使用maven构建android项目
更好的阅读效果，请查看原文地址：http://keepcleargas.bitbucket.org/android/2014/04/01/using-maven-to-package-android.html
为什么引入maven构建方式
做过java后台开发的人员应该都知道,maven使用解决依赖包管理问题的,同时优化测试，打包，部署等流程的.
在android里,
- maven可以管理你的依赖包
- 打包成apklib,管理自己的组件库
- 动态配置你的发布渠道(此点非常方便)
- 签名，打包，混淆一条龙服务.
开始使用maven
引入pom.xml
<project xmlns=“http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0”
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.test</groupId>
<artifactId>apkDeplorer</artifactId>
<version>1.0.0</version>
<packaging>apk</packaging>
<name>apkDeplorer</name>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.google.android</groupId>
<artifactId>android</artifactId>
<version>4.1.1.4</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.google.android</groupId>
<artifactId>support-v4</artifactId>
<version>r7</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<properties>
<keystore.filename>apkDeplorer.keystore</keystore.filename>
<keystore.storepass>kison.chen@zaozao</keystore.storepass>
<keystore.keypass>kison.chen@zaozao</keystore.keypass>
<keystore.alias>kison-android-app</keystore.alias>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
</properties>
<build>
<finalName>${project.artifactId}-${project.version}-${manifest.metadata.id}</finalName>
<sourceDirectory>src/main/java</sourceDirectory>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>.</directory>
<filtering>true</filtering>
<targetPath>../filtered-resources</targetPath>
<includes>
<include>AndroidManifest.xml</include>
</includes>
</resource>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/resources</directory>
<filtering>true</filtering>
<includes>
<include>**/*</include>
</includes>
<excludes>
<exclude>**/env-*.properties</exclude>
</excludes>
</resource>
</resources>
<pluginManagement>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>com.jayway.maven.plugins.android.generation2</groupId>
<artifactId>android-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.6.0</version>
<extensions>true</extensions>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>run</id>
<goals>
<goal>deploy</goal>
<goal>run</goal>
</goals>
<phase>install</phase>
</execution>
</executions>
<configuration>
<proguardConfig>proguard-project.txt</proguardConfig>
<proguardSkip>${project.build.proguardSkip}</proguardSkip>
<manifestDebuggable>${manifest.debuggable}</manifestDebuggable>
<androidManifestFile>target/filtered-resources/AndroidManifest.xml
</androidManifestFile>
<release>${project.build.release}</release>
<run>
<debug>${project.build.debug}</debug>
</run>
<runDebug>${project.build.runDebug}</runDebug>
<sign>
<debug>${project.build.sign.debug}</debug>
</sign>
<undeployBeforeDeploy>true</undeployBeforeDeploy>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</pluginManagement>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>com.jayway.maven.plugins.android.generation2</groupId>
<artifactId>android-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.8.0</version>
<configuration>
<sdk>
<platform>15</platform>
</sdk>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
<artifactId>keytool-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
<configuration>
<keystore>${keystore.filename}</keystore>
<storepass>${keystore.storepass}</storepass>
<keypass>${keystore.keypass}</keypass>
<alias>${keystore.alias}</alias>
<dname>CN=iKoding, OU=iKoding, O=iKoding, C=CN</dname>
<sigalg>SHA1withDSA</sigalg>
<validity>10000</validity>
<keyalg>DSA</keyalg>
<keysize>1024</keysize>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<source>1.6</source>
<target>1.6</target>
<encoding>UTF8</encoding>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.6</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<phase>initialize</phase>
<goals>
<goal>resources</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
<profiles>
<profile>
<id>debug</id>
<activation>
<activeByDefault>true</activeByDefault>
</activation>
<build>
<filters>
<filter>src/main/resources/env-debug.properties</filter>
</filters>
</build>
<properties>
<project.build.debug>true</project.build.debug>
<project.build.runDebug>false</project.build.runDebug>
<project.build.proguardSkip>true</project.build.proguardSkip>
<project.build.release>false</project.build.release>
<project.build.sign.debug>true</project.build.sign.debug>
<manifest.debuggable>true</manifest.debuggable>
</properties>
</profile>
<profile>
<id>release</id>
<properties>
<project.build.debug>false</project.build.debug>
<project.build.runDebug>false</project.build.runDebug>
<project.build.proguardSkip>false</project.build.proguardSkip>
<project.build.release>true</project.build.release>
<project.build.sign.debug>false</project.build.sign.debug>
<manifest.debuggable>false</manifest.debuggable>
</properties>
<build>
<filters>
<filter>src/main/resources/env-release.properties</filter>
</filters>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-jarsigner-plugin</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>sign</id>
<goals>
<goal>sign</goal>
</goals>
<phase>package</phase>
<inherited>true</inherited>
<configuration>
<includes>
<include>${project.build.outputDirectory}/*.apk</include>
</includes>
<keystore>${keystore.filename}</keystore>
<storepass>${keystore.storepass}</storepass>
<keypass>${keystore.keypass}</keypass>
<alias>${keystore.alias}</alias>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</profile>
<!-- 渠道profiles -->
<profile>
<id>channel-test</id>
<activation>
<activeByDefault>true</activeByDefault>
</activation>
<properties>
<manifest.metadata.id>test</manifest.metadata.id>
<manifest.metadata.channel>test</manifest.metadata.channel>
</properties>
</profile>
<profile>
<id>channel-91</id>
<properties>
<manifest.metadata.id>91-market</manifest.metadata.id>
<manifest.metadata.channel>91 market</manifest.metadata.channel>
</properties>
</profile>
<profile>
<id>channel-yingyonghui</id>
<properties>
<manifest.metadata.id>yingyonghui-market</manifest.metadata.id>
<manifest.metadata.channel>yingyonghui market</manifest.metadata.channel>
</properties>
</profile>
<profile>
<id>channel-tongbutui</id>
<properties>
<manifest.metadata.id>tongbutui-market</manifest.metadata.id>
<manifest.metadata.channel>tongbutui market</manifest.metadata.channel>
</properties>
</profile>
<profile>
<id>channel-tengxun</id>
<properties>
<manifest.metadata.id>tengxun-market</manifest.metadata.id>
<manifest.metadata.channel>tengxun market</manifest.metadata.channel>
</properties>
</profile>
<profile>
<id>channel-anzhi</id>
<properties>
<manifest.metadata.id>anzhi-market</manifest.metadata.id>
<manifest.metadata.channel>anzhi market</manifest.metadata.channel>
</properties>
</profile>
<profile>
<id>channel-gfan</id>
<properties>
<manifest.metadata.id>gfan</manifest.metadata.id>
<manifest.metadata.channel>gfan</manifest.metadata.channel>
</properties>
</profile>
</profiles>
安装本地依赖包
由于国内的第三方库多未以maven形式打包,故我们要手动将jar包安装到本地maven库.（高德地图为例）
{% highlight xml %}
mvn install:install-file -DgroupId=com.autonavi -DartifactId=libamapv3 -Dversion=v3 -Dfile=/Users/keepcleargas/Downloads/AMapSDKV2Demo/libs/armeabi/libamapv3.so -Dpackaging=so -DgeneratePom=true -Dclassifier=armeabi
mvn install:install-file -DgroupId=com.autonavi -DartifactId=location -Dversion=2.0.0 -Dfile=/Users/keepcleargas/Downloads/AMapSDKV2Demo/libs/MapApiLocation.jar -Dpackaging=jar -DgeneratePom=true
{% endhighlight %}
添加依赖包到pom.xml
{% highlight xml %}
<groupId>com.autonavi</groupId>
<artifactId>libamapv3</artifactId>
<version>v3</version>
<classifier>armeabi</classifier>
<scope>runtime</scope>
<type>so</type>
<groupId>com.autonavi</groupId>
<artifactId>map</artifactId>
<version>2.0.0</version>
<groupId>com.autonavi</groupId>
<artifactId>ApiLocation</artifactId>
<version>2.0.0</version>
<groupId>com.autonavi</groupId>
<artifactId>ApiSearch</artifactId>
<version>2.0.0</version>
{% endhighlight %}
android的maven版本构建
由于在maven central中 android版本只有4.1.1.4
我们需要一个工具来安装新版的android sdk. Maven Android SDK Deployer.
根据Maven Android SDK Deployer的wiki 文案,mvn install -P 4.4 在pom.xml导入 4.4.2的安卓包.
{% highlight xml %}
<dependency>
<groupId>android</groupId>
<artifactId>android</artifactId>
<version>4.4.2_r3</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
{% endhighlight %}
构建中可能出现的问题
- maven版本问题
使用过程中可能会出现版本问题,笔者这里用的是maven 3.1.1,com.jayway.maven.plugins.android.generation2:android-maven-plugin:3.8.2 - .9图片问题
{% highlight xml %}
ERROR: 9-patch image Project/res/drawable- hdpi/input_03_mid.9.png malformed.
[INFO] Must have one-pixel frame that is either transparent or white.
[INFO] ERROR: Failure processing PNG image Project/res/drawable-hdpi/input_03_mid.9.png
{% endhighlight %}
将.9图片标准化 即可
命令执行
{% highlight xml %}
mvn clean package
打包，但不部署。
mvn clean install
打包，部署并运行。
mvn clean package android:redeploy android:run
这个命令通常用于手机上已经安装了要部署的应用，但签名不同，所以我们打包的同时使用redeploy命令将现有应用删除并重新部署，最后使用run命令运行应用。
mvn android:redeploy android:run
不打包，将已生成的包重新部署并运行。
mvn android:deploy android:run
部署并运行已生成的包，与redeploy不同的是，deploy不会删除已有部署和应用数据。
mvn clean install -Prelease,channel-91
打包签名,的渠道为channel-91的apk
{% endhighlight %}
参考文献
- 使用Maven构建Android项目
- MAVEN Invalid SDK: Platform/API level 16 not available
- .9图片问题
- maven中使用高德地图
- Maven Android SDK Deployer
- maven-android-plugin
- apkDeplorer-maven打包android的demo