Linux基础2
文章目录
- RHCSA课程回顾
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- 注：自动化的前提是标准化、规范化。
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- 1.网卡命令的步骤：
- 2.ifconfig命令操作
- 3.IP命令及操作
- 4.ss命令操作
- 5.网卡的配置
- 6.硬盘命令
- 7.fdisk 命令及操作
- 8.格式化
- 9挂载
- 10.永久挂载
- 11.计划任务
- 12.日志服务与管理
- 13.httpd编译安装
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- apr-util安装
- http安装
- http安装
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RHCSA课程回顾
注：自动化的前提是标准化、规范化。
网卡回归 传统命名一般是：eth0、eth1、eth2等等，每一台主机的网卡名字不一样，也可能是ens33或者ens34，因机而已。
1.网卡命令的步骤：
- 修改网卡配置文件的名字并改其内容。
- 编辑/etc/default/grub, 在grub前面加上net.ifname=0 biosdevname=0
- 生成配置文件grub2-mkconfig -o /etc/grub2.cfg
- 最后重启：reboot
实际操作参考：
首先我们进入到里面去编辑网卡ip，以及网卡各项内容，编辑完之后我们出来修改网卡的名字。操作如下。
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens160
TYPE=Ethernet
BOOTPROTO=static
NAME=eth0
DEVICE=eth0
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=192.168.100.10
PREFIX=24
GATEWAY=192.168.100.10
DNS1=114.114.114.114
[root@localhost ~]# cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/
[root@localhost network-scripts]# ls
ifcfg-ens160
[root@localhost network-scripts]# mv ifcfg-ens160 ifcfg-eth0
[root@localhost network-scripts]# ls
ifcfg-eth0
[root@localhost network-scripts]#
我们还可以修改。/etc/default/grub里面的配置文件， 来修改网卡的名字，操作如下。
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/default/grub
GRUB_TIMEOUT=5
GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR="$(sed 's, release .*$,,g' /etc/system-release)"
GRUB_DEFAULT=saved
GRUB_DISABLE_SUBMENU=true
GRUB_TERMINAL_OUTPUT="console"
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="crashkernel=auto resume=/dev/mapper/rhel-swap rd.lvm.lv=rhel/root rd.lvm.lv=rhel/swap net.ifnames=0 biosdevname=0 rhgb quiet" //这句话在rhgb的前面加上net.ifname=0 biosdevname=0
GRUB_DISABLE_RECOVERY="true"
GRUB_ENABLE_BLSCFG=true
[root@localhost ~]#
[root@localhost ~]# grub2-mkconfig -o /etc/grub2.cfg /执行这条命令
Generating grub configuration file ...
done //在这里我们看到done说明已经成功了
[root@localhost ~]# reboot //然后我们重启
[root@localhost ~]# ip addr show eth0 //重启之后我们使用命令查看一下网卡名是否修改成功。
2: eth0: mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:b7:3c:08 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.100.10/24 brd 192.168.100.255 scope global noprefixroute eth0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:feb7:3c08/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[root@localhost ~]#
2.ifconfig命令操作
ifconfig格式：
ifconfig 网卡名 【选项】
ifconfig在日常生活中常见的参数
- down //断开指定的网络设备
- up //和上面相反，启动指定的网络
- ip地址 //指定网络设备的ip地址
ifconfig实际操作
显示网络设备信息
[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig
eth0: flags=4163 mtu 1500
inet 192.168.100.10 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.100.255
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:feb7:3c08 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20
ether 00:0c:29:b7:3c:08 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 6370 bytes 527153 (514.7 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 11012 bytes 2379596 (2.2 MiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
lo: flags=73 mtu 65536
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0
inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10
loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback)
RX packets 36 bytes 3572 (3.4 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 36 bytes 3572 (3.4 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
[root@localhost ~]#
关闭指定网卡
[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig lo down
[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig //断开成功之后我们可以用ifconfig查看
eth0: flags=4163 mtu 1500
inet 192.168.100.10 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.100.255
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:feb7:3c08 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20
ether 00:0c:29:b7:3c:08 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 10490 bytes 866804 (846.4 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 17984 bytes 3821464 (3.6 MiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
[root@localhost ~]#
启动指定网卡
[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig lo up
[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig
eth0: flags=4163 mtu 1500
inet 192.168.100.10 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.100.255
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:feb7:3c08 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20
ether 00:0c:29:b7:3c:08 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 12080 bytes 997656 (974.2 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 20620 bytes 4352440 (4.1 MiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
lo: flags=73 mtu 65536
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0
inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10
loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback)
RX packets 44 bytes 4364 (4.2 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 44 bytes 4364 (4.2 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
[root@localhost ~]#
修改ip地址命令
（这条命令不是很常用，所以不建议大家用这条命令修改ip地址）。
[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig eth0
eth0: flags=4163 mtu 1500
inet 192.168.100.10 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.100.255
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:feb7:3c08 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20
ether 00:0c:29:b7:3c:08 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 14691 bytes 1212324 (1.1 MiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 24932 bytes 5189452 (4.9 MiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig eth0 192.168.100.20
[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig eth0
eth0: flags=4163 mtu 1500
inet 192.168.100.20 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.100.255
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:feb7:3c08 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20
ether 00:0c:29:b7:3c:08 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 471 bytes 42008 (41.0 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 620 bytes 141237 (137.9 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
[root@localhost ~]#
3.IP命令及操作
查看网卡信息命令（一共有三种查看的方法）
[root@localhost ~]# ip addr show eth0 //这是第一种
2: eth0: mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:b7:3c:08 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.100.20/24 brd 192.168.100.255 scope global noprefixroute eth0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:feb7:3c08/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[root@localhost ~]#
[root@localhost ~]# ip a s eth0 //这种是简写查看的方法
2: eth0: mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:b7:3c:08 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.100.20/24 brd 192.168.100.255 scope global noprefixroute eth0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:feb7:3c08/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[root@localhost ~]#
[root@localhost ~]# ip a //这是第三种/
1: lo: mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:b7:3c:08 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.100.20/24 brd 192.168.100.255 scope global noprefixroute eth0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:feb7:3c08/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[root@localhost ~]#
禁用网卡lo
[root@localhost ~]# ip a s lo
1: lo: mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[root@localhost ~]# ip link set lo down
[root@localhost ~]# ip a s lo
1: lo: mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state DOWN group default qlen 1000
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[root@localhost ~]#
启用网卡lo
[root@localhost ~]# ip a s lo
1: lo: mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state DOWN group default qlen 1000
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[root@localhost ~]# ip link set lo up
[root@localhost ~]# ip a s lo
1: lo: mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[root@localhost ~]#
显示网络设备的运行状态
[root@localhost ~]# ip link list
1: lo: mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
2: eth0: mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:b7:3c:08 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
[root@localhost ~]#
4.ss命令操作
格式：ss 【参数】
常用参数
- -n 不解析服务名称。以数字方式显示
- -a 显示所有套接字
- -l 显示处于监听状态的套接字
- -e 显示详细的套接字信息
- -m 显示套接字的内存使用情况
- -p 显示使用套接字的进程
命令操作参考
显示tcp套接字
[root@localhost ~]# ss -ant
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:*
ESTAB 0 0 192.168.100.20:22 192.168.100.1:59259
ESTAB 0 36 192.168.100.20:22 192.168.100.1:59258
LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:*
[root@localhost ~]#
显示当前正在监听的tcp端口
[root@localhost ~]# ss -antl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:*
[root@localhost ~]#
显示监听的tcp端口运行在那个服务
[root@localhost ~]# ss -antlp
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* users:(("sshd",pid=1094,fd=5))
LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:* users:(("sshd",pid=1094,fd=7))
[root@localhost ~]#
5.网卡的配置
网卡配置文件最简配置如下：（九条命令缺一不可， 这就是最简化配置）
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
TYPE=Ethernet
BOOTPROTO=static //静态ip
NAME=eth0 //网卡名字
DEVICE=eth0 //网卡名字
ONBOOT=yes //开机是否启动该网卡
IPADDR=192.168.100.20 //ip地址
PREFIX=24 //子网掩码
GATEWAY=192.168.100.2 //网关
DNS1=114.114.114.114
[root@localhost ~]#
、
6.硬盘命令
常见的硬盘类型
IDE硬盘 hd开头{a|b|c|d|e…}以此内推
SCSI硬盘 sd开头和上面一样
虚拟化硬盘 vd开头和上面一样
分区
MBR分区(最多只能有4 个主分区)：
- 主分区 P: Primary 主要的 分区号1-4
- 常用分区类型：1P1ENL、2P1ENL、3P1ENL
- 扩展分区 E: Extend 扩展的 分区号2-4
- 逻辑分区 L: Lofical 逻辑的 分区号5以后
7.fdisk 命令及操作
格式：fdisk 【必要参数】【可选择参数】
必要参数：
- -l 列出所有分区表
- -u 与"-l"搭配使用，显示分区数目
选择 参数
- -v 查看版本信息
命令操作参考
显示当前分区情况
[root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sdb：100 GiB，107374182400 字节，209715200 个扇区
单元：扇区 / 1 * 512 = 512 字节
扇区大小(逻辑/物理)：512 字节 / 512 字节
I/O 大小(最小/最佳)：512 字节 / 512 字节
磁盘标签类型：dos
磁盘标识符：0x39e2d767
设备 启动 起点 末尾 扇区 大小 Id 类型
/dev/sdb1 2048 209715199 209713152 100G 83 Linux
查看硬盘的下有那东西，可以使用lsblk
[root@localhost ~]# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 100G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 1G 0 part /boot
└─sda2 8:2 0 99G 0 part
├─rhel-root 253:0 0 50G 0 lvm /
├─rhel-swap 253:1 0 4G 0 lvm [SWAP]
└─rhel-home 253:2 0 45G 0 lvm /home
sdb 8:16 0 100G 0 disk
└─sdb1 8:17 0 100G 0 part /shen
sr0 11:0 1 7.9G 0 rom
[root@localhost ~]#
8.格式化
注：格式化：目的是为了创建文件系统mkfs（MaKe FileSystem）
常见的格式化文件系统：fat32（单个文件不能超过4G）
ntfs（单个文件可以超过4G，兼容性差）
exfat（单个文件超过4G，兼容性好）
常见格式化命令：ext2、ext3、ext4、xfs、brfs
9挂载
格式：mount 【参数】
常用参数：
- -a 加载文件"/etc/fstab"中描述的所有文件系统
- -t 指定挂载类型
- -l 显示已加载的文件系统列表
挂载命令操作参考
[root@localhost ~]# df -h //查看挂载
文件系统 容量 已用 可用 已用% 挂载点
devtmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev
tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 1.9G 9.0M 1.9G 1% /run
tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/rhel-root 50G 1.9G 49G 4% /
/dev/sdb1 100G 746M 100G 1% /shen
/dev/mapper/rhel-home 46G 354M 45G 1% /home
/dev/sda1 1014M 179M 836M 18% /boot
tmpfs 376M 0 376M 0% /run/user/0
[root@localhost ~]#
[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/sr0 /mnt //这里是挂载
mount: /mnt: WARNING: device write-protected, mounted read-only.
[root@localhost ~]#
[root@localhost ~]# df -h //挂载之后查看能看见后面有/dev/sr0
文件系统 容量 已用 可用 已用% 挂载点
devtmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev
tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 1.9G 9.0M 1.9G 1% /run
tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/rhel-root 50G 1.9G 49G 4% /
/dev/sdb1 100G 746M 100G 1% /shen
/dev/mapper/rhel-home 46G 354M 45G 1% /home
/dev/sda1 1014M 179M 836M 18% /boot
tmpfs 376M 0 376M 0% /run/user/0
/dev/sr0 7.9G 7.9G 0 100% /mnt
[root@localhost ~]#
取消挂载命令操作参考
[root@localhost ~]# df -h
文件系统 容量 已用 可用 已用% 挂载点
devtmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev
tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 1.9G 9.0M 1.9G 1% /run
tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/rhel-root 50G 1.9G 49G 4% /
/dev/sdb1 100G 746M 100G 1% /shen
/dev/mapper/rhel-home 46G 354M 45G 1% /home
/dev/sda1 1014M 179M 836M 18% /boot
tmpfs 376M 0 376M 0% /run/user/0
/dev/sr0 7.9G 7.9G 0 100% /mnt
[root@localhost ~]# umount /mnt //取消挂载
[root@localhost ~]# df -h
文件系统 容量 已用 可用 已用% 挂载点
devtmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev
tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 1.9G 9.0M 1.9G 1% /run
tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/rhel-root 50G 1.9G 49G 4% /
/dev/sdb1 100G 746M 100G 1% /shen
/dev/mapper/rhel-home 46G 354M 45G 1% /home
/dev/sda1 1014M 179M 836M 18% /boot
tmpfs 376M 0 376M 0% /run/user/0
[root@localhost ~]#
10.永久挂载
永久挂载就是我们挂载之后， 关机再开机依然属于挂载状态。
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/fstab
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/fstab
#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Thu Jul 8 22:52:26 2021
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk/'.
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info.
#
# After editing this file, run 'systemctl daemon-reload' to update systemd
# units generated from this file.
#
/dev/mapper/rhel-root / xfs defaults 0 0
UUID=9e0bf194-9b0e-4078-963d-805fadb6ab97 /boot xfs defaults 0 0
/dev/mapper/rhel-home /home xfs defaults 0 0
/dev/mapper/rhel-swap swap swap defaults 0 0
UUID="2db18667-024d-43d0-bee9-41fe46f5c13e" /shen xfs defaults 0 0 //最好用uuid挂载。
[root@localhost ~]#
[root@localhost ~]# mount -a
[root@localhost ~]# df -h
文件系统 容量 已用 可用 已用% 挂载点
devtmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev
tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 1.9G 9.0M 1.9G 1% /run
tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/rhel-root 50G 1.9G 49G 4% /
/dev/sdb1 100G 746M 100G 1% /shen //这里我们可以看见挂载成功
/dev/mapper/rhel-home 46G 354M 45G 1% /home
/dev/sda1 1014M 179M 836M 18% /boot
tmpfs 376M 0 376M 0% /run/user/0
[root@localhost ~]#
11.计划任务
格式：分、时、日、月、周 任务
- */2 每两分钟
- 1-10 每小时的第1到10分钟
- 1,10 每小时的第1和第10分钟
命令操作参考(-e是写入)
[root@localhost ~]# crontab -l
*/5 * * * * /bin/bash
[root@localhost ~]#
12.日志服务与管理
rsyslog特点：
- 支持多线程
- 支持TCP、SSL、TLS、RELP等协议
- 强大的过滤器，可实现过滤日志信息中的任意部分
- 支持自定义输出格式
- 适用于企业级别日志记录需求
- 模块化
13.httpd编译安装
源码编辑安装三部曲：
- ./configure
- make
- make install
命令操作参考
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install openssl-devel pcre-devel expat-devel //安装运行环境
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
上次元数据过期检查：0:00:20 前，执行于 2021年07月11日 星期日 05时45分43秒。
依赖关系解决。
=================================================
软件包 架构 版本 仓库 大小
=================================================
安装:
expat-devel x86_64 2.2.5-3.el8 BaseOS 55 k
openssl-devel x86_64 1:1.1.1c-15.el8
BaseOS 2.3 M
pcre-devel x86_64 8.42-4.el8 BaseOS 551 k
安装依赖关系:
keyutils-libs-devel
[root@localhost ~]# wget -c //下载并安装apr和apr-util https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/apache/apr/apr-1.7.0.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# wget -c https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/apache/apr/apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz
--2021-07-11 05:49:38-- https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/apache/apr/apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz
正在解析主机 mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn (mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn)... 101.6.8.193, 2402:f000:1:408:8100::1
正在连接 mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn (mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn)|101.6.8.193|:443... 已连接。
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长度：554301 (541K) [application/octet-stream]
正在保存至: “apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz”
apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz 100%[==============================================>] 541.31K 2.37MB/s 用时 0.2s
2021-07-11 05:49:38 (2.37 MB/s) - 已保存 “apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz” [554301/554301])
[root@localhost ~]#
[root@localhost ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz shen
apr-1.7.0.tar.gz liuqiangchishi
[root@localhost ~]# tar xf apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# tar xf apr-1.7.0.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg apr-util-1.6.1 shen
apr-1.7.0 apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz
apr-1.7.0.tar.gz liuqiangchishi
[root@localhost ~]#
[root@localhost ~]# cd apr-1.7.0
[root@localhost apr-1.7.0]#
[root@localhost apr-1.7.0]# vi configure
cfgfile=${ofile}T
trap "$RM \"$cfgfile\"; exit 1" 1 2 15
#$RM "$cfgfile" //利用查找命令找到这一行，并且注释掉。
[root@localhost apr-1.7.0]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr
checking build system type... x86_64-pc-linux-gnu
checking host system type... x86_64-pc-linux-gnu
checking target system type... x86_64-pc-linux-gnu
Configuring APR library
Platform: x86_64-pc-linux-gnu
checking for working mkdir -p... yes
APR Version: 1.7.0
checking for chosen layout... apr
checking for gcc... no
checking for cc... no
checking for cl.exe... no
configure: error: in `/root/apr-1.7.0':
configure: error: no acceptable C compiler found in $PATH
See `config.log' for more details
[root@localhost apr-1.7.0]#
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install gcc-c++ -y //安装编译器
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscrip
tion Management. You can use subscription-manager
to register.
完毕！
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install gcc
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscrip
tion Management. You can use subscription-manager
to register.
上次元数据过期检查：0:13:54 前，执行于 2021年07月
11日 星期日 05时45分43秒。
[root@localhost apr-1.7.0]# ./configure
略过
[root@localhost apr-1.7.0]# make
略过
[root@localhost apr-1.7.0]# make install //安装
make[1]: 进入目录“/root/apr-1.7.0”
make[1]: 对“local-all”无需做任何事。
make[1]: 离开目录“/root/apr-1.7.0”
/root/apr-1.7.0/build/mkdir.sh /usr/local/apr/lib /usr/local/apr/bin /usr/local/apr/build-1 \
/usr/local/apr/lib/pkgconfig /usr/local/apr/include/apr-1
/usr/bin/install -c -m 644 /root/apr-1.7.0/include/apr.h /usr/local/apr/include/apr-1
for f in /root/apr-1.7.0/include/apr_*.h; do \
/usr/bin/install -c -m 644 ${f} /usr/local/apr/include/apr-1; \
done
/bin/sh /root/apr-1.7.0/libtool --mode=install /usr/bin/install -c -m 755 libapr-1.la /usr/local/apr/lib
libtool: install: /usr/bin/install -c -m 755 .libs/libapr-1.so.0.7.0 /usr/local/apr/lib/libapr-1.so.0.7.0
libtool: install: (cd /usr/local/apr/lib && { ln -s -f libapr-1.so.0.7.0 libapr-1.so.0 || { rm -f libapr-1.so.0 && ln -s libapr-1.so.0.7.0 libapr-1.so.0; }; })
libtool: install: (cd /usr/local/apr/lib && { ln -s -f libapr-1.so.0.7.0 libapr-1.so || { rm -f libapr-1.so && ln -s libapr-1.so.0.7.0 libapr-1.so; }; })
libtool: install: /usr/bin/install -c -m 755 .libs/libapr-1.lai /usr/local/apr/lib/libapr-1.la
libtool: install: /usr/bin/install -c -m 755 .libs/libapr-1.a /usr/local/apr/lib/libapr-1.a
libtool: install: chmod 644 /usr/local/apr/lib/libapr-1.a
libtool: install: ranlib /usr/local/apr/lib/libapr-1.a
libtool: finish: PATH="/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin:/sbin" ldconfig -n /usr/local/apr/lib
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Libraries have been installed in:
/usr/local/apr/lib
If you ever happen to want to link against installed libraries
in a given directory, LIBDIR, you must either use libtool, and
specify the full pathname of the library, or use the '-LLIBDIR'
flag during linking and do at least one of the following:
- add LIBDIR to the 'LD_LIBRARY_PATH' environment variable
during execution
- add LIBDIR to the 'LD_RUN_PATH' environment variable
during linking
- use the '-Wl,-rpath -Wl,LIBDIR' linker flag
- have your system administrator add LIBDIR to '/etc/ld.so.conf'
See any operating system documentation about shared libraries for
more information, such as the ld(1) and ld.so(8) manual pages.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
/usr/bin/install -c -m 644 apr.exp /usr/local/apr/lib/apr.exp
/usr/bin/install -c -m 644 apr.pc /usr/local/apr/lib/pkgconfig/apr-1.pc
for f in libtool shlibtool; do \
if test -f ${f}; then /usr/bin/install -c -m 755 ${f} /usr/local/apr/build-1; fi; \
done
/usr/bin/install -c -m 755 /root/apr-1.7.0/build/mkdir.sh /usr/local/apr/build-1
for f in make_exports.awk make_var_export.awk; do \
/usr/bin/install -c -m 644 /root/apr-1.7.0/build/${f} /usr/local/apr/build-1; \
done
/usr/bin/install -c -m 644 build/apr_rules.out /usr/local/apr/build-1/apr_rules.mk
/usr/bin/install -c -m 755 apr-config.out /usr/local/apr/bin/apr-1-config
[root@localhost apr-1.7.0]#
apr-util安装
[root@localhost ~]# cd apr-util-1.6.1
[root@localhost apr-util-1.6.1]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr
root@localhost apr-util-1.6.1]# make
root@localhost apr-util-1.6.1]# make install
http安装
[root@localhost ~]# wget -c https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/apache/httpd/httpd-2.4.48.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# tar xf httpd-2.4.48.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# cd httpd-2.4.48/
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.48]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/httpd --with-apr=/usr/local/apr --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.48]# make
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.48]# make install
//编辑安装完成之后启动httpd服务
root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/httpd/bin/apachectl start
il安装
[root@localhost ~]# cd apr-util-1.6.1
[root@localhost apr-util-1.6.1]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr
root@localhost apr-util-1.6.1]# make
root@localhost apr-util-1.6.1]# make install
http安装
[root@localhost ~]# wget -c https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/apache/httpd/httpd-2.4.48.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# tar xf httpd-2.4.48.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# cd httpd-2.4.48/
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.48]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/httpd --with-apr=/usr/local/apr --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.48]# make
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.48]# make install
//编辑安装完成之后启动httpd服务
root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/httpd/bin/apachectl start