]既要排好序，也要求逆序对数量返回
// 所有merge时，产生的逆序对数量，累加，返回
// 左 排序 merge并产生逆序对数量
// 右 排序 merge并产生逆序对数量
public static int process(int[] arr, int l, int r) {
if (l == r) {
return 0;
}
// l < r
int mid = l + ((r - l) >> 1);
return process(arr, l, mid) + process(arr, mid + 1, r) + merge(arr, l, mid, r);
}
public static int merge(int[] arr, int L, int m, int r) {
int[] help = new int[r - L + 1];
int i = help.length - 1;
int p1 = m;
int p2 = r;
int res = 0;
while (p1 >= L && p2 > m) {
res += arr[p1] > arr[p2] ? (p2 - m) : 0;
help[i--] = arr[p1] > arr[p2] ? arr[p1--] : arr[p2--];
}
while (p1 >= L) {
help[i--] = arr[p1--];
}
while (p2 > m) {
help[i--] = arr[p2--];
}
for (i = 0; i < help.length; i++) {
arr[L + i] = help[i];
}
return res;
}
// for test
public static int comparator(int[] arr) {
int ans = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
for (int j = i + 1; j < arr.length; j++) {
if (arr[i] > arr[j]) {
ans++;
}
}
}
return ans;
}
// for test
public static int[] generateRandomArray(int maxSize, int maxValue) {
int[] arr = new int[(int) ((maxSize + 1) * Math.random())];
for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
arr[i] = (int) ((maxValue + 1) * Math.random()) - (int) (maxValue * Math.random());
}
return arr;
}
// for test
public static int[] copyArray(int[] arr) {
if (arr == null) {
return null;
}
int[] res = new int[arr.length];
for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
res[i] = arr[i];
}
return res;
}
// for test
public static boolean isEqual(int[] arr1, int[] arr2) {
if ((arr1 == null && arr2 != null) || (arr1 != null && arr2 == null)) {
return false;
}
if (arr1 == null && arr2 == null) {
return true;
}
if (arr1.length != arr2.length) {
return false;
}
for (int i = 0; i < arr1.length; i++) {
if (arr1[i] != arr2[i]) {
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
// for test
public static void printArray(int[] arr) {
if (arr == null) {
return;
}
for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
System.out.print(arr[i] + " ");
}
System.out.println();
}
// for test
public static void main(String[] args) {
int testTime = 500000;
int maxSize = 100;
int maxValue = 100;
System.out.println("测试开始");
for (int i = 0; i < testTime; i++) {
int[] arr1 = generateRandomArray(maxSize, maxValue);
int[] arr2 = copyArray(arr1);
if (reverPairNumber(arr1) != comparator(arr2)) {
System.out.println("Oops!");
printArray(arr1);
printArray(arr2);
break;
}
}
System.out.println("测试结束");
}
}
num的右边有多少个数*2后依然小于num，求个数
总思路不变左面求+右边求+总merge
public class Code04_BiggerThanRightTwice {
public static int biggerTwice(int[] arr) {
if (arr == null || arr.length < 2) {
return 0;
}
return process(arr, 0, arr.length - 1);
}
public static int process(int[] arr, int l, int r) {
if (l == r) {
return 0;
}
// l < r
int mid = l + ((r - l) >> 1);
return process(arr, l, mid) + process(arr, mid + 1, r) + merge(arr, l, mid, r);
}
public static int merge(int[] arr, int L, int m, int r) {
// [L....M] [M+1....R]
int ans = 0;
// 目前囊括进来的数，是从[M+1, windowR)
int windowR = m + 1;
for (int i = L; i <= m; i++) {
while (windowR <= r && arr[i] > (arr[windowR] * 2)) {
windowR++;
}
ans += windowR - m - 1;
}
int[] help = new int[r - L + 1];
int i = 0;
int p1 = L;
int p2 = m + 1;
while (p1 <= m && p2 <= r) {
help[i++] = arr[p1] <= arr[p2] ? arr[p1++] : arr[p2++];
}
while (p1 <= m) {
help[i++] = arr[p1++];
}
while (p2 <= r) {
help[i++] = arr[p2++];
}
for (i = 0; i < help.length; i++) {
arr[L + i] = help[i];
}
return ans;
}
// for test
public static int comparator(int[] arr) {
int ans = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
for (int j = i + 1; j < arr.length; j++) {
if (arr[i] > (arr[j] << 1)) {
ans++;
}
}
}
return ans;
}
// for test
public static int[] generateRandomArray(int maxSize, int maxValue) {
int[] arr = new int[(int) ((maxSize + 1) * Math.random())];
for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
arr[i] = (int) ((maxValue + 1) * Math.random()) - (int) ((maxValue + 1) * Math.random());
}
return arr;
}
// for test
public static int[] copyArray(int[] arr) {
if (arr == null) {
return null;
}
int[] res = new int[arr.length];
for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
res[i] = arr[i];
}
return res;
}
// for test
public static boolean isEqual(int[] arr1, int[] arr2) {
if ((arr1 == null && arr2 != null) || (arr1 != null && arr2 == null)) {
return false;
}
if (arr1 == null && arr2 == null) {
return true;
}
if (arr1.length != arr2.length) {
return false;
}
for (int i = 0; i < arr1.length; i++) {
if (arr1[i] != arr2[i]) {
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
// for test
public static void printArray(int[] arr) {
if (arr == null) {
return;
}
for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
System.out.print(arr[i] + " ");
}
System.out.println();
}
// for test
public static void main(String[] args) {
int testTime = 500000;
int maxSize = 100;
int maxValue = 100;
System.out.println("测试开始");
for (int i = 0; i < testTime; i++) {
int[] arr1 = generateRandomArray(maxSize, maxValue);
int[] arr2 = copyArray(arr1);
if (biggerTwice(arr1) != comparator(arr2)) {
System.out.println("Oops!");
printArray(arr1);
printArray(arr2);
break;
}
}
System.out.println("测试结束");
}
}
R=M+1,R是开区间取不到，
当i在L处，R来到M+1处，R走不动,停，i往右走到3处，R能走走三个来到4位置，那一共几个数？
R-(M+1)个数
