用Castor 处理XML文档

——Castor可以完成Java和XML的相互转换

前面有介绍过json-lib这个框架,在线博文:http://www.cnblogs.com/hoojo/archive/2011/04/21/2023805.html

以及Jackson这个框架,在线博文:http://www.cnblogs.com/hoojo/archive/2011/04/22/2024628.html

它们都可以完成Java对象到XML的转换,但是还不是那么的完善。还有XStream对JSON及XML的支持,它可以对JSON或XML的完美转换。在线博文:

http://www.cnblogs.com/hoojo/archive/2011/04/22/2025197.html

这 里将介绍Castor来完成Java对象到xml的相互转换。它是怎么样转换的?和前面不同的是castor可以用一个mapping.xml文件来描述 转换后的Java对象的xml基本形态,类似于xStream的annotation,这点还是非常不错的。下面我们就来看看Castor是怎么样完成 Java对象到XML之间的相互转换吧。

一、 准备工作

1、 官方资源

本示例会运用到如下依赖包(jar包):

clip_image002

资源及jar包下载:http://www.castor.org/download.html

junit jar下载地址:

https://github.com/KentBeck/junit/downloads

关于官方提供的mapping配置相关示例、文档:

http://www.castor.org/xml-mapping.html

ibm提供的castor方面的文档资料:

http://www.google.com.hk/search?hl=zh-CN&newwindow=1&safe=strict&client=aff-cs-360se&hs=Gon&biw=1349&bih=603&q=castor+site%3Awww.ibm.com%2Fdeveloperworks%2Fcn%2Fxml%2F&aq=f&aqi=&aql=&oq =

2、 程序测试运行代码

package com.hoo.test;

 

import java.io.IOException;

import java.io.StringReader;

import java.io.StringWriter;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import java.util.HashMap;

import java.util.List;

import java.util.Map;

import org.exolab.castor.mapping.Mapping;

import org.exolab.castor.mapping.MappingException;

import org.exolab.castor.xml.MarshalException;

import org.exolab.castor.xml.Marshaller;

import org.exolab.castor.xml.Unmarshaller;

import org.exolab.castor.xml.ValidationException;

import org.junit.After;

import org.junit.Before;

import org.junit.Test;

import com.hoo.entity.Account;

import com.hoo.entity.AccountArray;

import com.hoo.entity.Birthday;

import com.hoo.entity.ListBean;

import com.hoo.entity.MapBean;

 

/**

* <b>function:</b>Castor完成Java对象到XML的相互转换

* 依赖jar: castor-1.3.jar

* castor-1.3-core.jar

* junit-4.8.2.jar

* log4j-1.2.16.jar

* commons-logging.jar

* @author hoojo

* @createDate 2011-4-21 下午07:57:26

* @file CastorTest.java

* @package com.hoo.test

* @project WebHttpUtils

* @blog http://blog.csdn.net/IBM_hoojo

* @email [email protected]

* @version 1.0

*/

public class CastorTest {

 

private Account bean = null;

private Mapping mapping = new Mapping();

private StringWriter writer = null;

private StringReader reader = null;

 

@Before

public void init() {

bean = new Account();

bean.setAddress("北京" );

bean.setEmail("email" );

bean.setId(1);

bean.setName("jack" );

Birthday day = new Birthday();

day.setBirthday("2010-11-22" );

bean.setBirthday(day);

 

try {

/**

* 加载mapping.xml,此文件是对需要转换的Java对象的配置描述,

* 即:转换后的Java对象的xml内容的转换规则

*/

mapping.loadMapping(System.getProperty("user.dir" ) + "\\src\\mapping.xml" );

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (MappingException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

 

@After

public void destory() {

bean = null;

mapping = null;

try {

if (writer != null) {

writer.flush();

writer.close();

}

if (reader != null) {

reader.close();

}

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

System.gc();

}

 

public void fail(Object o) {

System.out.println(o);

}

 

public void failRed(Object o) {

System.err.println(o);

}

}

Mapping对象可以完成Java对象到XML的编组和解组,它需要先设定一个mapping.xml,通过xml对JavaObject的描述。来完成JavaObject的编组、解组工作。

3、 看看即将被转换的JavaEntity代码

Account

package com.hoo.entity;

 

public class Account {

private int id;

private String name;

private String email;

private String address;

private Birthday birthday;

 

//setter、getter

@Override

public String toString() {

return this .id + "#" + this .name + "#" + this .email + "#" + this .address + "#" + this .birthday;

}

}

Birthday

package com.hoo.entity;

 

public class Birthday {

private String birthday;

 

public Birthday(String birthday) {

super ();

this .birthday = birthday;

}

//getter、setter

public Birthday() {}

 

@Override

public String toString() {

return this .birthday;

}

}

AccountArray

package com.hoo.entity;

 

public class AccountArray {

private Account[] accounts;

private int size;

public int getSize() {

size = accounts.length;

return size;

}

public void setSize(int size) {

this .size = size;

}

public Account[] getAccounts() {

return accounts;

}

public void setAccounts(Account[] accounts) {

this .accounts = accounts;

}

}

ListBean

package com.hoo.entity;

 

import java.util.List;

 

public class ListBean {

private String name;

private List list;

//setter、getter

}

MapBean

package com.hoo.entity;

 

import java.util.Map;

 

public class MapBean {

private Map<String, Object> map;

 

public Map<String, Object> getMap() {

return map;

}

public void setMap(Map<String, Object> map) {

this .map = map;

}

}

二、 编组 JavaObject XML

1、 将JavaBean编组,转换成XML

/**

* <b>function:</b>将Javabean编组,转换成XML

* @author hoojo

* @createDate 2011-4-22 下午12:08:48

*/

@Test

public void writeBean2XML() {

writer = new StringWriter();

try {

//编组

Marshaller.marshal(bean, writer);

fail(writer);

} catch (MarshalException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (Exception e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

代码很简单,通过Marshaller的marshal方法来完成Java对象到XML的编组(序列化、转换)工作。

运行后的结果如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>

<account id="1" ><address>北京</address><email>email</email><name>jack</name>

<birthday><birthday>2010-11-22</birthday></birthday></account>

2、 将List集合转换成XML

/**

* <b>function:</b>将List转换成xml

* @author hoojo

* @createDate 2011-4-22 下午12:11:00

*/

@Test

public void writeList2XML() {

writer = new StringWriter();

List<Account> list = new ArrayList<Account>();

list.add(bean);

bean = new Account();

bean.setName("tom" );

bean.setId(223);

list.add(bean);

try {

Marshaller.marshal(list, writer);

fail(writer);

} catch (MarshalException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (Exception e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

运行后,结果如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>

<array-list>

<account xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:java="http://java.sun.com" id="1" xsi:type="java:com.hoo.entity.Account" >

<address>北京</address><email>email</email><name>jack</name><birthday><birthday>2010-11-22</birthday></birthday></account>

<account xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:java="http://java.sun.com" id="223" xsi:type="java:com.hoo.entity.Account" >

<name>tom</name>

</account>

</array-list>

怎么样,List存放的是2个Account吧。

3、 将Array数组转换成XML

/**

* <b>function:</b>将Array数组转换成XML

* @author hoojo

* @createDate 2011-4-22 下午12:11:25

*/

@Test

public void writeArray2XML() {

writer = new StringWriter();

Account[] acc = new Account[2];

acc[0] = bean;

bean = new Account();

bean.setName("tom" );

bean.setId(223);

acc[1] = bean;

 

try {

Marshaller.marshal(acc, writer);

fail(writer);

} catch (MarshalException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (Exception e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

结果如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>

<array><account id="1" ><address>北京</address><email>email</email><name>jack</name>

<birthday><birthday>2010-11-22</birthday></birthday></account>

<account id="223" ><name>tom</name></account></array>

4、 转换其他Java类型

/**

* <b>function:</b>将Java常用类型编组成xml

* @author hoojo

* @createDate 2011-4-22 下午12:11:44

*/

@Test

public void writeObject2XML() {

writer = new StringWriter();

try {

Marshaller.marshal(true, writer);

Marshaller.marshal(9527, writer);

Marshaller.marshal(2.2f, writer);

Marshaller.marshal(1.11d, writer);

Marshaller.marshal("lucy" , writer);

Marshaller.marshal("hello castor" .getBytes(), writer);

Marshaller.marshal(new char [] { 'a' , 'b' , 'c' }, writer);

Marshaller.marshal(new String[] { "hi" , "spring" , "castor" }, writer);

fail(writer);

} catch (MarshalException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (Exception e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

结果如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>

<boolean >true</boolean ><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>

<integer>9527</integer><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>

<float >2.2</float ><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>

<double >1.11</double ><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>

<string>lucy</string><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>

<[-b>aGVsbG8gY2FzdG9y</[-b><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>

<array><character>a</character><character>b</character><character>c</character></array><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>

<array><string>hi</string><string>spring</string><string>castor</string></array>

都是类型为节点名称,值为text。但是这里并没有出现Map,如果转换Map需要mapping进行配置。下面再慢慢道来-.-

5、 将xml解组成JavaBean

/**

* <b>function:</b>将XML内容,解组成JavaBean

* @author hoojo

* @createDate 2011-4-22 下午12:12:14

*/

@Test

public void readXML2Bean() {

 

String xml = "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?>" +

"<account id=\"1\"><address>北京</address>" +

"<name>jack</name><email>email</email>" +

"<birthday><birthday>2010-11-22</birthday></birthday></account>" ;

reader = new StringReader(xml);

 

try {

//解组

Account account = (Account) Unmarshaller.unmarshal(Account.class , reader);

fail(account);

} catch (MarshalException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (ValidationException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

结果如下:

1#jack#email#北京#2010-11-22

其他的类型,如:map、list、array都不能成功解组。因为这些类型里面有很多系统默认的xml描述。但是利用mapping和自定义JavaBean就可以成功编组和解组了。下面看看mapping是怎么玩转这些类型的。

三、 利用 mapping 配置,编组 JavaObject 、解组 XML

最开始的init方法就提供了mapping,让我们对mapping这个配置有了大概的了解。下面我们将详细介绍mapping是个什么:

1、 在此之前我们设置过mapping.xml。如果不设置,肯定是不能转换成我们想要的XML的。那么,mapping.xml配置文件是怎么配置Account这个对象的呢?

mapping.xml配置如下:

<? xml version ="1.0" encoding ="UTF-8" ?>

<! DOCTYPE mapping PUBLIC "-//EXOLAB/Castor Mapping DTD Version 1.0//EN" "http://castor.org/mapping.dtd" >

< mapping >

< class name ="com.hoo.entity.Account" auto-complete ="true" >

< map-to xml ="Account" />

 

< field name ="id" type ="integer" >

< bind-xml name ="id" node ="attribute" />

</ field >

 

< field name ="name" type ="string" >

< bind-xml name ="name" node ="element" />

</ field >

 

< field name ="email" type ="string" >

< bind-xml name ="email" node ="element" />

</ field >

 

< field name ="address" type ="string" >

< bind-xml name ="address" node ="element" />

</ field >

 

< field name ="birthday" type ="com.hoo.entity.Birthday" >

< bind-xml name ="生日" node ="element" />

</ field >

</ class >

 

< class name ="com.hoo.entity.Birthday" >

< map-to xml ="birthday" />

 

< field name ="birthday" type ="string" >

< bind-xml name ="birthday" node ="attribute" />

</ field >

</ class >

</ mapping >

首先,看看这个xml文档的根元素是mapping,在mapping中可以配置class。也就是我们要转换的JavaObject的配置描述了。

class元素的name属性就是配置的JavaObject的classpath路径了。

关于class元素的auto-complate属性,如果这个属性的值为ture。那么编组后的xml,castor会自动给没有在 mapping配置文件进行配置的属性自动编组(转换)到xml中。如果为false,那么在mapping配置文件中出现的属性将在编组后不现在在编组 后的xml中。

map-to就是当前class编组后的xml文档的节点元素名称。

field就是描述JavaObject中的属性,name是Java对象的属性名称,type是类型。关于配置的type类型也有规定,你可以参考:http://www.castor.org/xml-mapping.html的field 配置讲解。

而field还有其他的属性配置,如get-method应该是getter方法、set-method应该是setter的方法、 has-mehtod应该是hashCode方法,有时候我们不一定要提高getter、setter方法,我们需要用自己的方法名称来代替 setter、getter。如果当前field配置的是集合类型,那么你需要给field元素配置collection属性。

bind-xml就是绑定(编组)成xml后的xml内容的描述,name就是编组后xml的节点元素名称,node有2个值,分别是 attribute、element。attribute是属性,它会在节点元素的属性中显示,例如:<account id=”2”></account>

而element则是单独的一个元素,例如:<account><id>2</id></account>

就这个样子的。

mapping.xml还可以有其他标签,如:

<include href="other_mapping_file.xml"/>

导入外部xml文件,可以分多个配置。

好了,先将这么多的mapping方面的内容。我们还是看看实际运行的示例吧,代码如下:

/**

* <b>function:</b>将XML内容解组成Java对象

* @author hoojo

* @createDate 2011-4-22 下午12:13:28

*/

@Test

public void bean4Mapping2XML() {

writer = new StringWriter();

try {

//编组

Marshaller mar = new Marshaller(writer);

mar.setMapping(mapping);

mar.marshal(bean);

fail(writer);

 

//解组

reader = new StringReader(writer.toString());

Unmarshaller unmar = new Unmarshaller(Account.class );

unmar.setMapping(mapping);

 

Account account = (Account) unmar.unmarshal(reader);

fail(account);

} catch (MarshalException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (Exception e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

运行后结果如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>

<Account id="1" ><name>jack</name><email>email</email><address>北京</address><生日 birthday="2010-11-22" /></Account>

1#jack#email#北京#2010-11-22

上面的xml的根节点是Account,这个功劳就来源于mapping配置中的map-to元素,而根节点的id属性是有field和bind- xml来完成的。当bind-xml的node值为attribute时,就会以属性的方式显示。当node为element时,就会像后面name、 email一样,以元素名称显示。

再看看上面的mapping文件中的Account的配置,有个auto-complate属性,如果把这个属性的值设置成false,会怎么样?那我们赶紧试试。

没有发现上面异样,但是当我们删除下面配置的filed的时候,就发现有变化了。

结果如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>

<Account><name>jack</name><email>email</email><address>北京</address><生日 birthday="2010-11-22" /></Account>

0#jack#email#北京#2010-11-22

发现id没有显示在xml中,那么我们再将auto-complate的属性设置true,会有什么惊喜?

结果如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>

<Account id="1" ><name>jack</name><email>email</email><address>北京</address><生日 birthday="2010-11-22" /></Account>

1#jack#email#北京#2010-11-22

发现id又回来了,但是Account的配置中并没有配置id的field。这是为什么,其实auto-comlate在上面已经讲过了。 Castor在编组时会自动将int类型的属性,显示在父元素的属性中。并且JavaObject中有的属性没有在mapping配置文件中配 置,castor也会自动将其编组在xml中。

下面我们看看map-to配置的用法,map-to的主要属性是name,也就是我们把当前根元素重命名的名称。Map-to还有2个属性 可以用,分别是ns-uri、ns-prefix。看名称就知道它大概的意识,一个是命名空间的uri另一个则是命名空间的前缀。我们给上面 mapping加上这两个属性看看。

<map-to xml="Account" ns-uri="http://hoojo.cnblogs.com" ns-prefix="castor"/>

结果如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>

<castor:Account xmlns:castor="http://hoojo.cnblogs.com" id="1" ><castor:name>jack</castor:name><castor:email>email</castor:email>

<castor:address>北京</castor:address><castor:生日 birthday="2010-11-22" /></castor:Account>

1#jack#email#北京#2010-11-22

发现了什么?节点元素都带上了ns-prefix的值,而根元素则有了xml的ns。

2、 将一段XML格式字符串转换成JavaBean

@Test

public void readBean4Mapping2XML() {

String xml = "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?>" +

"<Account id=\"2241\"><name>jack</name><email>email</email><address>北京</address><生日 birthday=\"2010-11-22\"/></Account>" ;

try {

reader = new StringReader(xml);

Unmarshaller unmar = new Unmarshaller(Account.class );

unmar.setMapping(mapping);

 

Account account = (Account) unmar.unmarshal(reader);

fail(account);

} catch (MarshalException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (Exception e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

运行后结果如下:

2241#jack#email#北京#2010-11-22

3、 将XML内容解组成Java的Array

/**

* <b>function:</b>将XML内容解组成Java的Array

* @author hoojo

* @createDate 2011-4-22 下午12:14:50

*/

@Test

public void array4Mapping2XML() {

writer = new StringWriter();

Account[] acc = new Account[2];

acc[0] = bean;

bean = new Account();

bean.setName("tom" );

bean.setId(223);

acc[1] = bean;

AccountArray array = new AccountArray();

array.setAccounts(acc);

try {

Marshaller mar = new Marshaller(writer);

mar.setMapping(mapping);

mar.marshal(array);

fail(writer);

 

reader = new StringReader(writer.toString());

Unmarshaller unmar = new Unmarshaller(AccountArray.class );

unmar.setMapping(mapping);

array = (AccountArray) unmar.unmarshal(reader);

fail(array.getSize());

fail(array.getAccounts()[0]);

fail(array.getAccounts()[1]);

} catch (MarshalException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (Exception e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

AccountArray的mapping配置如下:

< class name ="com.hoo.entity.AccountArray" >

< map-to xml ="account-array" />

< field name ="size" type ="int" />

< field name ="accounts" collection ="array" type ="com.hoo.entity.Account" >

< bind-xml name ="accounts" auto-naming ="deriveByClass" />

</ field >

</ class >

collection表示是数组,auto-maming有2中值,一种是类driverByClass,另一种则是driverByField是属性。

运行后,结果如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>

<account-array><size>2</size><Account id="1" ><name>jack</name><email>email</email><address>北京</address>

<生日 birthday="2010-11-22" /></Account><Account id="223" ><name>tom</name></Account></account-array>

2

1#jack#email#北京#2010-11-22

223#tom#null#null#null

4、 将Map编组、解组成JavaObject

/**

* <b>function:</b>xml转换成Java的Map

* @author hoojo

* @createDate 2011-4-22 下午12:15:18

*/

@Test

public void map4Mapping2XML() {

writer = new StringWriter();

MapBean mapBean = new MapBean();

Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();

map.put("No1" , bean);

bean = new Account();

bean.setName("tom" );

bean.setId(223);

map.put("No2" , bean);

mapBean.setMap(map);

 

try {

Marshaller mar = new Marshaller(writer);

mar.setMapping(mapping);

mar.marshal(mapBean);

fail(writer);

 

reader = new StringReader(writer.toString());

Unmarshaller unmar = new Unmarshaller(MapBean.class );

unmar.setMapping(mapping);

mapBean = (MapBean) unmar.unmarshal(reader);

fail(mapBean.getMap());

} catch (MarshalException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (Exception e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

Mapping配置

< class name ="com.hoo.entity.MapBean" >

< field name ="map" collection ="map" >

< bind-xml name ="map" >

< class name ="org.exolab.castor.mapping.MapItem" >

< field name ="key" type ="java.lang.String" >

< bind-xml name ="key" node ="attribute" />

</ field >

< field name ="value" type ="com.hoo.entity.Account" >

< bind-xml name ="value" auto-naming ="deriveByClass" />

</ field >

</ class >

</ bind-xml >

</ field >

</ class >

上面的map配置必须这样配置,利用org.exolab.castor.mapping.MapItem 这个class,完成key、value的配置。

结果如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>

<map-bean><map key="No2" ><Account id="223" ><name>tom</name></Account></map>

<map key="No1" ><Account id="1" ><name>jack</name><email>email</email><address>北京</address>

<生日 birthday="2010-11-22" /></Account></map></map-bean>

{No2=223#tom#null#null#null, No1=1#jack#email#北京#2010-11-22}

5、 JavaList编组、解组XML

/**

* <b>function:</b>List到XML的相互转换

* @author hoojo

* @createDate 2011-4-22 下午12:16:04

*/

@SuppressWarnings("unchecked" )

@Test

public void listForMapping2XML() {

writer = new StringWriter();

 

List<Account> list = new ArrayList<Account>();

list.add(bean);

bean = new Account();

bean.setName("tom" );

bean.setId(223);

list.add(bean);

 

ListBean listBean = new ListBean();

listBean.setList(list);

try {

Marshaller mar = new Marshaller(writer);

mar.setMapping(mapping);

mar.marshal(listBean);

fail(writer);

 

reader = new StringReader(writer.toString());

Unmarshaller unmar = new Unmarshaller(ListBean.class );

unmar.setMapping(mapping);

listBean = (ListBean) unmar.unmarshal(reader);

fail(listBean.getList().size());

for (Account acc : (List<Account>)listBean.getList()) {

fail(acc);

}

} catch (MarshalException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (Exception e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

Mapping配置

< class name ="com.hoo.entity.ListBean" >

< map-to xml ="listBean" />

< field name ="list" collection ="arraylist" type ="com.hoo.entity.Account" >

< bind-xml name ="beans" auto-naming ="deriveByClass" />

</ field >

</ class >

结果:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>

<listBean><Account id="1" ><name>jack</name><email>email</email><address>北京</address>

<生日 birthday="2010-11-22" /></Account><Account id="223" ><name>tom</name></Account></listBean>

2

1#jack#email#北京#2010-11-22

223#tom#null#null#null


版权所有,转载请注明出处 本文出自: http://www.cnblogs.com/hoojo/archive/2011/04/25/2026819.html

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