Oracle Database 12c Release 1 Installation On Oracle Linux 6.4 x86_64
Create groups and users
[root@vmdb12c ~]# groupadd oinstall [root@vmdb12c ~]# groupadd dba [root@vmdb12c ~]# groupadd oper [root@vmdb12c ~]# groupadd backupdba [root@vmdb12c ~]# groupadd dgdba [root@vmdb12c ~]# groupadd kmdba [root@vmdb12c ~]# useradd -g oinstall -G dba,oper,backupdba,dgdba,kmdba oracle [root@vmdb12c ~]# passwd oracle Changing password for user oracle. New password: BAD PASSWORD: it is based on a dictionary word BAD PASSWORD: is too simple Retype new password: passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully. [root@vmdb12c ~]# id oracle uid=501(oracle) gid=501(oinstall) groups=501(oinstall),502(dba),503(oper),504(backupdba),505(dgdba),506(kmdba)
Oracle Installation Prerequisites
[root@vmdb12c yum.repos.d]# wget http://public-yum.oracle.com/public-yum-ol6.repo --2013-09-01 14:05:42-- http://public-yum.oracle.com/public-yum-ol6.repo Resolving public-yum.oracle.com... 137.254.56.43 Connecting to public-yum.oracle.com|137.254.56.43|:80... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK Length: 2778 (2.7K) [text/plain] Saving to: “public-yum-ol6.repo.3” 100%[===========================================================================================================================================================================================>] 2,778 --.-K/s in 0s 2013-09-01 14:05:42 (280 MB/s) - “public-yum-ol6.repo.3” saved [2778/2778]
[root@vmdb12c ~]# yum install oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall Loaded plugins: refresh-packagekit, security Setting up Install Process Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall.x86_64 0:1.0-8.el6 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: compat-libcap1 for package: oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall-1.0-8.el6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: ksh for package: oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall-1.0-8.el6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libaio-devel for package: oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall-1.0-8.el6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: compat-libstdc++-33 for package: oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall-1.0-8.el6.x86_64 --> Running transaction check ---> Package compat-libcap1.x86_64 0:1.10-1 will be installed ---> Package compat-libstdc++-33.x86_64 0:3.2.3-69.el6 will be installed ---> Package ksh.x86_64 0:20100621-19.el6_4.4 will be installed ---> Package libaio-devel.x86_64 0:0.3.107-10.el6 will be installed --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ===================================================================================================================================================================================================================================== Package Arch Version Repository Size ===================================================================================================================================================================================================================================== Installing: oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall x86_64 1.0-8.el6 ol6_latest 15 k Installing for dependencies: compat-libcap1 x86_64 1.10-1 ol6_latest 17 k compat-libstdc++-33 x86_64 3.2.3-69.el6 ol6_latest 183 k ksh x86_64 20100621-19.el6_4.4 ol6_latest 686 k libaio-devel x86_64 0.3.107-10.el6 ol6_latest 13 k Transaction Summary ===================================================================================================================================================================================================================================== Install 5 Package(s) Total download size: 913 k Installed size: 2.4 M Is this ok [y/N]: y Downloading Packages: (1/5): compat-libcap1-1.10-1.x86_64.rpm | 17 kB 00:00 (2/5): compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.x86_64.rpm | 183 kB 00:01 (3/5): ksh-20100621-19.el6_4.4.x86_64.rpm | 686 kB 00:02 (4/5): libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64.rpm | 13 kB 00:00 (5/5): oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall-1.0-8.el6.x86_64.rpm | 15 kB 00:00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total 163 kB/s | 913 kB 00:05 warning: rpmts_HdrFromFdno: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID ec551f03: NOKEY Retrieving key from http://public-yum.oracle.com/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle-ol6 Importing GPG key 0xEC551F03: Userid: "Oracle OSS group (Open Source Software group) <[email protected]>" From : http://public-yum.oracle.com/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle-ol6 Is this ok [y/N]: y Running rpm_check_debug Running Transaction Test Transaction Test Succeeded Running Transaction Installing : ksh-20100621-19.el6_4.4.x86_64 1/5 Installing : libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64 2/5 Installing : compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.x86_64 3/5 Installing : compat-libcap1-1.10-1.x86_64 4/5 Installing : oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall-1.0-8.el6.x86_64 5/5 Verifying : compat-libcap1-1.10-1.x86_64 1/5 Verifying : compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.x86_64 2/5 Verifying : libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64 3/5 Verifying : oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall-1.0-8.el6.x86_64 4/5 Verifying : ksh-20100621-19.el6_4.4.x86_64 5/5 Installed: oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall.x86_64 0:1.0-8.el6 Dependency Installed: compat-libcap1.x86_64 0:1.10-1 compat-libstdc++-33.x86_64 0:3.2.3-69.el6 ksh.x86_64 0:20100621-19.el6_4.4 libaio-devel.x86_64 0:0.3.107-10.el6 Complete!
[root@vmdb12c ~]# cat /etc/sysctl.conf # Kernel sysctl configuration file for Red Hat Linux # # For binary values, 0 is disabled, 1 is enabled. See sysctl(8) and # sysctl.conf(5) for more details. # Controls IP packet forwarding net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0 # Controls source route verification net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1 # Do not accept source routing net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0 # Controls the System Request debugging functionality of the kernel kernel.sysrq = 0 # Controls whether core dumps will append the PID to the core filename. # Useful for debugging multi-threaded applications. kernel.core_uses_pid = 1 # Controls the use of TCP syncookies net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1 # Disable netfilter on bridges. net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 0 net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 0 net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-arptables = 0 # Controls the default maxmimum size of a mesage queue kernel.msgmnb = 65536 # Controls the maximum size of a message, in bytes kernel.msgmax = 65536 # Controls the maximum shared segment size, in bytes # Controls the maximum number of shared memory segments, in pages kernel.shmall = 4294967296 # oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall setting for fs.file-max is 6815744 fs.file-max = 6815744 # oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall setting for kernel.sem is '250 32000 100 128' kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128 # oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall setting for kernel.shmmni is 4096 kernel.shmmni = 4096 # oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall setting for kernel.shmall is 1073741824 on x86_64 # oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall setting for kernel.shmmax is 4398046511104 on x86_64 kernel.shmmax = 4398046511104 # oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall setting for net.core.rmem_default is 262144 net.core.rmem_default = 262144 # oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall setting for net.core.rmem_max is 4194304 net.core.rmem_max = 4194304 # oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall setting for net.core.wmem_default is 262144 net.core.wmem_default = 262144 # oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall setting for net.core.wmem_max is 1048576 net.core.wmem_max = 1048576 # oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall setting for fs.aio-max-nr is 1048576 fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576 # oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall setting for net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range is 9000 65500 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
[root@vmdb12c ~]# cat /etc/security/limits.conf |grep -v ^# oracle soft nofile 1024 oracle hard nofile 65536 oracle soft nproc 2047 oracle hard nproc 16384 oracle soft stack 10240 oracle hard stack 32768
Cannot Increase "nproc" Value More Than 1024 in Oracle Linux 6 (Doc ID 1487773.1)
[root@vmdb12c ~]# cat /etc/security/limits.d/90-nproc.conf # Default limit for number of user's processes to prevent # accidental fork bombs. # See rhbz #432903 for reasoning. #* soft nproc 1024 * - nproc 16384 root soft nproc unlimited
Create the directories in which the Oracle software will be installed
[root@vmdb12c ~]# mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle [root@vmdb12c ~]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app [root@vmdb12c ~]# chmod -R 775 /u01
Add the following lines at the end of the "/home/oracle/.bash_profile" file
alias ls="ls -FA"
ORACLE_SID=zwc; export ORACLE_SID
ORACLE_UNQNAME=zwc; export ORACLE_UNQNAME
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle; export ORACLE_BASE
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1; export ORACLE_HOME
ORACLE_PATH=/u01/app/common/oracle/sql; export ORACLE_PATH
ORACLE_TERM=xterm; export ORACLE_TERM
TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin; export TNS_ADMIN
ORA_NLS11=$ORACLE_HOME/nls/data; export ORA_NLS11
NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK; export NLS_LANG
PATH=.:${JAVA_HOME}/bin:${PATH}:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch
PATH=${PATH}:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/bin/X11:/usr/local/bin
PATH=${PATH}:/u01/app/common/oracle/bin
export PATH
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/oracm/lib
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/local/lib
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE
CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib
CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/network/jlib
export CLASSPATH
THREADS_FLAG=native; export THREADS_FLAG
export TEMP=/tmp
export TMPDIR=/tmp
umask 022
Installation
Create Database
[oracle@vmdb12c admin]$ sqlplus system/[email protected]:1527/zwc SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.1.0 Production on Sun Sep 1 14:59:14 2013 Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved. Last Successful login time: Sun Sep 01 2013 14:58:52 +08:00 Connected to: Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.1.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options SQL> show pdbs CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED ---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ---------- 2 PDB$SEED READ ONLY NO 3 ZHONGWC1 READ WRITE NO 4 ZHONGWC2 READ WRITE NO SQL> Disconnected from Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.1.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options [oracle@vmdb12c admin]$ sqlplus system/[email protected]:1527/zhongwc1 SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.1.0 Production on Sun Sep 1 14:59:20 2013 Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved. Last Successful login time: Sun Sep 01 2013 14:58:58 +08:00 Connected to: Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.1.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options SQL> show pdbs CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED ---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ---------- 3 ZHONGWC1 READ WRITE NO SQL> alter session set container=zhongwc2; Session altered. SQL> show pdbs CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED ---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ---------- 4 ZHONGWC2 READ WRITE NO SQL> create user zwc identified by zwcpwd; User created. SQL> grant dba to zwc; Grant succeeded. SQL> conn zwc/[email protected]:1527/zhongwc1 ERROR: ORA-01017: invalid username/password; logon denied Warning: You are no longer connected to ORACLE. SQL> conn zwc/[email protected]:1527/zhongwc2 Connected. SQL>
C:\>sqlplus zwc/[email protected]:1527/zhongwc2 SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on 星期日 9月 1 15:03:48 2013 Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved. 连接到: Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.1.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options SQL> show user USER 为 "ZWC" SQL>